板式橡胶支座桥梁地震位移控制方法
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摘要
为了克服中国采用板式橡胶支座的中小跨径桥梁易发生梁体移位震害的不足,合理控制梁体地震位移,以一典型板式橡胶支座连续梁桥为研究背景,采用SAP2000有限元程序,考虑板式橡胶支座的滑动效应,建立了桥梁结构空间动力计算模型,进行了非线性时程地震反应分析,研究了地震动特性对梁体地震位移的影响,探讨了板式橡胶支座桥梁存在的问题,提出了将一联梁桥中某中间桥墩的板式橡胶支座改为铅芯橡胶支座的地震位移控制方法。结果表明:该方法能有效控制梁体地震位移,虽在一定程度上增大了设置铅芯橡胶支座桥墩的地震反应,但与可能的落梁震害相比,桥墩发生有限损伤是可接受的。
To overcome the deficiency of small and medium span girder bridges on laminated rubber bearings in serious girder displacement during earthquake excitation in China,and to control the girder seismic displacement to a reasonable level,with a typical continuous bridge on laminated rubber bearings as the object,the finite element program SAP2000 was used to establish the spatial finite element calculating model of the bridge with consideration of the effect of bearing sliding,and the seismic response analysis of bridge structure using nonlinear time history method was carried out.The influence of ground motion on girder seismic displacement was studied,the possible defects of continuous bridge on laminated rubber bearings under longitudinal earthquake excitation were discussed,and a new method for controlling girder seismic displacement was proposed,in which laminated rubber bearings at an intermediate pier in a continuous bridge were replaced by lead-rubber bearings.The results show that the new method is effective in controlling girder seismic displacement;since the seismic effect of the pier,at which lead-rubber bearings are installed instead of laminated rubber bearings,is increased to some extent,the possibility of bridge collapse becomes smaller and the damage to piers is more acceptable.
To overcome the deficiency of small and medium span girder bridges on laminated rubber bearings in serious girder displacement during earthquake excitation in China,and to control the girder seismic displacement to a reasonable level,with a typical continuous bridge on laminated rubber bearings as the object,the finite element program SAP2000 was used to establish the spatial finite element calculating model of the bridge with consideration of the effect of bearing sliding,and the seismic response analysis of bridge structure using nonlinear time history method was carried out.The influence of ground motion on girder seismic displacement was studied,the possible defects of continuous bridge on laminated rubber bearings under longitudinal earthquake excitation were discussed,and a new method for controlling girder seismic displacement was proposed,in which laminated rubber bearings at an intermediate pier in a continuous bridge were replaced by lead-rubber bearings.The results show that the new method is effective in controlling girder seismic displacement;since the seismic effect of the pier,at which lead-rubber bearings are installed instead of laminated rubber bearings,is increased to some extent,the possibility of bridge collapse becomes smaller and the damage to piers is more acceptable.
引文
[1]范立础,聂利英,李建中.地震作用下板式橡胶支座滑动的动力性能分析[J].中国公路学报,2003,16(4):30-35.FAN Li-chu,NIE Li-ying,LI Jian-zhong.DynamicCharacteristic Analysis of Laminated Rubber BearingSliding Under Earthquake[J].China Journal of High-way and Transport,2003,16(4):30-35.
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[3]刘健新,赵国辉.“5.12”汶川地震典型桥梁震害分析[J].建筑科学与工程学报,2009,26(2):92-97.LIU Jian-xin,ZHAO Guo-hui.Typical Bridge DamageAnalysis in“5.12”Wenchuan Earthquake[J].Jour-nal of Architecture and Civil Engineering,2009,26(2):92-97.
[4]汤虎,李建中.连续梁桥固定墩减震设计方法研究[J].土木工程学报,2011,44(12):64-72.TANG Hu,LI Jian-zhong.Study of Earthquake-re-duction Design for the Fixed Pier of ContinuousBridges[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,2011,44(12):64-72.
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[7]于泳波,万振江,刘健新.减震技术在公路桥梁中的应用及地震反应分析[J].长安大学学报:自然科学版,2004,24(2):58-60.YU Yong-bo,WAN Zhen-jiang,LIU Jian-xin.SeismicReduction Design for Highway Bridge and SeismicResponse[J].Journal of Chang'an University:NaturalScience Edition,2004,24(2):58-60.
[8]蒋建军,李建中,范立础.桥梁板式橡胶支座与粘滞阻尼器组合使用的减震性能研究[J].公路交通科技,2005,22(8):44-48.JIANG Jian-jun,LI Jian-zhong,FAN Li-chu.Study onAseismic Performance of Combination of LaminatedRubber Bearing and Viscous Damper for Bridge[J].Journal of Highway and Transportation Research andDevelopment,2005,22(8):44-48.
[9]吴彬,庄军生,臧晓秋.铅芯橡胶支座的非线性动态分析力学参数试验研究[J].工程力学,2004,21(5):144-149.WU Bin,ZHUANG Jun-sheng,ZANG Xiao-qiu.Ex-perimental Study of Mechanical Parameters of Lead-rubber Bearing by for Nonlinear Dynamic Analysis[J].Engineering Mechanics,2004,21(5):144-149.
[10]JTG/T B02-01—2008,公路桥梁抗震设计细则[S].JTG/T B02-01—2008,Guidelines for Seismic Designof Highway Bridges[S].
[11]朱东生,虞庐松.钢筋混凝土桥墩非线性地震反应分析[J].世界地震工程,2006,22(2):24-28.ZHU Dong-sheng,YU Lu-song.The Nonlinear Seis-mic Displacement Response of RC Bridge Piers[J].World Earthquake Engineering,2006,22(2):24-28.
[2]范立础,李建中.汶川桥梁震害分析与抗震设计对策[J].公路,2009(5):122-128.FAN Li-chu,LI Jian-zhong.Earthquake Induced Dam-age Analysis of Bridge in Wenchuan Earthquake andDesigning Countermeasures[J].Highway,2009(5):122-128.
[3]刘健新,赵国辉.“5.12”汶川地震典型桥梁震害分析[J].建筑科学与工程学报,2009,26(2):92-97.LIU Jian-xin,ZHAO Guo-hui.Typical Bridge DamageAnalysis in“5.12”Wenchuan Earthquake[J].Jour-nal of Architecture and Civil Engineering,2009,26(2):92-97.
[4]汤虎,李建中.连续梁桥固定墩减震设计方法研究[J].土木工程学报,2011,44(12):64-72.TANG Hu,LI Jian-zhong.Study of Earthquake-re-duction Design for the Fixed Pier of ContinuousBridges[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,2011,44(12):64-72.
[5]WON J H,MHA H S,CHO K I,et al.Effects of theRestrainer upon Bridge Motions Under Seismic Exci-tations[J].Engineering Structures,2008,30(12):3532-3544.
[6]RAHEEM S E A.Pounding Mitigation and UnseatingPrevention at Expansion Joints of Isolated Multi-spanBridges[J].Engineering Structures,2009,31(10):2345-2356.
[7]于泳波,万振江,刘健新.减震技术在公路桥梁中的应用及地震反应分析[J].长安大学学报:自然科学版,2004,24(2):58-60.YU Yong-bo,WAN Zhen-jiang,LIU Jian-xin.SeismicReduction Design for Highway Bridge and SeismicResponse[J].Journal of Chang'an University:NaturalScience Edition,2004,24(2):58-60.
[8]蒋建军,李建中,范立础.桥梁板式橡胶支座与粘滞阻尼器组合使用的减震性能研究[J].公路交通科技,2005,22(8):44-48.JIANG Jian-jun,LI Jian-zhong,FAN Li-chu.Study onAseismic Performance of Combination of LaminatedRubber Bearing and Viscous Damper for Bridge[J].Journal of Highway and Transportation Research andDevelopment,2005,22(8):44-48.
[9]吴彬,庄军生,臧晓秋.铅芯橡胶支座的非线性动态分析力学参数试验研究[J].工程力学,2004,21(5):144-149.WU Bin,ZHUANG Jun-sheng,ZANG Xiao-qiu.Ex-perimental Study of Mechanical Parameters of Lead-rubber Bearing by for Nonlinear Dynamic Analysis[J].Engineering Mechanics,2004,21(5):144-149.
[10]JTG/T B02-01—2008,公路桥梁抗震设计细则[S].JTG/T B02-01—2008,Guidelines for Seismic Designof Highway Bridges[S].
[11]朱东生,虞庐松.钢筋混凝土桥墩非线性地震反应分析[J].世界地震工程,2006,22(2):24-28.ZHU Dong-sheng,YU Lu-song.The Nonlinear Seis-mic Displacement Response of RC Bridge Piers[J].World Earthquake Engineering,2006,22(2):24-28.
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