多点激励作用下车-桥-地震耦合系统分析
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摘要
当高速列车通过大跨度桥梁时,地震的发生将对行车安全性产生严重影响.为研究地震作用下车桥耦合系统的动力学响应,车辆子系统由刚体动力学方法模拟,桥梁子系统由一有限元法模拟,轮轨间竖、横向相互作用力分别由轮轨密贴假定和简化的Kalker蠕滑理论定义,以轨道不平顺和人工地震加速度时程作为系统激励,通过大质量法对桥梁子系统施加多点激励的地震作用,采用时程积分和时间步内的力-运动状态迭代求解运动方程,并进行了算例研究.分析结果表明,桥梁加速度响应、列车的脱轨系数、轮重减载率增加随地震烈度增加;常见地震波速下,车桥响应与地震波速之间不存在单调变化关系.
When a high-speed train crosses a long-span bridge,the safety of the train is obviously affected by the occurrence of an earthquake.In order to study the dynamic characteristics of a coupled vehicle-bridge system under seismic loads,the vehicle subsystem was modeled by the rigid-body dynamics method and the bridge subsystem was modeled by the finite element method.The vertical and lateral wheel-rail interactive forces were defined by the corresponding wheel-rail interactive assumption and simplified Kalker creep theory;the track irregularities and calculated seismic acceleration histories were regarded as the system exciter.The seismic effects were imposed as multi-supported excitations to the bridge subsystem by the large-mass method;the motion equations were solved by the history integral method and force-motion iterations within time steps.The results show that the bridge vibration,derailment factors,and offloading factors of the vehicle increase markedly with the seismic intensity;there is no monotonous variation relationship between vehicle-bridge response and the seismic wave velocity.
When a high-speed train crosses a long-span bridge,the safety of the train is obviously affected by the occurrence of an earthquake.In order to study the dynamic characteristics of a coupled vehicle-bridge system under seismic loads,the vehicle subsystem was modeled by the rigid-body dynamics method and the bridge subsystem was modeled by the finite element method.The vertical and lateral wheel-rail interactive forces were defined by the corresponding wheel-rail interactive assumption and simplified Kalker creep theory;the track irregularities and calculated seismic acceleration histories were regarded as the system exciter.The seismic effects were imposed as multi-supported excitations to the bridge subsystem by the large-mass method;the motion equations were solved by the history integral method and force-motion iterations within time steps.The results show that the bridge vibration,derailment factors,and offloading factors of the vehicle increase markedly with the seismic intensity;there is no monotonous variation relationship between vehicle-bridge response and the seismic wave velocity.
引文
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[4]王波,张海龙,武修雄,徐丰.基于大质量法的高墩大跨连续刚构桥地震时程反应分析[J].桥梁建设,2006(5):17-20.WANG Bo,ZHANG Hailong,WU Xiuxiong,XU Feng.A-nalysis of seismic time-history response of high-rise pier andlong span continuous rigid-frame bridge based on great massmethod[J].Bridge Construction,2006(5):17-20.
[5]许春永,亓兴军,宋国富.行波输入下大跨斜拉桥减震控制分析[J].工程抗震与加固改造,2008,30(6):89-94.XU Chunyong,Qi Xingjun,SONG Guofu.Analysis of seis-mic response control for long-span cable-stayed bridge undertraveling wave input[J].Earthquake Resistant Engineeringand Retrofitting,2008,30(6):89-94.
[6]夏禾,张楠.车辆与结构动力相互作用[M].2版.北京:科学出版社,2005:337-338.
[7]ZHANG Nan,XIA He,ROECK G D E.Spectrum and sen-sitivity analysis of vehicle-bridge interaction system[C]//Proceedings of ISEV'2007.Taipei,2007:357-362.
[8]王福天.车辆系统动力学[M].北京:中国铁道出版社,1994:33-37.WANG Futian.Vehicle dynamics[M].Beijing:ChinaRailway Press,1994:33-37.
[9]CLOUGH R,PENZIEN J.Dynamics of structures[M].2nded.Berkeley:Computers and Structures,Inc.,2003:
[10]翟婉明.车辆-轨道耦合动力学[M].3版.北京:科学出版社,2007:128.ZHAI Wanming.Vehicle-track coupling dynamics[M].3rd ed.Beijing:Science Press,2007:128.
[11]卢明奇,田玉基.近断层地震作用下基于位移的抗震设计方法[J].哈尔滨工程大学学报,2008,29(1):16-21.LU Mingqi,TIAN Yuji.Safety of displacement-based seis-mic designs in near fault ground motions[J].Journal ofHarbin Engineering University,2008,29(1):16-21.
[12]河南省地震局地震工程勘察研究院.郑州黄河公路铁路两用桥工程场地地震安全性评价工作报告[R].郑州:河南地震局地震工程勘察研究院,2006.
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