流固耦合问题及研究进展
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摘要
传统的渗流理论一般假设流体流动的多孔介质骨架是完全刚性的，即在孔隙流体压力变化过程中，固体骨架不产生任何弹性或塑性变形，这时可将渗流作为非耦合问题来研究。这种简化虽然可以得到问题的近似解，但存在许多缺陷，而且也不切合生产实际。比如：在油田开采过程中，孔隙流体压力会逐渐降低，将导致储层内有效应力的变化，使储层产生变形。近年来，流固耦合问题越来越受到人们的重视，这方面的研究涉及许多领域。该文介绍了有关工程涉及到的流固耦合问题，重点针对油、气开采问题，介绍了储层流固耦合渗流的特点及研究方法和理论进展，包括单相、多相流体渗流的流固耦合数学模型及有限元数值模型
In traditional seepage theory it is assumed in general that the medium or the solid skeleton through which the fluids flow is perfectly rigid, that is, the solid frame containing the fluids does not deform either elastically or plastically due to the pressure of the incumbent fluid. The coupling between fluid flowing and porous media deforming is generally neglected in past and fluids flowing through porous media was studied as non coupled problems. Although this simplified assumption gives results to a first approximation this does not conform to the field practice and there are problems, for example, in oil production from oil reservoirs can lead to decreases in the pore pressure. This depletion results in changes of the effective stresses acting in the reservoir and in the deformation of the reservoir. Recently, the important significance of the fluid-solid coupling in porous media is generally recognized. Due to the importance of the coupled problems, considerable effort has been devoted in many engineering applications such as geothermal energy production, underground waste disposal, and oil production. These applications in engineering, especially in oil reservoirs are first introduced systematically. To counter the oil and gas exploitation, the fundamental method and the advance in research of the fluid solid coupling in oil reservoirs are reviewed, and the future applications of the theory of fluid-solid coupling are also proposed.
In traditional seepage theory it is assumed in general that the medium or the solid skeleton through which the fluids flow is perfectly rigid, that is, the solid frame containing the fluids does not deform either elastically or plastically due to the pressure of the incumbent fluid. The coupling between fluid flowing and porous media deforming is generally neglected in past and fluids flowing through porous media was studied as non coupled problems. Although this simplified assumption gives results to a first approximation this does not conform to the field practice and there are problems, for example, in oil production from oil reservoirs can lead to decreases in the pore pressure. This depletion results in changes of the effective stresses acting in the reservoir and in the deformation of the reservoir. Recently, the important significance of the fluid-solid coupling in porous media is generally recognized. Due to the importance of the coupled problems, considerable effort has been devoted in many engineering applications such as geothermal energy production, underground waste disposal, and oil production. These applications in engineering, especially in oil reservoirs are first introduced systematically. To counter the oil and gas exploitation, the fundamental method and the advance in research of the fluid solid coupling in oil reservoirs are reviewed, and the future applications of the theory of fluid-solid coupling are also proposed.
引文
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