基于分层壳单元的现浇混凝土空心楼板数值模拟
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摘要
现浇混凝土空心楼板中由于存在不连续的孔洞,目前常采用的实体单元分析既复杂且计算效率低。分层壳单元根据组成材料的不同将壳分成多层,可考虑面内弯曲-面内剪切-面外弯曲之间的耦合作用,能够较全面地反映壳体结构的空间力学性能。该文在分层壳单元的基础上,通过设置2条对称的连续"空心层",根据面积和刚度相等原则,经计算得到"空心层"厚度和距截面中性轴的距离,并以此对分层壳单元各组成材料进行划分。通过与试验进行对比,数值模拟结果与试验结果吻合良好,表明该文提出的"空心层"分层壳单元具有较高的精度,能较准确的模拟混凝土空心楼板各项非线性力学性能,且建模方便具有很好的实用性,可运用于实际工程。
The complexity and low level of computational efficiency hinder the usage of solid elements when simulating cast-in-situ concrete hollow slabs, due to the existence of openings. The mechanical properties of shell structures in three dimensions, on the other hand, can be accurately captured by layered shell elements. This is primarily because the shell structure can be divided into layers according to the difference in material properties. In addition, layered shell elements are capable of representing the coupling effect between in-plane bending, in-plane shear and out-of-plane bending. In this study, two symmetric continuous hollow layers were employed. The thickness of hollow layers and the distance from the hollow layers to the natural axis were obtained based on the equality of area and stiffness. Furthermore, the distribution of component materials was determined. Results from numerical simulation match well with those from the tests. This study is expected to model nonlinear mechanical properties of cast-in-place concrete hollow slabs using layered shell elements with higher efficiency and accuracy.
The complexity and low level of computational efficiency hinder the usage of solid elements when simulating cast-in-situ concrete hollow slabs, due to the existence of openings. The mechanical properties of shell structures in three dimensions, on the other hand, can be accurately captured by layered shell elements. This is primarily because the shell structure can be divided into layers according to the difference in material properties. In addition, layered shell elements are capable of representing the coupling effect between in-plane bending, in-plane shear and out-of-plane bending. In this study, two symmetric continuous hollow layers were employed. The thickness of hollow layers and the distance from the hollow layers to the natural axis were obtained based on the equality of area and stiffness. Furthermore, the distribution of component materials was determined. Results from numerical simulation match well with those from the tests. This study is expected to model nonlinear mechanical properties of cast-in-place concrete hollow slabs using layered shell elements with higher efficiency and accuracy.
引文
[1]CECS175:2004,现浇混凝土空心楼盖结构技术规程[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2004.CECS175:2004,Technical specification for cast-in-situ concrete hollow floor structure[S].Beijing:China Building Industry Press,2004.(in Chinese)
[2]程志军,王晓锋.《现浇混凝土空心楼盖结构技术规程》(CECS175:2004)介绍[J].建筑结构,2006,36(3):87―90.Cheng Zhijun,Wang Xiaofeng.Brief introduction of technical specification for cact-in-situ concrete hollow floor structure(CECS175:2004)[J].Building Structures,2006,36(3):87―90.(in Chinese)
[3]周绪红,陈伟,吴方伯,黄海林,李骥原.混凝土双向密肋装配整体式空心楼盖刚度研究[J].建筑结构学报,2011,32(9):75―83.Zhou Xuhong,Chen Wei,Wu Fangbo,Huang Hailin,Li Jiyuan.Study on stiffness of assembled monolithic concrete hollow floor with two-way ribs[J].Journal of Building Structures,2011,32(9):75―83.(in Chinese)
[4]杨勇,曾苏生,聂建国,周现伟,霍旭东.钢板-轻骨料混凝土空心组合板受力性能试验研究[J].建筑结构学报,2010,31(11):92―101.Yang Yong,Zeng Susheng,Nie Jianguo,Zhou Xianwei,Huo Xudong.Experimental study on mechanical behavior of plain steel plate-light weight concrete hollow composite decks[J].Journal of Building Structures,2010,31(11):92―101.(in Chinese)
[5]全学友,孙会郎,王巍.现浇圆形管空心楼盖中单向模型板受力性能的试验研究[J].建筑结构学报,2005,26(5):53―59.Quan Xueyou,Sun Huilang,Wang Wei.Experimental study on mechanical properties of one-way model slab from cast-in-situ floor system with one-way cylindrical cavity[J].Journal of Building Structures,2005,26(5):53―59.(in Chinese)
[6]程远兵,程文瀼,党纪.边支承现浇混凝土蜂窝式空心双向板试验[J].东南大学学报(自然科学版),2007,37(2):217―221.Cheng Yuanbing,Cheng Wenrang,Dang Ji.Experiments of cast-in-situ concrete cellular voided two-way plates with edge support[J].Journal of Southeast University(Natural Science Edition),2007,37(2):217―221.(in Chinese)
[7]高志强.现浇混凝土空心楼盖分析与设计方法研究[D].上海:同济大学,2007.Gao Zhiqiang.Study on the analysis and design method of cast-in-site hollow concrete floor system[D].Shanghai:Tongji University,2007.(in Chinese)
[8]孙会郎.现浇混凝土空心楼盖受力性能研究[D].重庆:重庆大学,2004.Sun Huilang.Study on properties of cast-in-situ reinforce concrete hollow slab floor system[D].Chongqing:Chongqing University,2004.(in Chinese)
[9]Miao Z W,Lu X Z,Jiang J J,Ye L P.Nonlinear fe model for rc shear walls based on multi-layer shell element and microplane constitutive model[C].Computational Methods in Engineering and Science Epmesc X,Auguest21-23,Sanya,Hainan,China;Tsinghua University Press,2006,CD-ROM.
[10]陆新征,叶列平,缪志伟.建筑抗震弹塑性分析[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2009:163―169.Lu Xinzheng,Ye Lieping,Miao Zhiwei.Elasto-plastic analysis of buildings against earthquake[M].Beijing:China Building Industry Press,2009:163―169.(in Chinese)
[11]叶列平,陆新征,马千里,等.混凝土结构抗震非线性分析模型、方法及算例[J].工程力学,2006,23(增刊2):173―183.Ye Lieping,Lu Xinzheng,Ma Qianli,et al.Nonlinear analytical models,methods and examples for concrete structures subject to earthquake loading[J].Engineering Mechanics,2006,23(Suppl 2):173―183.(in Chinese)
[12]门俊,陆新征,宋二祥,等.分层壳单元在剪力墙结构计算中的应用[J].防护工程,2006,28(3):9―13.Men Jun,Lu Xinzheng,Song Erxiang,et al.Application of layered model in analysis of shear wall structures[J].Protective Engineering,2006,28(3):9―13.(in Chinese)
[13]林旭川,陆新征,缪志伟,等.基于分层壳单元的RC核心筒结构有限元分析和工程应用[J].土木工程学报,2009,42(3):51―56.Lin Xuchuan,Lu Xinzheng,Miao Zhiwei.Finite element analysis and engineering application of RC core-tube structures based on the multi-layer shell elements[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,2009,42(3):51―56.(in Chinese)
[14]汪训流,陆新征,叶列平.往复荷载下钢筋混凝土柱受力性能的数值模拟[J].工程力学,2007,24(12):76―81.Wang Xunliu,Lu Xinzheng,Ye Lieping.Numerical simulation for the hysteresis behavior of rc columns under cyclic loads[J].Engineering Mechanics,2007,24(12):76―81.(in Chinese)
[15]卢啸,陆新征,张万开,叶列平.特大地震下超高层建筑的倒塌模拟[J].中国科学:技术科学,2011,41(11):1405―1416.Lu Xiao,Lu Xinzheng,Zhang Wankai,Ye Lieping.Collapse simulation of a super high-rise building subjected to extremely strong earthquakes[J].Science China Technology Science,2011,41(11):1405―1416.(in Chinese)
[2]程志军,王晓锋.《现浇混凝土空心楼盖结构技术规程》(CECS175:2004)介绍[J].建筑结构,2006,36(3):87―90.Cheng Zhijun,Wang Xiaofeng.Brief introduction of technical specification for cact-in-situ concrete hollow floor structure(CECS175:2004)[J].Building Structures,2006,36(3):87―90.(in Chinese)
[3]周绪红,陈伟,吴方伯,黄海林,李骥原.混凝土双向密肋装配整体式空心楼盖刚度研究[J].建筑结构学报,2011,32(9):75―83.Zhou Xuhong,Chen Wei,Wu Fangbo,Huang Hailin,Li Jiyuan.Study on stiffness of assembled monolithic concrete hollow floor with two-way ribs[J].Journal of Building Structures,2011,32(9):75―83.(in Chinese)
[4]杨勇,曾苏生,聂建国,周现伟,霍旭东.钢板-轻骨料混凝土空心组合板受力性能试验研究[J].建筑结构学报,2010,31(11):92―101.Yang Yong,Zeng Susheng,Nie Jianguo,Zhou Xianwei,Huo Xudong.Experimental study on mechanical behavior of plain steel plate-light weight concrete hollow composite decks[J].Journal of Building Structures,2010,31(11):92―101.(in Chinese)
[5]全学友,孙会郎,王巍.现浇圆形管空心楼盖中单向模型板受力性能的试验研究[J].建筑结构学报,2005,26(5):53―59.Quan Xueyou,Sun Huilang,Wang Wei.Experimental study on mechanical properties of one-way model slab from cast-in-situ floor system with one-way cylindrical cavity[J].Journal of Building Structures,2005,26(5):53―59.(in Chinese)
[6]程远兵,程文瀼,党纪.边支承现浇混凝土蜂窝式空心双向板试验[J].东南大学学报(自然科学版),2007,37(2):217―221.Cheng Yuanbing,Cheng Wenrang,Dang Ji.Experiments of cast-in-situ concrete cellular voided two-way plates with edge support[J].Journal of Southeast University(Natural Science Edition),2007,37(2):217―221.(in Chinese)
[7]高志强.现浇混凝土空心楼盖分析与设计方法研究[D].上海:同济大学,2007.Gao Zhiqiang.Study on the analysis and design method of cast-in-site hollow concrete floor system[D].Shanghai:Tongji University,2007.(in Chinese)
[8]孙会郎.现浇混凝土空心楼盖受力性能研究[D].重庆:重庆大学,2004.Sun Huilang.Study on properties of cast-in-situ reinforce concrete hollow slab floor system[D].Chongqing:Chongqing University,2004.(in Chinese)
[9]Miao Z W,Lu X Z,Jiang J J,Ye L P.Nonlinear fe model for rc shear walls based on multi-layer shell element and microplane constitutive model[C].Computational Methods in Engineering and Science Epmesc X,Auguest21-23,Sanya,Hainan,China;Tsinghua University Press,2006,CD-ROM.
[10]陆新征,叶列平,缪志伟.建筑抗震弹塑性分析[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2009:163―169.Lu Xinzheng,Ye Lieping,Miao Zhiwei.Elasto-plastic analysis of buildings against earthquake[M].Beijing:China Building Industry Press,2009:163―169.(in Chinese)
[11]叶列平,陆新征,马千里,等.混凝土结构抗震非线性分析模型、方法及算例[J].工程力学,2006,23(增刊2):173―183.Ye Lieping,Lu Xinzheng,Ma Qianli,et al.Nonlinear analytical models,methods and examples for concrete structures subject to earthquake loading[J].Engineering Mechanics,2006,23(Suppl 2):173―183.(in Chinese)
[12]门俊,陆新征,宋二祥,等.分层壳单元在剪力墙结构计算中的应用[J].防护工程,2006,28(3):9―13.Men Jun,Lu Xinzheng,Song Erxiang,et al.Application of layered model in analysis of shear wall structures[J].Protective Engineering,2006,28(3):9―13.(in Chinese)
[13]林旭川,陆新征,缪志伟,等.基于分层壳单元的RC核心筒结构有限元分析和工程应用[J].土木工程学报,2009,42(3):51―56.Lin Xuchuan,Lu Xinzheng,Miao Zhiwei.Finite element analysis and engineering application of RC core-tube structures based on the multi-layer shell elements[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,2009,42(3):51―56.(in Chinese)
[14]汪训流,陆新征,叶列平.往复荷载下钢筋混凝土柱受力性能的数值模拟[J].工程力学,2007,24(12):76―81.Wang Xunliu,Lu Xinzheng,Ye Lieping.Numerical simulation for the hysteresis behavior of rc columns under cyclic loads[J].Engineering Mechanics,2007,24(12):76―81.(in Chinese)
[15]卢啸,陆新征,张万开,叶列平.特大地震下超高层建筑的倒塌模拟[J].中国科学:技术科学,2011,41(11):1405―1416.Lu Xiao,Lu Xinzheng,Zhang Wankai,Ye Lieping.Collapse simulation of a super high-rise building subjected to extremely strong earthquakes[J].Science China Technology Science,2011,41(11):1405―1416.(in Chinese)
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