基底隔震建筑结构动力特性辨析
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摘要
有关建筑隔震教材和论著认为,基底隔震通过延长结构自振周期并增大结构阻尼,可以大幅减小上部结构由地震产生的剪力和加速度,但会增大结构的位移响应,并由此要求设计人员在这对矛盾中寻求平衡点。在地基简谐振动条件下,本文针对单自由度和多自由度体系的线性力学模型,分别介绍和建立了结构地震响应理论计算公式,并对结构自振特性、绝对位移和加速度以及相对位移的隔震传递率特性进行了参数分析,结果表明:上述建筑隔震论著混淆了结构绝对位移与相对位移(层间变形)的概念;与抗震技术相比,隔震建筑通过隔震层的大变形的同时实现上部结构绝对位移和加速度的大幅减小,而并非增大了结构的位移响应。本文对正确理解建筑基底隔震基本原理和概念,具有重要的学术意义。
In some books on buildings with the seismic isolation technology published in China and Japan,it was considered as that the shear forces and the accelerations of superstructures caused by earthquakes could be deeply reduced while the corresponding displacements will be greatly increased with the base isolation,which made civil engineers rather confusing. For structures with one degree of freedom and multi degrees of freedom,the seismic responses of displacement and acceleration are analytically investigated to the harmonic excitation of ground in this paper,and the parametrical analysis shows that they reduce in a similar pattern with the base isolation. It is the deformation of base isolation facilities and not the displacement of superstructure increased greatly by earthquakes.This paper will be helpful for a better understanding of the mechanism of base isolation.
In some books on buildings with the seismic isolation technology published in China and Japan,it was considered as that the shear forces and the accelerations of superstructures caused by earthquakes could be deeply reduced while the corresponding displacements will be greatly increased with the base isolation,which made civil engineers rather confusing. For structures with one degree of freedom and multi degrees of freedom,the seismic responses of displacement and acceleration are analytically investigated to the harmonic excitation of ground in this paper,and the parametrical analysis shows that they reduce in a similar pattern with the base isolation. It is the deformation of base isolation facilities and not the displacement of superstructure increased greatly by earthquakes.This paper will be helpful for a better understanding of the mechanism of base isolation.
引文
[1]周云,吴从晓,张崇凌,等.芦山县人民医院门诊综合楼隔震结构分析与设计[J].建筑结构,2013,43(24):23~27Zhou Yun,Wu Cong-xiao,Zhang Chong-ling,et al.Analysis and Design of Seismic Isolation Structure in Outpatient Building of the Lushan County People's Hospital[J].Building Structure,2013,43(24):23~27(in Chinese)
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[3]党育,杜永峰,李慧.基础隔震结构设计及施工指南[M].北京:中国水利水电出版社,2007Dang Yu,Du Yong-feng,Li Hui.Design and Construction Guides to Structures with Seismic Base Isolation[M].Beijing:China Water&Power Press,2007(in Chinese)
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[7]季文美,方同,陈松淇.机械振动[M].北京:科学出版社,1985Ji Wen-mei,Fang Tong,Chen Song-qi.Mechanical Vibrations[M].Beijing:Science Press,1985(in Chinese)
[8]Chopra A K.Dynamics of Structures:Theory and Applications to Earthquake Engineering[M].Beijing:Pearson Education Asia Limited and Tsinghua University Press,2001
[9]周福霖.工程结构减震控制[M].北京:地震出版社,1997Zhou Fu-lin.Seismic Control of Engineering Structures[M].Beijing:Seismological Press,1997(in Chinese)
[10]王光远.应用分析动力学[M].北京:高等教育出版社,1984Wang Guang-yuan.Applied Analysis of Dynamics[M].Beijing:Higher Education Press,1984(in Chinese)
[2]日本免震构造协会.图解隔震结构入门[M].叶列平译.北京:科学出版社,1998Japan Society of Seismic Isolation.Graphically Introduction to Seismically Isolated Structures[M].(Translate:Ye Lie-ping)Beijing:Science Press,1998(in Chinese)
[3]党育,杜永峰,李慧.基础隔震结构设计及施工指南[M].北京:中国水利水电出版社,2007Dang Yu,Du Yong-feng,Li Hui.Design and Construction Guides to Structures with Seismic Base Isolation[M].Beijing:China Water&Power Press,2007(in Chinese)
[4]李国强,李杰,苏小卒.建筑结构抗震设计(第三版)[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2009Li Guo-qiang,Li Jie,Su Xiao-zu.Aseismic Design of Building Structures[M].Beijing:China Architecture&Building Press,2009(in Chinese)
[5]武田寿一.建筑物隔震防振与控振[M].纪晓惠,陈良,鄢宁译.北京:中国建筑工业出版社,1997Takeda Juichi.Seismic Isolation,Prevention and Control of Vibrations[M].(Translate:Ji Xiao-hui,Chen Liang,Yan Ning)Beijing:China Architecture&Building Press,1997(in Chinese)
[6]周德源,张晖,施卫星,等.建筑结构抗震技术[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2006Zhou De-yuan,Zhang Hui,Shi Wei-xing,et al.Aseismic Technology of Building Structures[M].Beijing:Chemical Industry Press,2006(in Chinese)
[7]季文美,方同,陈松淇.机械振动[M].北京:科学出版社,1985Ji Wen-mei,Fang Tong,Chen Song-qi.Mechanical Vibrations[M].Beijing:Science Press,1985(in Chinese)
[8]Chopra A K.Dynamics of Structures:Theory and Applications to Earthquake Engineering[M].Beijing:Pearson Education Asia Limited and Tsinghua University Press,2001
[9]周福霖.工程结构减震控制[M].北京:地震出版社,1997Zhou Fu-lin.Seismic Control of Engineering Structures[M].Beijing:Seismological Press,1997(in Chinese)
[10]王光远.应用分析动力学[M].北京:高等教育出版社,1984Wang Guang-yuan.Applied Analysis of Dynamics[M].Beijing:Higher Education Press,1984(in Chinese)
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