水压对岩体的破坏作用及深部巷道底板增压突水试验研究
|
摘要
我国煤炭开采向深部快速发展,高承压水对非常规条件下岩体的破坏作用复杂化,突水事故日益严重。为了研究水压对岩体的破坏及突水发生的机理,进行了水压对岩体的破坏及弱化作用的力学计算,实施了深部破碎岩体巷道底板的增压注水试验并观测了巷道突水的工程响应,通过计算及试验综合分析,认为水压可降低岩体的抗压、抗剪强度,减小有效承载应力。但是自然水压对岩体非贯通裂隙的破坏作用有限,一旦形成贯通裂隙,则情况发生变化,不仅水压对岩体的劈裂、挤入作用加强,还会通过冲刷作用加重、加快岩体的破坏,并使岩体向受拉状态演变直至发生灾变;同时根据突水过程及岩体的物性变化特点,验证了深部条件下的突水滞后性和突变性的规律。
The mining depth in our country is larger than before rapidly,the destructive effect of high pressure water on rock under unconventional conditions and the water-inrush accidents increase seriously. To study the water pressure on rock failure and the mechanism of water inrush,mechanical calculation were carried out for the deformation and weakening action of water pressure to rock,and water injection test were also carried out in roadway floor in deep fractured rock. Engineering response of the water-inrush was observed.Through comprehensive analysis,it was thought that the water pressure can reduce strength of the rock,and can reduce the effective bearing stress. But the influences of natural water pressure on non-through crack rock-mass is limited,once the connected fissures are formed,the influences of water pressure to rock are enhanced,including splitting and crowd-in effect,the action of current scour can also deteriorate and speed up the deformation of rock body,then the rock is in tension gradually,finally disaster and danger are initiated. The mutability and retardance of water-inrush in deep condition were also verified according to the characteristics of water-inrush process and physical properties changes of rock.
The mining depth in our country is larger than before rapidly,the destructive effect of high pressure water on rock under unconventional conditions and the water-inrush accidents increase seriously. To study the water pressure on rock failure and the mechanism of water inrush,mechanical calculation were carried out for the deformation and weakening action of water pressure to rock,and water injection test were also carried out in roadway floor in deep fractured rock. Engineering response of the water-inrush was observed.Through comprehensive analysis,it was thought that the water pressure can reduce strength of the rock,and can reduce the effective bearing stress. But the influences of natural water pressure on non-through crack rock-mass is limited,once the connected fissures are formed,the influences of water pressure to rock are enhanced,including splitting and crowd-in effect,the action of current scour can also deteriorate and speed up the deformation of rock body,then the rock is in tension gradually,finally disaster and danger are initiated. The mutability and retardance of water-inrush in deep condition were also verified according to the characteristics of water-inrush process and physical properties changes of rock.
引文
[1]王连国,宋扬.底板突水煤层的突变学特征[J].中国安全科学学报,1999,9(5):10-13.
[2]虎维岳,尹尚先.采煤工作面底板突水灾害发生的采掘扰动力学机制[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2010,29(S1):3344-3347.
[3]尹立明.深部煤层开采底板突水机理基础实验研究[D].青岛:山东科技大学,2011.
[4]李昂.带压开采下底板渗流与应力耦合破坏突水机理及其工程应用[D].西安:西安科技大学,2012.
[5]韩亮.龙门山断裂脆塑性转化带内花岗岩的流体特征与裂缝愈合的实验模拟研究[D].北京:中国地震局地质研究所,2012.
[6]李子林.大采深条件下徐、奥灰突水机理及防治技术研究——以潘西煤矿为例[D].青岛:山东科技大学,2007.
[7]张金才,张玉卓,刘天泉.岩体渗流与煤层底板突水[M].北京:地质出版社,1997.
[8]刘高,聂德新,韩文峰.高应力软岩巷道围岩变形破坏研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2000,19(6):726-730.
[9]宋振骐,彭林军,赵晓东.煤矿底板突水事故预测控制的岩层动力信息系统[J].西北煤炭,2008,6(2):3-5.
[10]赵海军,马凤山,丁德民,等.采动影响下巷道变形机理与破坏模式[J].煤炭学报,2009,34(5):599-602.
[11]陈新明.大埋深复杂水文地质条件工作面防治水技术研究[D].北京:中国矿业大学(北京),2012.
[12]徐智敏.深部开采底板破坏及高承压突水模式、前兆与防治[D].徐州:中国矿业大学,2010.
[13]曹胜根,姚强岭,王福海,等.承压水体上采煤底板突水危险性分析与治理[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2010,27(3):346-351.
[14]肖同强.深部构造应力作用下厚煤层巷道围岩稳定与控制研究[D].徐州:中国矿业大学,2011.
[15]姜耀东,刘文岗,赵毅鑫,等.开滦矿区深部开采中巷道围岩稳定性研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2005,24(11):1857-1862.
[16]张永强.峰峰煤田万年矿带压开采研究[D].石家庄:石家庄经济学院,2008.
[17]李兴高.底板破坏型突水机理研究[D].泰安:山东科技大学,2000.
[2]虎维岳,尹尚先.采煤工作面底板突水灾害发生的采掘扰动力学机制[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2010,29(S1):3344-3347.
[3]尹立明.深部煤层开采底板突水机理基础实验研究[D].青岛:山东科技大学,2011.
[4]李昂.带压开采下底板渗流与应力耦合破坏突水机理及其工程应用[D].西安:西安科技大学,2012.
[5]韩亮.龙门山断裂脆塑性转化带内花岗岩的流体特征与裂缝愈合的实验模拟研究[D].北京:中国地震局地质研究所,2012.
[6]李子林.大采深条件下徐、奥灰突水机理及防治技术研究——以潘西煤矿为例[D].青岛:山东科技大学,2007.
[7]张金才,张玉卓,刘天泉.岩体渗流与煤层底板突水[M].北京:地质出版社,1997.
[8]刘高,聂德新,韩文峰.高应力软岩巷道围岩变形破坏研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2000,19(6):726-730.
[9]宋振骐,彭林军,赵晓东.煤矿底板突水事故预测控制的岩层动力信息系统[J].西北煤炭,2008,6(2):3-5.
[10]赵海军,马凤山,丁德民,等.采动影响下巷道变形机理与破坏模式[J].煤炭学报,2009,34(5):599-602.
[11]陈新明.大埋深复杂水文地质条件工作面防治水技术研究[D].北京:中国矿业大学(北京),2012.
[12]徐智敏.深部开采底板破坏及高承压突水模式、前兆与防治[D].徐州:中国矿业大学,2010.
[13]曹胜根,姚强岭,王福海,等.承压水体上采煤底板突水危险性分析与治理[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2010,27(3):346-351.
[14]肖同强.深部构造应力作用下厚煤层巷道围岩稳定与控制研究[D].徐州:中国矿业大学,2011.
[15]姜耀东,刘文岗,赵毅鑫,等.开滦矿区深部开采中巷道围岩稳定性研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2005,24(11):1857-1862.
[16]张永强.峰峰煤田万年矿带压开采研究[D].石家庄:石家庄经济学院,2008.
[17]李兴高.底板破坏型突水机理研究[D].泰安:山东科技大学,2000.
版权所有：© 2023 中国地质图书馆 中国地质调查局地学文献中心