荷载非对称分布下单层球壳的动力倒塌振动台试验研究
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摘要
为验证荷载非对称分布下网壳结构的动力倒塌机理,对一个单层球面网壳缩尺模型进行了振动台试验。选用三条地震波对网壳结构的动力特性、弹塑性阶段的动力响应(位移、加速度和应变等)、倒塌阶段的破坏过程进行了研究。通过ANSYS/LS-DYNA,以显式动力分析方法为基础,模拟了荷载不对称分布下网壳结构的倒塌全过程,并进行了倒塌机理的分析。结果表明,当网壳受半跨荷载时,形成塌陷区域的节点位于荷载作用区内,中部主肋屈曲产生了较大的动力效应并导致结构荷载作用区内局部塌陷形成、扩大使结构最终倒塌。有限元分析结果与实测结果吻合较好,验证了数值计算方法的正确性。
To understand the dynamic collapse mechanism of a spherical shell under an unsymmetrical load distribution, a shaking table test on a single-layer spherical shell was conducted. The dynamic characteristics of the spherical shell, dynamic response(displacement, acceleration and strain, etc.) and failure process due to both small and strong earthquake actions were studied through three seismic waves. By the Explicit dynamic analysis method in ANSYS/ LS-DYNA, the collapse process and mechanism under unsymmetrical loading distributions were carried out for the testing models. The result shows that the nodes of collapse area are in the loading zone under the unsymmetrical load distribution. Central main ribs buckling caused the larger dynamic effect and led to the formation of partial collapse, which were expanded and eventually led the building to be collapsed. The numerical model is also proved to be reasonable by comparing the theoretical and experimental results.
To understand the dynamic collapse mechanism of a spherical shell under an unsymmetrical load distribution, a shaking table test on a single-layer spherical shell was conducted. The dynamic characteristics of the spherical shell, dynamic response(displacement, acceleration and strain, etc.) and failure process due to both small and strong earthquake actions were studied through three seismic waves. By the Explicit dynamic analysis method in ANSYS/ LS-DYNA, the collapse process and mechanism under unsymmetrical loading distributions were carried out for the testing models. The result shows that the nodes of collapse area are in the loading zone under the unsymmetrical load distribution. Central main ribs buckling caused the larger dynamic effect and led to the formation of partial collapse, which were expanded and eventually led the building to be collapsed. The numerical model is also proved to be reasonable by comparing the theoretical and experimental results.
引文
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[2]Masoero E,Wittel F K,Herrmann H J,et al.Progressive collapse mechanisms of brittle and ductile framed structures[J].Journal of Engineering Mechanics,2010,136(8):987―995.
[3]Marjanishvili S,Agnew E.Comparison of various procedures for progressive collapse analysis[J].Journal of Performance of Constructed Facilities,2006,20(4):365―374.
[4]赵宪忠,闫伸,陈以一.大跨度空间结构连续性倒塌研究方法与现状[J].建筑结构学报,2013,34(4):1―14.Zhao Xianzhong,Yan Shen,Chen Yiyi.A review on progressive collapse study for large-span space structures[J].Journal of Building Structures,2013,34(4):1―14.(in Chinese)
[5]Morris N.Effect of member snap on space truss collapse[J].Journal of Engineering Mechanics,1993,119(4):870―886.
[6]Blandford G.Review of progressive failure analysis for truss structures[J].Journal of Structural Engineering,1997,123(2):122―129.
[7]Malla R,Wang B.Response of space structures under sudden local damage[C]//Engineering,Construction and Operations in Space III.Reston:ASCE,1992.
[8]Murtha-Smith E A.Alternate path analysis of space trusses for progressive collapse[J].Journal of Structural Engineering,1988,114(9):1978―1999
[9]Marsh C.Improving space truss performance by member removal[C]//Shells,Membranes and Space Frames,Amsterdam:Elsevier,1986.
[10]黄兴淮,徐赵东,杨明飞.多维地震下大跨网格结构倒塌分析与抗倒塌措施[J].东南大学学报(自然版),2012,42(1):109―113.Huang Xinghuai,Xu Zhaodong,Yang Mingfei.Collapse modes and anti-collapse measures for long span trusses under multi-dimensional earthquakes[J].Journal of Southeast University(Natural Science Edition),2012,42(1):109―113.(in Chinese)
[11]张毅刚,周海涛,吴金志.强震下单层球面网壳连续倒塌机理[J].北京工业大学学报,2013,39(4):562―569.Zhang Yigang,Zhou Haitao,Wu Jinzhi.Mechanism of progressive collapse of spherical shell under severe earthquake[J].Journal of Beijing University of Technology,2013,39(4):562―569.(in Chinese)
[12]葛金刚.强震作用下单层网壳结构倒塌机理及抗倒塌措施[D].天津:天津大学,2011:14―81.Ge Jingang.Collapse mechanism and collapse resistant measurements of single-layer reticulated shells under strong earthquakes[D].Tianjin:Tianjin University,2011:14―81.(in Chinese)
[13]聂桂波,范峰,支旭东,等.单层球面网壳结构失效机理振动台试验[J].土木工程学报,2013,46(10):17―25.Nie Guibo,Fan Feng,Zhi Xudong,et al.Shaking table test on failure mechanism of single-layer reticulated dome[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,2013,46(10):17―25.(in Chinese)
[14]叶继红,潘锐.单层球壳模型结构振动台试验研究[J].建筑结构学报,2013,34(4):81―90.Ye Jihong,Pan Rui.Shaking table test on collapse process of single-layer spherical shells[J].Journal of Building Structures,2013,34(4):81―90.(in Chinese)
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