不同浅海环境下点声源海底地震波特征研究
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摘要
航行舰船在海底岩土层中引起的弹性波被称为舰船地震波,主要由舰船低频辐射噪声引起,可用于识别舰船目标。将舰船地震波简化为液固多层半无限空间低频点声源引起的地震波动问题,基于波数积分方法,通过FFP数值积分得到了海底表面声压、位移和加速度的频率特性曲线,分析了不同浅海环境对点声源海底地震波的波动特征的影响。结果表明:软质海底竖直方向加速度具有明显的低频通过特征,点声源海底地震波频域特征具有方向性;接收横距、岩土层吸收衰减系数和软硬程度、水深、沉积层厚度等均对点声源海底地震波的波动特征具有影响。
The elastic wave in seabed caused by the low frequency noise of sailing vessel is the so-called ship caused seismic wave that can be used to identify ship target.The ship caused seismic wave is simplified to the seismic wave generated by a low frequency point sound source in a liquid-solid multi-layered semi-space in this paper.Based on the wave-number integration technique,the characteristic curves of acoustic pressure,displacement and acceleration on the surface of seabed varied with frequency are obtained by FFP numerical evaluation technique.The influences of various shallow water circumstances on the characteristics of the seismic wave in seabed are discussed.According to the calculation results,the characteristic of the vertical acceleration in soft seabed is dominant in low frequency band and differs from the horizontal acceleration.The characteristics of the seismic wave in seabed are apparently influenced by receiver distance,attenuation and stiffness of sediment,water depth and sediment thickness.
The elastic wave in seabed caused by the low frequency noise of sailing vessel is the so-called ship caused seismic wave that can be used to identify ship target.The ship caused seismic wave is simplified to the seismic wave generated by a low frequency point sound source in a liquid-solid multi-layered semi-space in this paper.Based on the wave-number integration technique,the characteristic curves of acoustic pressure,displacement and acceleration on the surface of seabed varied with frequency are obtained by FFP numerical evaluation technique.The influences of various shallow water circumstances on the characteristics of the seismic wave in seabed are discussed.According to the calculation results,the characteristic of the vertical acceleration in soft seabed is dominant in low frequency band and differs from the horizontal acceleration.The characteristics of the seismic wave in seabed are apparently influenced by receiver distance,attenuation and stiffness of sediment,water depth and sediment thickness.
引文
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[3]卢再华,张志宏.浅海低频点声源作用下海底地震波的数值模拟[J].武汉理工大学学报,2007,31(4):607-610.LU Zaihua,ZHANG Zhihong.A numerical simulation of seafloor seismic wave caused by low frequency point sound source in shallow water[J].Journal of Wuhan University of Technology,2007,31(4):607-610.
[4]卢再华,张志宏.舰船海底地震波形成机理的理论分析[J].应用力学学报,2007,24(1):54-57.LU Zaihua,ZHANG Zhihong.A theoretical analysis of the mechanism of seafloor seismic wave induced by sailing vessel[J].Chinese Journal of Applied Mechanics,2007,24(1):54-57.
[5]颜冰,周伟.浅海地震波传播的简正波模型[J].武汉理工大学学报,2006,30(5):805-807.YAN Bing,ZHOU Wei.A normal mode model for ocean seismo-acoustics in shallow water[J].Journal of Wuhan University of Technology,2006,30(5):805-807.
[6]周伟,颜冰.舰船低频声传播的海底损失[J].噪声与振动控制,2006,(2):62-65.ZHOU Wei,YAN Bing.Bottom loss of the ship’s low frequency noise from a horizontally stratified sea bottom[J].Noise and Vibration Control,2006,(2):62-65.
[7]卢再华,张志宏.航行船舶引起河岸微幅地震波的试验结果分析[J].声学与电子工程,2006,(增刊):105-107.LU Zaihua,ZHANG Zhihong.Detecting data of seismic wave on the bank of river caused by sailing vessel[J].Acoustics and Electronics Engineer,2006,(supplement):105-107.
[8]Jensen F B,Kuperman W A,Porter M B.Computational ocean acoustics[M].New York:AIP Press,1993.
[9]鹿力成,马力.浅海海底模型对低频声传播的影响[J].声学技术,2007,26(5):787-793.LU Licheng,MA Li.Effects of seabed model on low frequency sound propagation in shallow water[J].Technical Acoustics,2007,26(5):787-793.
[10]刘伯胜,雷家熠.水声学原理[M].哈尔滨工程大学出版社,1993.LIU Bosheng,LEI Jiayi Y.Under-water acoustic theory[M].Harbin Engineer University Press,1993.
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