高速铁路桥梁方向脉冲型近断层地震反应分析
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摘要
研究目的:近年来,近断层地震对桥梁响应的影响日益引起研究者的注意,现有铁路规范对近断层效应的考虑较少。为研究方向速度脉冲效应对高速铁路桥梁地震响应的影响,基于Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center(PEER),Next Generation Attenuation Relationships for Western US(NGA West)强震数据库,采用ANSYS分析软件、ANSYS-APDL语言和弯矩曲率关系计算程序,建立了高速铁路桥梁全桥模型,考虑了轨道不平顺的影响,计算了近/远断层地震作用下桥梁的弹塑性地震响应。研究结论:(1)相比于远断层地震以及非脉冲型地震,方向脉冲型近断层地震对短周期结构地震响应影响较大,会增加桥梁位移及内力响应,其滞回特性表现出荷载-变形曲线中间加强的特点,会增加桥梁的结构和非结构损伤;(2)由于近断层地震较大的竖向地震动会改变桥墩轴力,导致梁体竖向挠度比远断层地震增加较多,《铁路工程抗震设计规范》(GB 50111—2006)等规范规定竖向地震为横向的65%,会低估梁体竖向动力响应;(3)本文研究成果可以为高速铁路桥梁抗震设计提供参考,也为今后相关设计规范、标准的修订提供技术支持。
Research purposes: Recently,the more attentions have been paid to the influence of the near-fault ground motion on the dynamic response to bridge,but there is a little concerns about the near-fault ground motion effect in the current railway codes. To investigate the influence of the seismic response of the near-fault ground motion on high-speed railway bridge,by using the Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center(PEER),the Next Generation Attenuation Relationships for Western US(NGA West) strong ground motion database,the ANSYS software,the ANSYS-APDL language and the moment-curvature program,the finite element model for the multi-span simply-supported bridge of the high-speed railway was built on consideration of the influence of the track irregularity to calculate the elastic-plastic seismic responses of bridge subjected to the near / far-fault ground motions.Research conclusions:(1) Compared with far-fault ground motion and non-pulse-like motion,the directivity pulse-like Near-fault ground motion had a big influence on the seismic responses on the short-period structure,increased the displacement response of inelastic bridge structures and it also increased the structural and nonstructural damage because the hysteretic properties of the near-fault directivity pulse-type earthquake was characterized by the central strengthened hysteretic cycles.(2) The big vertical acceleration of near-fault directivity pulse-like motion could notably change the axial load of the bridge piers,resulting in big increase of vertical deflection in the mid-span of girder,but the vertical earthquake force is specified as 65% of the lateral earthquake in the《Code for Seismic Design of Railway Engineering 》(GB 50111-2006) and it causes the smaller vertical deflection in the girder.(3) The calculation results could provide the reference to the seismic design of high-speed railway bridge,and provide the technical support for the revisions of the design specifications and standards.
Research purposes: Recently,the more attentions have been paid to the influence of the near-fault ground motion on the dynamic response to bridge,but there is a little concerns about the near-fault ground motion effect in the current railway codes. To investigate the influence of the seismic response of the near-fault ground motion on high-speed railway bridge,by using the Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center(PEER),the Next Generation Attenuation Relationships for Western US(NGA West) strong ground motion database,the ANSYS software,the ANSYS-APDL language and the moment-curvature program,the finite element model for the multi-span simply-supported bridge of the high-speed railway was built on consideration of the influence of the track irregularity to calculate the elastic-plastic seismic responses of bridge subjected to the near / far-fault ground motions.Research conclusions:(1) Compared with far-fault ground motion and non-pulse-like motion,the directivity pulse-like Near-fault ground motion had a big influence on the seismic responses on the short-period structure,increased the displacement response of inelastic bridge structures and it also increased the structural and nonstructural damage because the hysteretic properties of the near-fault directivity pulse-type earthquake was characterized by the central strengthened hysteretic cycles.(2) The big vertical acceleration of near-fault directivity pulse-like motion could notably change the axial load of the bridge piers,resulting in big increase of vertical deflection in the mid-span of girder,but the vertical earthquake force is specified as 65% of the lateral earthquake in the《Code for Seismic Design of Railway Engineering 》(GB 50111-2006) and it causes the smaller vertical deflection in the girder.(3) The calculation results could provide the reference to the seismic design of high-speed railway bridge,and provide the technical support for the revisions of the design specifications and standards.
引文
[1]Somerville P G,Smith N F,Graves R W,etc.Modification of Empirical Strong Ground Motion Attenuation Relations to Include the Amplitude and Duration Effects of Rupture Directivity[J].Seismological Research Letters,1997(1):199-222.
[2]Alavi B and Krawinkler H.Consideration of Nearfault Ground Motion Effects in Seismic Design[C]//12th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering,No.2665,Auckland,New Zealand,2000.
[3]Choi H,Saiidi M,P.G.Somerville etc.Bridge Seismic Analysis Procedure to Address Near-Fault Effects[C]//Proceedings Caltrans Bridge Research Conference,Calif.Transportation Foundation and Calif.Dept.of Transportation,Sacramento,California,2005.
[4]Alireza Mortezaei and Hamid Reza Ronagh.Plastic Hinge Length of Reinforced Concrete Columns Subjected to Both Far-fault and Near-fault Ground Motions Having Forward Directivity[J].The Structural Design of Tall and Special Buildings,2013(12):903-926.
[5]Makris N and Black C.Dimensional Analysis of Rigidplastic and Elastoplastic Structures under Pulse-type Excitations[J].Journal Engineering Mechanics,2004(9):1006-1018.
[6]Mavroeidis G P,Dong G and Papageorgiou A S.NearFault Ground Motions,and the Response of Elastic and Inelastic Single-degree-of-freedom(SDOF)Systems[J].Earthquake Engineering&Structural Dynamics,2004(9):1023-1049.
[7]陈令坤,蒋丽忠,余志武,等.高速铁路简支梁桥地震反应特性研究[J].振动与冲击,2011(12):216-222.Chen Lingkun,Jiang Lizhong,Yu Zhiwu,etc.Study on Earthquake Characteristics of High-speed Railway Simply-supported Girder Bridge[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2011(12):216-222.
[8]陈令坤,蒋丽忠,余志武,等.高速铁路桥梁圆端形墩地震反应数值分析[J].湖南大学学报(自然科学版).2012(4):19-25.Chen Lingkun,Jiang Lizhong,Yu Zhiwu,etc.Numerical Analysis of Seismic Responses of High-speed Railway Bridge Round-ended Piers[J].Journal of Hunan University(Natural Sciences).2012(4):19-25.
[9]陈琦.荷麻溪大桥动力特性与地震反应谱分析[J].铁道工程学报,2010(5):22-34.Chen Qi.Analyses of Dynamic Characteristics and Seismic Response Spectrum of Hemaxi Bridge[J].Journal of Railway Engineering Society,2010(5):22-34.
[10]朱孟君.双塔单索面部分斜拉桥模态与地震反应分析[J].铁道工程学报,2009(10):37-40.Zhu Mengjun.Analyses of Modal and Earthquake Response of Twin Towers Single Cable-stayed Bridge[J].Journal of Railway Engineering Society,2009(10):37-40.
[11]Baker J W.Quantitative Classification of Near-fault Ground Motions Using Wavelet Analysis[J].Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America,2007(5):1486-1501.
[12]Applied Technology Council.Quantification of Building Seismic Performance Factors,ATC-63 Project Report(FEMA P695)[R].Redwood City,CA:FEMA,2008.
[13]陈令坤.地震作用下高速铁路列车—无砟轨道—桥梁系统动力响应及走行安全研究[D].长沙:中南大学,2012.Chen Lingkun.Seismic Responses of High-speed Railway Train-ballastless Track-Bridge System and Train-running Safety During Earthquake[D].Changsha:Central South University,2012.
[14]GB 50111—2006,铁路工程抗震设计规范[S].GB 50111—2006,Code for Seismic Design of Railway Engineering[S].
[2]Alavi B and Krawinkler H.Consideration of Nearfault Ground Motion Effects in Seismic Design[C]//12th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering,No.2665,Auckland,New Zealand,2000.
[3]Choi H,Saiidi M,P.G.Somerville etc.Bridge Seismic Analysis Procedure to Address Near-Fault Effects[C]//Proceedings Caltrans Bridge Research Conference,Calif.Transportation Foundation and Calif.Dept.of Transportation,Sacramento,California,2005.
[4]Alireza Mortezaei and Hamid Reza Ronagh.Plastic Hinge Length of Reinforced Concrete Columns Subjected to Both Far-fault and Near-fault Ground Motions Having Forward Directivity[J].The Structural Design of Tall and Special Buildings,2013(12):903-926.
[5]Makris N and Black C.Dimensional Analysis of Rigidplastic and Elastoplastic Structures under Pulse-type Excitations[J].Journal Engineering Mechanics,2004(9):1006-1018.
[6]Mavroeidis G P,Dong G and Papageorgiou A S.NearFault Ground Motions,and the Response of Elastic and Inelastic Single-degree-of-freedom(SDOF)Systems[J].Earthquake Engineering&Structural Dynamics,2004(9):1023-1049.
[7]陈令坤,蒋丽忠,余志武,等.高速铁路简支梁桥地震反应特性研究[J].振动与冲击,2011(12):216-222.Chen Lingkun,Jiang Lizhong,Yu Zhiwu,etc.Study on Earthquake Characteristics of High-speed Railway Simply-supported Girder Bridge[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2011(12):216-222.
[8]陈令坤,蒋丽忠,余志武,等.高速铁路桥梁圆端形墩地震反应数值分析[J].湖南大学学报(自然科学版).2012(4):19-25.Chen Lingkun,Jiang Lizhong,Yu Zhiwu,etc.Numerical Analysis of Seismic Responses of High-speed Railway Bridge Round-ended Piers[J].Journal of Hunan University(Natural Sciences).2012(4):19-25.
[9]陈琦.荷麻溪大桥动力特性与地震反应谱分析[J].铁道工程学报,2010(5):22-34.Chen Qi.Analyses of Dynamic Characteristics and Seismic Response Spectrum of Hemaxi Bridge[J].Journal of Railway Engineering Society,2010(5):22-34.
[10]朱孟君.双塔单索面部分斜拉桥模态与地震反应分析[J].铁道工程学报,2009(10):37-40.Zhu Mengjun.Analyses of Modal and Earthquake Response of Twin Towers Single Cable-stayed Bridge[J].Journal of Railway Engineering Society,2009(10):37-40.
[11]Baker J W.Quantitative Classification of Near-fault Ground Motions Using Wavelet Analysis[J].Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America,2007(5):1486-1501.
[12]Applied Technology Council.Quantification of Building Seismic Performance Factors,ATC-63 Project Report(FEMA P695)[R].Redwood City,CA:FEMA,2008.
[13]陈令坤.地震作用下高速铁路列车—无砟轨道—桥梁系统动力响应及走行安全研究[D].长沙:中南大学,2012.Chen Lingkun.Seismic Responses of High-speed Railway Train-ballastless Track-Bridge System and Train-running Safety During Earthquake[D].Changsha:Central South University,2012.
[14]GB 50111—2006,铁路工程抗震设计规范[S].GB 50111—2006,Code for Seismic Design of Railway Engineering[S].
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