SRB与LRB隔震连续梁桥地震响应对比研究
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摘要
为研究SRB与LRB隔震连续梁桥地震响应的差别,根据G-C模型模拟SMA丝的热力学本构关系,采用Bouc-Wen模型模拟LRB力-位移的滞回非线性特性,通过对结构的离散建立了全桥有限元计算模型,分别编制了求解SRB和LRB隔震结构非线性运动方程的时程分析程序.利用自编程序并结合算例对不同地震激励下的非隔震、SRB和LRB隔震模型进行了时程对比分析.分析结果表明:在非低频脉冲波激励下,采用SRB与LRB隔震,梁体位移虽被放大但均在限值范围内,其它关键部位的地震响应均明显降低;在低频脉冲波激励下,SRB的隔震效果同样显著,但LRB隔震桥梁的地震响应比隔震前有明显放大,梁体位移超出了限值范围.
To investigate the difference on isolated continuous girder bridges with SRB(SMA rubber bearings) and LRB(lead rubber bearings),the G-C model was adopted to simulate the thermodynamic equation constitutive relation of SMA(shape memory alloy) fiber,and Bouc-Wen restoring force model was used to simulate the LRB nonlinear hysteretic characteristics.FEM computation model of the entire bridge was established by the way of making the structure discrete.Further,the time history analysis program was prepared to solve the nonlinear motion equation of the isolated structure with SRB and LRB.The comparative analysis of time history was implemented for no-isolated,SRB and LRB isolated bridges under different kinds of seismic excitations by using the prepared program.The results indicate that,under non-low frequency pulse seismic excitations,the beam displacement is amplified by SRB and LRB isolation,but the maximum beam displacement is still within the range of standard and the seismic response of other key positions is decreased obviously.For the low frequency pulse seismic excitations,the isolating rate of SRB is still good,while the response of isolated bridges with LRB is much bigger than that of the non-isolated bridges,and its beam displacement might exceed the range of standard.
To investigate the difference on isolated continuous girder bridges with SRB(SMA rubber bearings) and LRB(lead rubber bearings),the G-C model was adopted to simulate the thermodynamic equation constitutive relation of SMA(shape memory alloy) fiber,and Bouc-Wen restoring force model was used to simulate the LRB nonlinear hysteretic characteristics.FEM computation model of the entire bridge was established by the way of making the structure discrete.Further,the time history analysis program was prepared to solve the nonlinear motion equation of the isolated structure with SRB and LRB.The comparative analysis of time history was implemented for no-isolated,SRB and LRB isolated bridges under different kinds of seismic excitations by using the prepared program.The results indicate that,under non-low frequency pulse seismic excitations,the beam displacement is amplified by SRB and LRB isolation,but the maximum beam displacement is still within the range of standard and the seismic response of other key positions is decreased obviously.For the low frequency pulse seismic excitations,the isolating rate of SRB is still good,while the response of isolated bridges with LRB is much bigger than that of the non-isolated bridges,and its beam displacement might exceed the range of standard.
引文
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[10]Graesser E J,Cozzarelli F A.Shape memory alloys asa new material for a seismic isolation[J].Journal ofEngineering Mechanics,1991,117(6):2590-2608.
[11]Wen Y K.Method of random vibration of hystereticsystems[J].Journal of Engineering Mechanics Divi-sion,1976,102(2):249-263.
[12]唐光武,李建中,陶夏新.公路桥梁抗震设计细则[M].北京:人民交通出版社,2008.Tang Guangwu,Li Jianzhong,Tao Xiaxin.Guidelinesfor seismic design of highway bridges[M].Beijing:China Communications Press,2008.(in Chinese)
[2]Ozbulut O E,Hurlebaus S.Seismic assessment ofbridge structures isolated by a shape memory alloy/rub-ber-based isolation system[J].Smart Materials andStructures,2011,20(1):15003-15014.
[3]Ozbulut O E.Hurlebaus S.Optimal design of supere-lastic-friction base isolators for seismic protection ofhighway bridges against near-field earthquakes[J].Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics,2010,40(3):273-291.
[4]Sharabash A M,Andrawes B O.Application of shapememory alloy dampers in the seismic control of cable-stayed bridges[J].Engineering Structures,2009,31(2):607-616.
[5]Johnson R,Padgett J E,Maragakis M E,et al.Largescale testing of nitinol shape memory alloy devices forretrofitting of bridges[J].Smart Materials and Struc-tures,2008,17(3):35018-35027.
[6]丁阳,张向荣,李忠献.应用SMA复合橡胶支座的大跨度空间结构隔震研究[J].沈阳建筑大学学报:自然科学版,2005,21(5):438-444.Ding Yang,Zhang Xiangrong,Li Zhongxian.Isolationanalysis of long-span spatial structure with shape memo-ry alloys composite rubber bearing[J].Journal of Shen-yang Jianzhu University:Natural Science ed,2005,21(5):438-444.(in Chinese)
[7]薛素铎,周乾.SMA-橡胶复合支座在空间网壳结构中的隔震研究[J].北京工业大学学报,2004,30(2):176-179.Xue Suduo,Zhou Qian.Seismic isolation of SMA-rub-ber bearings in spatial lattice shells[J].Journal of Bei-jing University of Technology,2004,30(2):176-179.(in Chinese))
[8]李忠献,陈海泉,刘建涛.应用SMA复合橡胶支座的桥梁隔震[J].地震工程与工程振动,2002,22(2):143-148.Li Zhongxian,Chen Haiquan,Liu Jiantao.Bridge isola-tion with SMA composite rubber bearing[J].Earth-quake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,2002,22(2):143-148.(in Chinese)
[9]张骏,阎贵平.减隔震支座对梁式桥抗震性能的影响[J].中国公路学报,2002,15(1):38-43.Zhang Jun,Yan Guiping.Effects of isolation bearing onanti-seismic performance of RC beam bridge[J].ChinaJournal of Highway and Transport,2002,15(1):38-43.(in Chinese)
[10]Graesser E J,Cozzarelli F A.Shape memory alloys asa new material for a seismic isolation[J].Journal ofEngineering Mechanics,1991,117(6):2590-2608.
[11]Wen Y K.Method of random vibration of hystereticsystems[J].Journal of Engineering Mechanics Divi-sion,1976,102(2):249-263.
[12]唐光武,李建中,陶夏新.公路桥梁抗震设计细则[M].北京:人民交通出版社,2008.Tang Guangwu,Li Jianzhong,Tao Xiaxin.Guidelinesfor seismic design of highway bridges[M].Beijing:China Communications Press,2008.(in Chinese)
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