城市活断层的抗干扰高分辨率浅层地震勘探研究
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摘要
首先 ,简要介绍了城市活断层探测的意义及世界各国开展城市活断层探测的基本情况。在简述抗干扰高分辨率浅层地震勘探基本原理的基础上 ,重点论述了城市活断层的抗干扰高分辨率浅层地震勘探的震源激发、数字地震仪性能、接收方式与接收条件、观测系统以及数据处理与资料解释等。研究表明 ,对于城市活断层的抗干扰高分辨率浅层地震勘探 ,在数据采集环节应采用具有线性或非线性变频扫描功能的可控震源和与其相匹配的地震仪器 ,以及小道间距、小偏移距、多接收道、短排列和高频检波器接收的工作方法 ;在数据处理与解释环节 ,要重视折射静校正技术、噪声压制技术、高精度速度分析技术、子波压缩技术、子波零相位化技术和叠前偏移技术等的应用。最后 ,给出了城市活断层的抗干扰高分辨率浅层地震勘探实例。
The significance of urban active fault detecting and its basic developing situation are introduced briefly.Based on the simple describle of the basic principle of anti disturbance high resolution shallow seismic exploration,All the sources,the properties of digital seismic instruments,the receive method and conditions,the observation system,and the data processing and interpretation of the urban active fault detecting are discussed emphasizedly.The research results are controlled source which has linear or nonlinear variabe frequency scan function and the seismic instruments which match with it,and the method of small group intervals,small offset,much more channels,short array length,high frequency receivers are applied during the link of data acquisition,and that the techniques of the refraction static correction,the noise suppressing,the high resolution velocity analysis,the wavelet length compression,the wavelet zero phase,and the prestack migration should be applied emphasizedly during the link of data processing and interpretation.Finally, a field example is given.
The significance of urban active fault detecting and its basic developing situation are introduced briefly.Based on the simple describle of the basic principle of anti disturbance high resolution shallow seismic exploration,All the sources,the properties of digital seismic instruments,the receive method and conditions,the observation system,and the data processing and interpretation of the urban active fault detecting are discussed emphasizedly.The research results are controlled source which has linear or nonlinear variabe frequency scan function and the seismic instruments which match with it,and the method of small group intervals,small offset,much more channels,short array length,high frequency receivers are applied during the link of data acquisition,and that the techniques of the refraction static correction,the noise suppressing,the high resolution velocity analysis,the wavelet length compression,the wavelet zero phase,and the prestack migration should be applied emphasizedly during the link of data processing and interpretation.Finally, a field example is given.
引文
中国地震局地球物理勘探中心,2001,天津海河隐伏断裂浅层地震勘探工作报告。
中国地震局地球物理勘探中心,2002,福州市活断层试验性探测浅层地震勘探工作报告。
中国地震局地球物理勘探中心,2002,福州市活断层控制性探测浅层地震勘探工作报告。
佃荣吉,2002,日本活断层研究中心简介,国际地震动态,3,26～27。
方盛明、张先康、刘保金等,2002,探测大城市活断层的地球物理方法,地震地质,24(4),606～607。
刘保金、赵成斌、冷新荣,1994,不同地区工程勘察的高分辨率地震反射探查[J].西北地震学报,21(1),55～61。
刘保金、张先康、朱金芳等,2002,城市活断层的高分辨率浅层地震数据采集技术,地震地质,24(4),524～532。
李庆忠,1993,走向精确勘探的道路,北京:石油工业出版社,61～70。
潘纪顺,2002,城市活断层高分辨率地震勘探研究,硕士学位论文,中国科学技术大学。
潘纪顺、刘保金、朱金芳等,2002,城市活断层高分辨率地震勘探震源对比试验研究,地震地质,24(4),533～541。
唐建人,2001,高分辨率地震勘探理论与实践,北京:石油工业出版社,7～8。
王庆海、徐明才,1991,抗干扰高分辨率浅层地震勘探,北京:地质出版社,165～170。
俞寿朋,1993,高分辨率地震勘探,北京:石油工业出版社,83～110。
P .L .汉考克【英】、R .S .耶茨【美】等著,1992,活断层特性,北京:地震出版社。
中国地震局赴土耳其地震现场考察专家组,2000,伊兹米特地震的几点启示,国际地震动态,1,24～27。
Sharpe,J .A .,1942,TheproductionofelasticwavesbyexplosionpressureI,Theoryandempiricalfieldobservations,Geophysics,7,144～154.
YilmazO .Z .,2001,Seismicdataanalysis,SocietyofExplorationGeophysicsts,VolumeI,25～150.
WilliamJ .Lutter,GaryS .Fuis,CliffordH .Thurberetal,1999,TomographicimagesoftheuppercrustfromtheLosAngelesbasintotheMojaveDesert,California:ResultsfromtheLosAngelesRegionSeismicExperiment,JournalofGeophysicalResearch,104,25543～25565.
中国地震局地球物理勘探中心,2002,福州市活断层试验性探测浅层地震勘探工作报告。
中国地震局地球物理勘探中心,2002,福州市活断层控制性探测浅层地震勘探工作报告。
佃荣吉,2002,日本活断层研究中心简介,国际地震动态,3,26～27。
方盛明、张先康、刘保金等,2002,探测大城市活断层的地球物理方法,地震地质,24(4),606～607。
刘保金、赵成斌、冷新荣,1994,不同地区工程勘察的高分辨率地震反射探查[J].西北地震学报,21(1),55～61。
刘保金、张先康、朱金芳等,2002,城市活断层的高分辨率浅层地震数据采集技术,地震地质,24(4),524～532。
李庆忠,1993,走向精确勘探的道路,北京:石油工业出版社,61～70。
潘纪顺,2002,城市活断层高分辨率地震勘探研究,硕士学位论文,中国科学技术大学。
潘纪顺、刘保金、朱金芳等,2002,城市活断层高分辨率地震勘探震源对比试验研究,地震地质,24(4),533～541。
唐建人,2001,高分辨率地震勘探理论与实践,北京:石油工业出版社,7～8。
王庆海、徐明才,1991,抗干扰高分辨率浅层地震勘探,北京:地质出版社,165～170。
俞寿朋,1993,高分辨率地震勘探,北京:石油工业出版社,83～110。
P .L .汉考克【英】、R .S .耶茨【美】等著,1992,活断层特性,北京:地震出版社。
中国地震局赴土耳其地震现场考察专家组,2000,伊兹米特地震的几点启示,国际地震动态,1,24～27。
Sharpe,J .A .,1942,TheproductionofelasticwavesbyexplosionpressureI,Theoryandempiricalfieldobservations,Geophysics,7,144～154.
YilmazO .Z .,2001,Seismicdataanalysis,SocietyofExplorationGeophysicsts,VolumeI,25～150.
WilliamJ .Lutter,GaryS .Fuis,CliffordH .Thurberetal,1999,TomographicimagesoftheuppercrustfromtheLosAngelesbasintotheMojaveDesert,California:ResultsfromtheLosAngelesRegionSeismicExperiment,JournalofGeophysicalResearch,104,25543～25565.
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