横桥向地震作用下简支梁桥偏心碰撞反应参数研究
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摘要
汶川大地震中桥梁结构横向抗震挡块遭到严重破坏,其中部分是由于梁体与其发生碰撞所致。针对桥梁结构横向抗震挡块与梁体在强震作用下的碰撞现象,建立了考虑上部结构与挡块间偏心距、支座非线性和墩柱弹塑性的横桥向单墩碰撞模型。采用非线性地震反应时程分析方法,详细研究了偏心距、碰撞刚度、初始间隙、桥墩线刚度、上部结构与盖梁质量比、上下部结构周期比以及墩柱弹塑性等参数对桥梁结构横向地震反应的影响。结果表明:考虑偏心的碰撞进一步增强了系统的非线性,低高度梁(e<70 cm)不考虑偏心碰撞分析可能导致不保守的结果,需引起重视。
During Wenchuan earthquake,some lateral shear keys of bridges suffered severe damage partially caused by poundings between shear keys and girders.Based on pounding phenomena between shear keys and girders under strong ground motions,a pounding model of a single column considering eccentric distances between shear keys and girders,nonlinear behaviors of bearings and elasto-plastic behaviors of piers was established.With the time history analysis method for nonlinear seismic responses of structues,the effects of many parameters,such as,eccentric distance,pounding stiffness,initial gap between shear key and girder,linear stiffness of pier,mass ratio of uppertructure and bent cap,period ratio of upperstructure and lowerstructure,and elasto-plastic behaviors of piers on the lateral seismic responses of a bridge were analyzed.The results indicated that the poundings considering eccentric distances between shear keys and girders can enhance the non-linearity of the system,ignoring eccentric poundings in an analysis for a lower height girder(e<70cm) can cause nonconservative results,they should be paid to more attention.
During Wenchuan earthquake,some lateral shear keys of bridges suffered severe damage partially caused by poundings between shear keys and girders.Based on pounding phenomena between shear keys and girders under strong ground motions,a pounding model of a single column considering eccentric distances between shear keys and girders,nonlinear behaviors of bearings and elasto-plastic behaviors of piers was established.With the time history analysis method for nonlinear seismic responses of structues,the effects of many parameters,such as,eccentric distance,pounding stiffness,initial gap between shear key and girder,linear stiffness of pier,mass ratio of uppertructure and bent cap,period ratio of upperstructure and lowerstructure,and elasto-plastic behaviors of piers on the lateral seismic responses of a bridge were analyzed.The results indicated that the poundings considering eccentric distances between shear keys and girders can enhance the non-linearity of the system,ignoring eccentric poundings in an analysis for a lower height girder(e<70cm) can cause nonconservative results,they should be paid to more attention.
引文
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[12]Kawashima K.Seismic design and retrofit of bridges[C].Auckland:Proc.of 12th World Conference on EarthquakeEngineering,2000.
[2]庄卫林,刘振宇,蒋劲松.汶川大地震公路桥梁震害分析及对策[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2009,28(7):1377-1387.ZHUANG Wei-lin,LIU Zhen-yu,JIANG Jin-song.Earthquake-induced damage analysis of highway bridges inWenchuan earthquake and countermeasures[J].Journal ofRock Mechanics and Engineering,2009,28(7):1377-1387.
[3]Maleki S.Effect of side retainers on seismic response ofbridges with elastomeric bearings[J].Journal of BridgeEngineering,2004,9(1):95-100.
[4]聂利英,李建中,范立础.地震作用下结构碰撞的模型参数及其影响分析[J].工程力学,2005,22(5):143-146.NIE Li-ying,LI Jian-zhong,FAN Li-chu.Selection ofPounding Analysis parameters and its effects on structureunder earth-quake[J].Engineering Mechanics,2005,22(5):143-146.
[5]邓育林,彭天波,李建中.地震作用下桥梁结构横向碰撞模型及参数分析[J].振动与冲击,2007,26(9):104-107.DENG Yu-lin,PENG Tian-bo,LI Jian-zhong.Poundingmodel of bridge structures and parameter analysis undertransverse earthquakes[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2007,26(9):104-107.
[6]徐略勤,李建中,吴陶晶.碰撞效应对非规则梁桥横向地震反应的影响[J].振动与冲击,2011,30(4):95-99.XU Lue-qin,LI Jian-zhong,WU Tao-jing.Influence ofpounding effects on transverse seismic response of anonstandard girder bridge[J].Journal of Vibration andShock,2011,30(4):95-99.
[7]谢旭,高博青,吴善幸,等.柔性橡胶支座上的桥梁结构地震碰撞响应分析[J].浙江大学学报,2004,38(6):725-730.XIE Xu,GAO Bo-qing,WU Shan-xing.Earthquake responseof bridges bearing on flexible rubber considering pounding ofgirders[J].Journal of Zhejiang University,2004,38(6):725-730.
[8]范立础,聂利英,李建中.地震作用下板式橡胶支座滑动的动力性能分析[J].中国公路学报,2003,16(4):30-35.FAN Li-chu,NIE Li-ying,LI Jian-zhong.Dynamiccharacteristic analysis of laminated rubber bearing slidingunder earthquake[J].China Journal of Highway andTransport,2003,16(4):30-35.
[9]聂利英.桥梁抗震非线性分析理论研究[D].上海:同济大学,2002.
[10]王军文,李建中,范立础.非规则梁桥横桥向地震碰撞反应分析[J].振动与冲击,2010,29(6):25-30.WANG Jun-wen,LI Jian-zhong,FAN Li-chu.Analysis ofpounding effect of irregular girder bridges under transverseearthquake[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2010,29(6):25-30.
[11]王军文,李建中,范立础.连续梁桥纵向地震碰撞反应参数研究[J].中国公路学报,2005,18(4):42-47.WANG Jun-wen,LI Jian-zhong,FAN Li-chu.Parametricstudy of longitudinal seismic pounding response for continuousgirder bridges[J].China Journal of Highway and Transport,2005,18(4):42-47.
[12]Kawashima K.Seismic design and retrofit of bridges[C].Auckland:Proc.of 12th World Conference on EarthquakeEngineering,2000.
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