基于地震区划图的一般桥梁工程设计地震动参数
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摘要
为了满足一般桥梁建设工程对50年超越概率5%(地震重现期975年)和50年超越概率2%(地震重现期2475年)下地震动加速度值的需求,该文以编制《中国地震动参数区划图》的数据为基础数据,计算了50年超越概率2%、50年超越概率5%和50年超越概率10%这3个概率水平下的谱加速度值(T=0.0s、0.2s、0.3s、1.0s),统计了50年超越概率2%谱加速度和50年超越概率5%谱加速度分别与50年超越概率10%谱加速度的比值在基岩场地和中硬场地条件下的均值及方差。结果表明:50年超越概率2%水平下的地震动加速度值与50年超越概率10%水平下的地震动加速度值之比的均值在基岩场地下为1.78~2.11,在中硬场地条件下为1.70~1.79;50年超越概率5%水平下的地震动加速度值与50年超越概率10%水平下的地震动加速度值之比的均值在基岩场地下为1.31~1.42,在中硬场地条件下为1.29~1.37。由于土层放大的非线性效应,中硬场地条件下比值的均值比基岩场地条件下稍小。利用K-S检验,发现比值可近似看成符合正态分布,因此可以使用比值的均值来换算50年超越概率2%和50年超越概率5%下的地震动加速度值。
In the general bridge constructions,the ground acceleration values for 5% probability of exceedance in 50a(5% P.E.in 50a)(return period of 975 years) and 2% probability of exceedance in 50a(2% P.E.in 50a)(return period of 2475 years) are required.In this article,we use the data sets used in the "National Seismic Zoning Map of China" to calculate respectively the spectral accelerations(T=0.0s,0.2s,0.3s,1.0s) for 2% P.E.in 50a,5% P.E.in 50a and 10% P.E.in 50a.We also do the statistical analyses on the ratios(R1) of ground accelerations for 2% P.E.in 50a to ground accelerations for 10% P.E.in 50a and the ratios(R2) of ground accelerations for 5% P.E.in 50a to ground accelerations for 10% P.E.in 50a,respectively.The means of R1 vary in the ranges of 1.78~2.11 for a hard-rock site and 1.70~1.97 for a firm soil site.The means of R2 vary in the ranges of 1.31~1.42 for a hard-rock site and 1.29~1.37 for a firm soil site.These results show that the means of ratio values for the firm soil site are smaller than the ones for the hard-rock site due to the nonlinear effect of firm soil.Finally,we test the distribution of ratios by using a K-S test,and find that the distribution of ratios approximately follows the Normal Distribution at the significant level of α=0.05.Therefore,the means of ratio values(R1,R2) can be used to convert the ground accelerations for 2% P.E.in 50a and 5% P.E.in 50a,respectively.
In the general bridge constructions,the ground acceleration values for 5% probability of exceedance in 50a(5% P.E.in 50a)(return period of 975 years) and 2% probability of exceedance in 50a(2% P.E.in 50a)(return period of 2475 years) are required.In this article,we use the data sets used in the "National Seismic Zoning Map of China" to calculate respectively the spectral accelerations(T=0.0s,0.2s,0.3s,1.0s) for 2% P.E.in 50a,5% P.E.in 50a and 10% P.E.in 50a.We also do the statistical analyses on the ratios(R1) of ground accelerations for 2% P.E.in 50a to ground accelerations for 10% P.E.in 50a and the ratios(R2) of ground accelerations for 5% P.E.in 50a to ground accelerations for 10% P.E.in 50a,respectively.The means of R1 vary in the ranges of 1.78~2.11 for a hard-rock site and 1.70~1.97 for a firm soil site.The means of R2 vary in the ranges of 1.31~1.42 for a hard-rock site and 1.29~1.37 for a firm soil site.These results show that the means of ratio values for the firm soil site are smaller than the ones for the hard-rock site due to the nonlinear effect of firm soil.Finally,we test the distribution of ratios by using a K-S test,and find that the distribution of ratios approximately follows the Normal Distribution at the significant level of α=0.05.Therefore,the means of ratio values(R1,R2) can be used to convert the ground accelerations for 2% P.E.in 50a and 5% P.E.in 50a,respectively.
引文
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[10]GB18306-2001,中国地震动参数区划图[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2001.GB 18306-2001,Seismic ground motion parameterzoning map of China[S].Beijing:China Standard Press,2001.(in Chinese)
[11]JTG/T B02-01-2008,公路桥梁抗震设计细则[S].北京:人民交通出版社,2008.JTG/T B02-01-2008,Guidelines for seismic design ofhighway bridges[S].Beijing:China CommunicationsPress,2008.(in Chinese)
[12]GB50111-2006,铁路工程抗震设计规范[S].北京:中国计划出版社,2006.GB 50111-2006,Code for seismic design of railwayengineering[S].Beijing:China Planning Press,2006.(inChinese)
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[14]雷建成.攀西地区不同风险水平下基岩地震动参数之间的关系[J].中国地震,2002,18(2):193―202.Lei Jiancheng.The relationship of hard-rock seismicground motion parameters with different exceedanceprobabilities in Panxi Area[J].Earthquake Research inChina,2002,18(2):193―202.(in Chinese)
[15]沈建文,石树中.大中小震与抗震设防标准[J].地震学报,2004,26(5):533―538.Shen Jianwen,Shi Shuzhong.Large,middle,smallearthquake and seismic fortification criterion[J].ActaSeismologica Sinica,2004,26(5):533―538.(inChinese)
[16]唐丽华,高孟潭,姜慧.新疆地区不同设防水准下设计地震动关系的研究[J].中国地震,2007,23(1):10―16.Tang Lihua,Gao Mengtan,Jiang Hui.Study onrelationship of design seismic ground motion of differentfortified levels in the Xinjiang region[J].EarthquakeResearch in China,2007,23(1):10―16.(in Chinese)
[17]雷建成,高孟潭,吕红山,等.四川及邻区不同风险水平下地震动峰值加速度的比值特征[J].地震学报,2010,32(5):588―600.Lei Jiancheng,Gao Mengtan,LüHongshan,et al.Ratiosbetween peak ground accelerations under differenthazard levels in Sichuan and adjacent region[J].ActaSeismologica Sinica,2010,32(5):588―600.(inChinese)
[18]鄢家全,陈家庚,高孟潭,等.抗震设防地震的概率标定[J].围际地震动态,2000(9):1―7.Yan Jiaquan,Chen Jiageng,Gao Mengtan,et al.Calibration of seismic probability in earthquakeresistance[J].Recent Developments in WorldSeismology,2000(9):1―7.(in Chinese)
[19]李金臣,潘华,吴健,等.不同超越概率水平PGA关系研究[J].震灾防御技术,2007,2(2):207―211.Li Jinchen,Pan Hua,Wu Jian,et al.Study onrelationship between peak ground acceleration anddifferent exceeding probability[J].Technology forEarthquake Disaster Prevention,2007,2(2):207―211.(in Chinese)
[20]高孟潭.新的国家地震区划图[J].地震学报,2003,25(6):630―636.Gao Mengtan.New national seismic zoning map ofChina[J].Acta Seismologica Sinica,2003,25(6):630―636.(in Chinese)
[21]汪素云,俞言祥,高阿甲,等.中国分区地震动衰减关系的确定[J].中国地震,2000,16(2):99―106.Wang Suyun,Yu Yanxiang,Gao Ajia,et al.Development of attenuation relations for ground motionin China[J].Earthquake Research in China,2000,16(2):99―106.(in Chinese)
[22]卢寿德,高孟潭,陈国星,等.GB177412005《工程场地地震安全性评价》宣贯教材[M].北京:中国标准出版社,2006:99.Lu Shoude,Gao Mengtan,Chen Guoxing,et al.Atutorial of GB17741 2005 seismic hazard assessment forsites[M].Beijing:China Standard Press,2006:99.(inChinese)
[23]Gibbons J D,Chakraborti S.Non-parametric statisticalinference[M].4th ed.Boca Raton,Fla:CRC Press,2003:111―120.
[24]FEMA 450.Recommended provisions for seismicregulations for new buildings and other structures(Part1:Provision)[S].Washington D C:Federal EmergencyManagement Agency,2003.
[2]王克海,李茜.桥梁抗震的研究进展[J].工程力学,2007,24(增刊):75―82.Wang Kehai,Li Qian.Research progress on aseismicdesign of bridges[J].Engineering Mechanics,2007,24(Suppl):75―82.(in Chinese)
[3]HB-17.Standard specifications for highway bridges[S].Washington,D.C.:American Association of StateHighway and Transportation Officials,2002.
[4]Euro-code 8,Design provisions for earthquake resistanceof structures-part2:Bridges.Brussels[S].Brussels:Committee European de Normalization,1994.
[5]日本道路协会.道路桥示方书.同解说ⅴ耐震性能篇[S].东京:日本道路协会,1996.Japan Road Association.Design specifications ofhighway bridges partⅴseismic design[S].Tokyo:Japan Road Association,1996.(in Japanese)
[6]Arthur Frankel,Charles Mueller,Theodore Barnhard,etal.National seismic-hazard maps:Documentation June1996[R].Denver:U.S.Geological Survey,1996.
[7]Arthur D Frankel,Mark D Petersen1,Charles S Mueller1,et al.Documentation for the 2002 update of the nationalseismic hazard maps[R].Denver:U.S.Geological Survey,2002.
[8]Mark D Petersen,Arthur D Frankel,Stephen C,et al.Documentation for the 2008 update of the nationalseismic hazard maps[R].Denver:U.S.Geological Survey,2008.
[9]胡聿贤.地震安全性评价技术教程[M].北京:地震出版社,1999:41.Hu Yuxian.A tutorial of the of seismic hazardassessment[M].Beijing:Earthquake Press,1999:41.(inChinese)
[10]GB18306-2001,中国地震动参数区划图[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2001.GB 18306-2001,Seismic ground motion parameterzoning map of China[S].Beijing:China Standard Press,2001.(in Chinese)
[11]JTG/T B02-01-2008,公路桥梁抗震设计细则[S].北京:人民交通出版社,2008.JTG/T B02-01-2008,Guidelines for seismic design ofhighway bridges[S].Beijing:China CommunicationsPress,2008.(in Chinese)
[12]GB50111-2006,铁路工程抗震设计规范[S].北京:中国计划出版社,2006.GB 50111-2006,Code for seismic design of railwayengineering[S].Beijing:China Planning Press,2006.(inChinese)
[13]高孟潭,韩炜.抗震设计中的大、中、小地震的确定[M].北京:地震出版社,1992:28―37.Gao Mengtan,Han Wei.Determination of large,middle,small earthquake in aseismic design[M].Beijing:Earthquake Press,1992:28―37.(in Chinese)
[14]雷建成.攀西地区不同风险水平下基岩地震动参数之间的关系[J].中国地震,2002,18(2):193―202.Lei Jiancheng.The relationship of hard-rock seismicground motion parameters with different exceedanceprobabilities in Panxi Area[J].Earthquake Research inChina,2002,18(2):193―202.(in Chinese)
[15]沈建文,石树中.大中小震与抗震设防标准[J].地震学报,2004,26(5):533―538.Shen Jianwen,Shi Shuzhong.Large,middle,smallearthquake and seismic fortification criterion[J].ActaSeismologica Sinica,2004,26(5):533―538.(inChinese)
[16]唐丽华,高孟潭,姜慧.新疆地区不同设防水准下设计地震动关系的研究[J].中国地震,2007,23(1):10―16.Tang Lihua,Gao Mengtan,Jiang Hui.Study onrelationship of design seismic ground motion of differentfortified levels in the Xinjiang region[J].EarthquakeResearch in China,2007,23(1):10―16.(in Chinese)
[17]雷建成,高孟潭,吕红山,等.四川及邻区不同风险水平下地震动峰值加速度的比值特征[J].地震学报,2010,32(5):588―600.Lei Jiancheng,Gao Mengtan,LüHongshan,et al.Ratiosbetween peak ground accelerations under differenthazard levels in Sichuan and adjacent region[J].ActaSeismologica Sinica,2010,32(5):588―600.(inChinese)
[18]鄢家全,陈家庚,高孟潭,等.抗震设防地震的概率标定[J].围际地震动态,2000(9):1―7.Yan Jiaquan,Chen Jiageng,Gao Mengtan,et al.Calibration of seismic probability in earthquakeresistance[J].Recent Developments in WorldSeismology,2000(9):1―7.(in Chinese)
[19]李金臣,潘华,吴健,等.不同超越概率水平PGA关系研究[J].震灾防御技术,2007,2(2):207―211.Li Jinchen,Pan Hua,Wu Jian,et al.Study onrelationship between peak ground acceleration anddifferent exceeding probability[J].Technology forEarthquake Disaster Prevention,2007,2(2):207―211.(in Chinese)
[20]高孟潭.新的国家地震区划图[J].地震学报,2003,25(6):630―636.Gao Mengtan.New national seismic zoning map ofChina[J].Acta Seismologica Sinica,2003,25(6):630―636.(in Chinese)
[21]汪素云,俞言祥,高阿甲,等.中国分区地震动衰减关系的确定[J].中国地震,2000,16(2):99―106.Wang Suyun,Yu Yanxiang,Gao Ajia,et al.Development of attenuation relations for ground motionin China[J].Earthquake Research in China,2000,16(2):99―106.(in Chinese)
[22]卢寿德,高孟潭,陈国星,等.GB177412005《工程场地地震安全性评价》宣贯教材[M].北京:中国标准出版社,2006:99.Lu Shoude,Gao Mengtan,Chen Guoxing,et al.Atutorial of GB17741 2005 seismic hazard assessment forsites[M].Beijing:China Standard Press,2006:99.(inChinese)
[23]Gibbons J D,Chakraborti S.Non-parametric statisticalinference[M].4th ed.Boca Raton,Fla:CRC Press,2003:111―120.
[24]FEMA 450.Recommended provisions for seismicregulations for new buildings and other structures(Part1:Provision)[S].Washington D C:Federal EmergencyManagement Agency,2003.
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