地震震源机制对长周期地震动的影响研究
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摘要
长周期地震动特性的研究对自振周期较长的大型结构的抗震设计具有重要意义。利用1997年新疆伽师强震群的宽频带数字地震记录,研究了震级大小和震源机制对长周期地震动特性的影响。结果表明:地震震级对长周期地震动的影响较为明显,震级越大,长周期地震动的成分越多;与走滑型地震相比,倾滑型地震的垂直向长周期成分更为丰富;走滑型地震的水平向长周期加速度反应谱值高于正断层型地震的水平向长周期加速度反应谱值。
The study of long-period ground motions is significant to seismic design of large-scale engineering structures.The digital broad-band seismic records of strong earthquake swarm obtained in Jiashi,Xinjiang,China,in 1997 are used to study the impact of earthquake magnitude and focal mechanism on long-period ground motions.The results show that:(1) Earthquake magnitude has strong effects on the long-period ground motions.Larger earthquake has more long-period ground motion contents.(2) Compared with the strike-slip earthquakes,the oblique-faulting earthquakes have more long-period contents in vertical component.(3) The long-period horizontal acceleration response spectra of strike-slip earthquakes are higher than those of the normal-faulting earthquakes.
The study of long-period ground motions is significant to seismic design of large-scale engineering structures.The digital broad-band seismic records of strong earthquake swarm obtained in Jiashi,Xinjiang,China,in 1997 are used to study the impact of earthquake magnitude and focal mechanism on long-period ground motions.The results show that:(1) Earthquake magnitude has strong effects on the long-period ground motions.Larger earthquake has more long-period ground motion contents.(2) Compared with the strike-slip earthquakes,the oblique-faulting earthquakes have more long-period contents in vertical component.(3) The long-period horizontal acceleration response spectra of strike-slip earthquakes are higher than those of the normal-faulting earthquakes.
引文
[1]俞言祥.长周期地震动研究综述[J].国际地震动态,2004,7:1–
5.(Yu Yanxiang.Review of long-period ground motion study[J].Recent Development in World Seismology,2004,7:1–5.(in Chinese))
[2]俞言祥.长周期地震动衰减关系研究[博士学位论文][D].北京:中国地震局地球物理研究所,2002.(Yu Yanxiang.Study on attenuation relationships of long period ground motions[Ph.D.Thesis][D].Beijing:Institute of Geophysics,China Earthquake Administration,2002.(in Chinese))
[3]汪素云,俞言祥,吕红山.利用中国数字地震台网宽频带记录研究长周期地震动反应谱特性[J].地震学报,1998,20(5):481–488.(Wang Suyun,Yu Yanxiang,Lu Hongshan.Study of characteristics of long-period ground motion response spectra by using broad-band records of the Chinese Digital Seismograph Network[J].Acta Seismologica Sinica,1998,20(5):481–488.(in Chinese))
[4]Hu Y X,Yu Y X.A seismological-engineering approach to the estimation of wide response spectrum for distant earthquake[A].In:Ko J M,Xu Y L ed.Advances in Structural Dynamics[C].Amsterdam:Elsevier,2000.193–200.
[5]Abrahamson N A,Silva W J.Empirical response spectral attenuation relations for shallow crustal earthquakes[J].Seism.Res.Lett.,1997,68(1):94–109.
[6]Boore D M,Joyner W B,Fumal T E.Equations for estimating horizontal response spectra and peak acceleration from western north American earthquakes:a summary of recent work[J].Seism.Res.Lett.,1997,68(1):128–153.
[7]Compbell K W.Empirical near-source attenuation relationships for horizontal and vertical components of peak ground acceleration,peak ground velocity,and pseudo-absolute acceleration response spectra[J].Seism.Res.Lett.,1997,68(1):154–179.
[8]Sadigh K,Chang C Y,Egan J A,et al.Attenuation relationships for shallow crustal earthquakes based on California strong motion data[J].Seism.Res.Lett.,1997,68(1):180–189.
[9]Abrahamson N A,Somerville P G.Effects of the hanging wall and footwall on ground motions recorded during the Northridge earthquake[J].Bull.Seism.Soc.Amer.,1996,86(1B):S93–S99.
[10]俞言祥,高孟潭.台湾集集地震近场地震动的上盘效应[J].地震学报,2001,23(6):615–621.(Yu Yanxiang,Gao Mengtan.Effects of the hanging wall and footwall on peak acceleration during the(Chi-Chi)Earthquake,Taiwan[J].Acta Seismologica Sinica,2001,23(6):615–621.(in Chinese))
[11]周仕勇,许忠淮,陈晓非.伽师强震群震源特征及震源机制力学成因分析[J].地球物理学报,2001,44(5):654–662.(Zhou Shiyong,Xu Zhonghuai,Chen Xiaofei.Analysis of the source characteristics of the 1997 Jiashi swarm,Western China[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2001,44(5):654–662.(in Chinese))
[12]Yu Y X,Hu Y X.A combine method to establish attenuation relation of long-period response spectrum[A].In:Spencer J B F,Hu Y X ed.Earthquake Engineering Frontiers in the New Millennium[C].Lisse:A.A.Balkema,2001.177–182.
[13]Boore D M,Atkinson G M.Stochastic prediction of ground motion and spectral response parameters at hard-rock sites in eastern North America[J].Bull.Seism.Soc.Amer.,1987,77(2):440–467.
[14]Atkinson G M,Silva W.Stochastic modeling of California ground motions[J].Bull.Seism.Soc.Amer.,2000,90(2):255–274.
[15]吕红山.反应谱的标定及其长周期外延[硕士学位论文][D].北京:中国地震局地球物理研究所,1995.(Lu Hongshan.The scaling of response spectrum and its extension to long-period[M.S.Thesis][D].Beijing:Institute of Geophysics,China Earthquake Administration,1995.(in Chinese))
[16]胡聿贤.地震工程学[M].北京:地震出版社,1988.(Hu Yuxian.Earthquake Engineering[M].Beijing:Earthquake Press,1988.(in Chinese))
5.(Yu Yanxiang.Review of long-period ground motion study[J].Recent Development in World Seismology,2004,7:1–5.(in Chinese))
[2]俞言祥.长周期地震动衰减关系研究[博士学位论文][D].北京:中国地震局地球物理研究所,2002.(Yu Yanxiang.Study on attenuation relationships of long period ground motions[Ph.D.Thesis][D].Beijing:Institute of Geophysics,China Earthquake Administration,2002.(in Chinese))
[3]汪素云,俞言祥,吕红山.利用中国数字地震台网宽频带记录研究长周期地震动反应谱特性[J].地震学报,1998,20(5):481–488.(Wang Suyun,Yu Yanxiang,Lu Hongshan.Study of characteristics of long-period ground motion response spectra by using broad-band records of the Chinese Digital Seismograph Network[J].Acta Seismologica Sinica,1998,20(5):481–488.(in Chinese))
[4]Hu Y X,Yu Y X.A seismological-engineering approach to the estimation of wide response spectrum for distant earthquake[A].In:Ko J M,Xu Y L ed.Advances in Structural Dynamics[C].Amsterdam:Elsevier,2000.193–200.
[5]Abrahamson N A,Silva W J.Empirical response spectral attenuation relations for shallow crustal earthquakes[J].Seism.Res.Lett.,1997,68(1):94–109.
[6]Boore D M,Joyner W B,Fumal T E.Equations for estimating horizontal response spectra and peak acceleration from western north American earthquakes:a summary of recent work[J].Seism.Res.Lett.,1997,68(1):128–153.
[7]Compbell K W.Empirical near-source attenuation relationships for horizontal and vertical components of peak ground acceleration,peak ground velocity,and pseudo-absolute acceleration response spectra[J].Seism.Res.Lett.,1997,68(1):154–179.
[8]Sadigh K,Chang C Y,Egan J A,et al.Attenuation relationships for shallow crustal earthquakes based on California strong motion data[J].Seism.Res.Lett.,1997,68(1):180–189.
[9]Abrahamson N A,Somerville P G.Effects of the hanging wall and footwall on ground motions recorded during the Northridge earthquake[J].Bull.Seism.Soc.Amer.,1996,86(1B):S93–S99.
[10]俞言祥,高孟潭.台湾集集地震近场地震动的上盘效应[J].地震学报,2001,23(6):615–621.(Yu Yanxiang,Gao Mengtan.Effects of the hanging wall and footwall on peak acceleration during the(Chi-Chi)Earthquake,Taiwan[J].Acta Seismologica Sinica,2001,23(6):615–621.(in Chinese))
[11]周仕勇,许忠淮,陈晓非.伽师强震群震源特征及震源机制力学成因分析[J].地球物理学报,2001,44(5):654–662.(Zhou Shiyong,Xu Zhonghuai,Chen Xiaofei.Analysis of the source characteristics of the 1997 Jiashi swarm,Western China[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2001,44(5):654–662.(in Chinese))
[12]Yu Y X,Hu Y X.A combine method to establish attenuation relation of long-period response spectrum[A].In:Spencer J B F,Hu Y X ed.Earthquake Engineering Frontiers in the New Millennium[C].Lisse:A.A.Balkema,2001.177–182.
[13]Boore D M,Atkinson G M.Stochastic prediction of ground motion and spectral response parameters at hard-rock sites in eastern North America[J].Bull.Seism.Soc.Amer.,1987,77(2):440–467.
[14]Atkinson G M,Silva W.Stochastic modeling of California ground motions[J].Bull.Seism.Soc.Amer.,2000,90(2):255–274.
[15]吕红山.反应谱的标定及其长周期外延[硕士学位论文][D].北京:中国地震局地球物理研究所,1995.(Lu Hongshan.The scaling of response spectrum and its extension to long-period[M.S.Thesis][D].Beijing:Institute of Geophysics,China Earthquake Administration,1995.(in Chinese))
[16]胡聿贤.地震工程学[M].北京:地震出版社,1988.(Hu Yuxian.Earthquake Engineering[M].Beijing:Earthquake Press,1988.(in Chinese))
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