汶川大地震都江堰市白沙河堰塞湖工程地质力学分析
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摘要
"5.12"汶川大地震引发了大量的直接和次生地质灾害,其中由于地震造成的堰塞湖是一种典型的次生地质灾害。结合都江堰市白沙河无人区的3个堰塞湖(枷担湾、窑子沟和关门山)现场工程地质调查结果和区域内的工程地质条件,对堰塞湖的形成过程和现状进行相关分析,分析表明:堰塞湖是由于地震引发的山体滑坡堵江而形成的,由于山体滑坡方量大,迅速从河谷一侧冲向另一侧,因而形成了一侧高、另一侧低的堰塞坝体型。然后对堰塞坝的渗透稳定性和库岸边坡稳定性进行了分析,结合现场堰塞湖的应急处理措施,给出了白沙河无人区3个堰塞湖的后续治理建议。在治理枷担湾堰塞湖和窑子沟堰塞湖的同时,对关门山堰塞湖也应进行相应处理。
Barrier lakes caused by Wenchuan earthquake is a typical secondary geological disasters.Based on the site engineering geological findings and regional engineering geological conditions of three barrier lakes of Jiadanwan,Yaozigou,and Guanmenshan,located in Baisha river no-man's land,the formation and status of the barrier lakes,were analyzed.The results showed that barrier lake are a result of the earthquake triggered landslides walling up river,due to landslide volume is huge,and quickly dashed from the side to the other side of the valley,creating a barrier lake with one high side and another low side.Then the seepage stability of barrier lake dam and the slope stability of reservoir banks were analyzed,combined with the scene emergency treatment measures of the barrier lake.Some recommendations for dealing with the three barrier lake were put forward.The Jiadanwan barrier lake and Yaozigou barrier lake should be treated,at the same time the Guanmenshan barrier lake should also be corresponding treatment.
Barrier lakes caused by Wenchuan earthquake is a typical secondary geological disasters.Based on the site engineering geological findings and regional engineering geological conditions of three barrier lakes of Jiadanwan,Yaozigou,and Guanmenshan,located in Baisha river no-man's land,the formation and status of the barrier lakes,were analyzed.The results showed that barrier lake are a result of the earthquake triggered landslides walling up river,due to landslide volume is huge,and quickly dashed from the side to the other side of the valley,creating a barrier lake with one high side and another low side.Then the seepage stability of barrier lake dam and the slope stability of reservoir banks were analyzed,combined with the scene emergency treatment measures of the barrier lake.Some recommendations for dealing with the three barrier lake were put forward.The Jiadanwan barrier lake and Yaozigou barrier lake should be treated,at the same time the Guanmenshan barrier lake should also be corresponding treatment.
引文
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[3]黄润秋,许强.中国典型灾难性滑坡[M].北京:科学出版社,2008.
[4]Xie Heping,Deng Jianhui,Tai Jiajia,et al.Wenchuan largeearthquake and post-earthquake reconstruction-relatedgeotechnical problems[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Me-chanics and Engineering,2008,27(09):1781-1791.[谢和平,邓建辉,台佳佳,等.汶川大地震灾害与灾区重建的岩土工程问题[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2008,27(09):1781-1791.]
[5]Xu Qiang,Huang Runqiu.Kinetics charateristics of largelandslides triggered By 5.12 Wenchuan earthquake[J].Journal of Engineering Geology,2008,16(6):721-729.[许强,黄润秋.5.12汶川大地震诱发大型崩滑灾害动力特征初探[J].工程地质学报,2008,16(6):721-729.]
[6]Yang Zhifa,Zhao Rubin,Wang Jing,et al.Earthquake-in-duced geological hazards in west of Anxian county and con-siderations of engineering geomechanical problems[J].Chi-nese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2008,27(9):1 807-1 813.[杨志法,赵汝斌,王靖,等.安县西部地震次生地质灾害及工程地质力学问题思考[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2008,27(9):1 807-1 813.]
[7]Liu Weiguo,Shen Junhui,Jia Liujie,et al.An investigationon Tianjiaba landslide in Qingchuan county induced by the“5.12”Wenchuan earthquake[J].Bulletin of Soil and Wa-ter Conservation,2008,28(6):102-104.[刘维国,沈军辉,贾留杰,等.5.12汶川地震诱发青川县田家坝滑坡调查[J].水土保持通报,2008,28(6):102-104.]
[8]Wu Zhenhan,Zhang Zuochen.Types of seismic and geolog-ical hazards caused by the Ms8.0 Wenchuan earthquake[J].Acta Geologica Sinica,2008,82(12):1 747-1 757.[吴珍汉,张作辰.汶川8级地震地质灾害的类型及实例[J].地质学报,2008,82(12):1 747-1 757.]
[9]Li Hongnan,Xiao Shiyun,Huo Linsheng.Damage investiga-tion and analysis of engineering structures in the Wenchuanearthquake[J].Journal of Building Structures,2008,29(4):10-19.[李宏男,肖诗云,霍林生.汶川地震震害调查与启示[J].建筑结构学报,2008,29(4):10-19.]
[10]Wang Yunsheng,Luo Yonghong,Ji Feng,et al.Analysis ofthe controlling factors on geo-hazards in mountainous epicen-ter zones of the Wenchuan earthquake[J].Journal of Engi-neering Geology,2008,16(6):759-763.[王运生,罗永红,吉峰,等.汶川大地震山地灾害发育的控制因素分析[J].工程地质学报,2008,16(6):759-763.]
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