构造应力场中的大断面隧道结构地震反应研究
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摘要
构造应力场下围岩级别对大断面隧道地震响应影响一直是学术界和工程界的关键科学问题.以新建贵广客运专线油竹山双线隧道为依托,采用三维数值模拟,研究竖向、水平地震荷载同时激励下隧道衬砌动力响应.衬砌以水平速度为主,竖向速度约为水平速度三分之一,随着围岩强度降低,振动速度越来越小,岩体地震作用下易于破坏,起到吸震作用.速度、加速度、变形峰值发生时刻均滞后相应方向的地震波加速度激励峰值时刻.衬砌水平、竖向最大加速度差异较大,放大系数在2.5～5.3之间.随着地震时间延长,变形持续增加,围岩强度降低对结构约束作用减弱.对于围岩较好的隧道,衬砌以震动破坏为主,设计宜采用高标号抗震混凝土;而较差围岩隧道,以衬砌发生较大剪切变形破坏为主,设计阶段应加大配筋率,防止其受剪(拉)破坏.
Seismic response of large section tunnel with different classification of surrounding rock in tectonic geo-stress has been a key scientific problem on.By taking on Youzhu Mountain tunnel on Guiyang-Guangzhou high-speed passenger rail line,three-dimensional numerical simulation was carried out to investigate the dynamic response of lining.The results suggest that the maximum horizontal velocity is three times the vertical velocity under the vertical and horizontal seismic loads.The maximum horizontal acceleration is different from that of the vertical.The amplification is in the range between 2.5 and 5.3.With the rock strength reducal,rock mass is prone to damages and the vibration velocity is less.With time,the deformation is more and confinement effect of surrounding rock weakens.In teams of preferable rock mass,the lining of the tunnel is subjected to damaging vibration.Consequently,high grade concrete should be performed.For bad rock mass,the lining bears shearing deformation damage.The reinforcement ratio of lining should be improved to avoid shearing and tensile failure.
Seismic response of large section tunnel with different classification of surrounding rock in tectonic geo-stress has been a key scientific problem on.By taking on Youzhu Mountain tunnel on Guiyang-Guangzhou high-speed passenger rail line,three-dimensional numerical simulation was carried out to investigate the dynamic response of lining.The results suggest that the maximum horizontal velocity is three times the vertical velocity under the vertical and horizontal seismic loads.The maximum horizontal acceleration is different from that of the vertical.The amplification is in the range between 2.5 and 5.3.With the rock strength reducal,rock mass is prone to damages and the vibration velocity is less.With time,the deformation is more and confinement effect of surrounding rock weakens.In teams of preferable rock mass,the lining of the tunnel is subjected to damaging vibration.Consequently,high grade concrete should be performed.For bad rock mass,the lining bears shearing deformation damage.The reinforcement ratio of lining should be improved to avoid shearing and tensile failure.
引文
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[2]赵鸿铁,张风亮,薛建阳,等.探讨木结构古建筑结构模型固有频率的几种计算方法[J].西安建筑科技大学学报:自然科学版,2012,44(2):159-163.ZHAO Hong-tie,ZHANG Feng-liang,XUE Jian-yang,et al.Discussion on the calculation methods of ancient timber structure's nature frequency[J].J.Xi′an Univ.of Arch.&Tech.:Natural Science Edition,2012,44(2):159-163.
[3]程选生,郑颖人.地震作用下无衬砌黄土隧道围岩结构安全系数的计算探讨[J].岩土力学,2011,32(2):761-766.CHENG Xuan-sheng,ZHENG Ying-ren.Calculation discussion about safety factor of unlined loess tunnel wall rock structure under earthquake[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2011,32(2):761-766.
[4]王峥峥,王正松,高波.高烈度地震区连拱隧道洞口段抗震措施研究[J].中国公路学报,2011,24(6),80-85.WANG Zheng-zheng,WANG Zheng-song,GAO Bo.Research on seismic measures of double-arch tunnel portals in high-intensity earthquake zone[J].China Journal of Highway and Transport,2011,24(6),80-85.
[5]蒋树屏,文栋良,郑升宝.嘎隆拉隧道洞口段地震响应大型振动台模型试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2011,30(4),649-656.JIANG Shu-ping,WEN Dong-liang,ZHENG Sheng-bao.Large-scale shaking table test for seismic response in portal section of galongla tunnel[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2011,30(4),649-656.
[6]李廷春,殷允腾.汶川地震中隧道结构的震害分析[J].工程爆破,2011,17(1),24-27.LI Ting-chun,YIN Yun-teng.Seismic damage analysis of tunnel structure in wenchuan earthquake[J].Engineering Blasting,2011,17(1),24-27.
[7]孟陆波,李天斌,曾知法,等.隧道震裂岩体围岩分级方法初探[J].现代隧道技术,2012,49(1),27-32.MENG Lu-bo,LI Tian-bin,ZENG Zhi-fa,et al.Discussion of surrounding rock classification for tunnels in shattered rock masses[J].Modern Tunnelling Technology,2012,49(1),27-32.
[8]方林,蒋树屏,林志,等.穿越断层隧道振动台模型试验研究[J].岩土力学,2011,32(9),2709-2713.FANG Lin,JIANG Shu-ping,LIN Zhi,et al.Shaking table model test study of tunnel through fault[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2011,32(9),2709-2713.
[9]佘芳涛,邵生俊,杨素新.可液化土层隧道围岩的动力响应及液化区发展分析[J].地震工程与工程振动,2011,31(3),11-17.SHE Fang-tao,SHAO Sheng-jun,YANG Su-xin.Analysis of dynamic responses and liquefaction area development of tunnel peripheral rock in saturated liquefiable soil[J].Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,2011,31(3),11-17.
[10]Cheng-Hsun Chen,Tai-Tien Wang,Fu-Shu Jeng,et al.Mechanisms causing seismic damage of tunnels at different depths[J].Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology,2012(28):31-40.
[11]Ulas Cilingir S P.Gopal Madabhushi.A model study on the effects of input motion on the seismic behaviour of tunnels[J].Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering,2011,31(3):452-462.
[12]鲁文妍,钟登华,佟大威,等.基于三维地质模型的地下洞室群地震动力响应分析[J].岩土力学,2012,33(3):919-924.LU Wen-yan,ZHONG Deng-hua,TONG Da-wei,et al.Dynamic response analysis of underground cavern group based on 3Dgeologic model[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2012,33(3):919-924.
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