内蒙古色尔腾山山前断裂带乌加河段古地震活动
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摘要
通过对色尔腾山山前断裂带乌加河段断层地貌研究,并结合前人对断裂带断裂活动性的工作,分析得到乌加河活动断裂段晚更新世晚期(距今1.445～2.234万年)以来平均垂直位移速率是0.48～0.75 mm/a,全新世早中期以来(距今5 570～8 830年)平均垂直位移速率是0.56～ 0.88 mm/a.利用5个探槽中揭露的古地震现象,结合前人对该断裂带古地震的研究结果,分析确定出2.7万年以来,色尔腾山山前断裂乌加河段共揭露出5次古地震事件,重复间隔约为4 300～4 400年.距今8 000～9 000年之间可能为一个古地震丛,而距今1～2万年之间可能遗漏了两次古地震事件.对比断层陡坎的高度与探槽中揭示出古地震事件的位移和,以及由断层平均位移速率和一次事件的位移得到古地震的重复间隔,得到阿拉盖兔探槽中缺失了3次古地震事件,整个活动断裂段上可能缺失了两次古地震事件.
Geomorphic study on Wujiahe segment of Serteng piedmont fault, Inner Mongolia is made. Through analysis of the available data in combination with the results of predecessors studies it can be obtained that average vertical displacement rate is 0.48～0.75 mm/a along the Wujiahe segment since the late Pleistocene (14.45～22.34 ka BP) and 0.56～0.88 mm/a since the early-middle Holocene (5.57～8.83 ka BP). Analyzing paleoseismic phenomena revealed in the excavated 5 trenches in combination with the results of predecessors studies of paleoearthquakes on the fault, we determine five paleoseismic events on the Wujiahe segment of Serteng piedmont fault since 27.0 ka BP and the recurrence interval to be about 4.3～4.4 ka. A cluster of paleoearthquakes occurred probably during 8～9 ka BP and two paleoseismic events in 10～20 ka BP may be missed. A comparison between height of fault scarps and sum of displacement caused by paleoseismic events revealed in trenches, and recurrence interval of paleoseismic events obtained from average displacement rate along the fault and the dislocation by one event suggest that three paleoseismic events are absent in Alagaitu trench. Two paleoseismic events may be absent on the whole active fault segment.
Geomorphic study on Wujiahe segment of Serteng piedmont fault, Inner Mongolia is made. Through analysis of the available data in combination with the results of predecessors studies it can be obtained that average vertical displacement rate is 0.48～0.75 mm/a along the Wujiahe segment since the late Pleistocene (14.45～22.34 ka BP) and 0.56～0.88 mm/a since the early-middle Holocene (5.57～8.83 ka BP). Analyzing paleoseismic phenomena revealed in the excavated 5 trenches in combination with the results of predecessors studies of paleoearthquakes on the fault, we determine five paleoseismic events on the Wujiahe segment of Serteng piedmont fault since 27.0 ka BP and the recurrence interval to be about 4.3～4.4 ka. A cluster of paleoearthquakes occurred probably during 8～9 ka BP and two paleoseismic events in 10～20 ka BP may be missed. A comparison between height of fault scarps and sum of displacement caused by paleoseismic events revealed in trenches, and recurrence interval of paleoseismic events obtained from average displacement rate along the fault and the dislocation by one event suggest that three paleoseismic events are absent in Alagaitu trench. Two paleoseismic events may be absent on the whole active fault segment.
引文
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①聂宗笙,吴卫民,许桂林,等.1995.狼山—色尔腾山山前活动断裂带1∶5万地质填图与综合研究阶段性总结报告.59～60.
①聂宗笙,吴卫民,许桂林,等.1995.狼山—色尔腾山山前活动断裂带1∶5万地质填图与综合研究阶段性总结报告.75～86.
①聂宗笙,吴卫民,许桂林,等.1995.狼山—色尔腾山山前活动断裂带1∶5万地质填图与综合研究阶段性总结报告.75～86.
邓起东,汪一鹏,廖玉华,等.1984.断层崖崩积楔及贺兰山山前断裂全新世活动历史[J].科学通报,29(9):557～560
邓起东,尤惠川.1985.鄂尔多斯周缘断陷盆地带的构造活动特征及其形成机制[A].见:国家地震局地质研究所编.现代地壳运动研究(1)[C].北京:地震出版社,58～78
邓起东,MolnarP,BrownE T,等.2001.天山南缘北轮台断裂库尔楚段晚第四纪的最新活动和滑动速率[J].内陆地震,15(4):289～297
方仲景,程绍平,王景钵,等.1989.河北怀来黄土窑古地震剖面[J].地震地质,11(2):66～68国家地震局《鄂尔多斯周缘活动断裂系》课题组.1988.鄂尔多斯周缘活动断裂系[M].北京:地震出版社,39～44
毛凤英,张培震.1995.古地震研究的逐次限定方法与新疆北部主要断裂带的古地震研究[A].见:《活动断裂研究》编委会编.活动断裂研究(4)[C].北京:地震出版社,153～164
冉勇康,方仲景.1992.怀来-涿鹿盆地北缘断裂上的古地震重复序列与断裂分段[J].中国地震,8(3):74～85
冉勇康,方仲景,王景钵,等.1995a.怀来东园村砖瓦厂北西向断层大剖面[A].见:《活动断裂研究》编委会编.活动断裂研究(4)[C].北京:地震出版社,116～122
冉勇康,王景钵,彭斯震.1995b.河北宣化盆地南缘断裂的古地震遗迹[J].地震地质,17(1):44～46
冉勇康.2001.华北正断层古地震识别标志及不确定性问题的思考[A].见:卢演俦,高维明,陈国星,等主编.新构造与环境[C].北京:地震出版社,282～292
吴卫民,聂宗笙,许桂林,等.1996.色尔腾山山前断裂西段活动断层研究[A].见:《活动断裂研究》编委会编.活动断裂研究(5)[C].北京:地震出版社,113～124
尤惠川.1985.河套断陷盆地带地质构造特征及其成因机制讨论[A].见:国家地震局地质研究所编.现代地壳运动研究(1)[C].北京:地震出版社,88～97
CroneA J.1987.Introduction to direction in paleoseismology[R].USGS OpenFileReport,1～6,87～683
HanksT C,BuckmanR C,LajoieK R, et al.1984.Modification of wave-cut and faulting-controlled land forms[J].J GeophysRes,89:5771～5791
SchwartzD P,CoppersmithK J.1984.Fault behavior and characteristic earthquakes: examples from theWasatch andSanAndreas fault zones[J].J GeophysRes,90:5681～5698
WallaceR E.1970.Earthquake recurrence intervals on theSanAndreas fault[J].GeolSocAmerBull,81:2875～2980
WallaceR E.1977.Profiles and ages of young fault scarps, north-centralNevada[J].GeolSocAmerBull,88:1267～1278
YeatsR S.1996.Introduction to special section:Paleoseismology[J].J GeophysRes,101:5847～5853
YeatsR S,SiehK,AllenC R.1997.TheGeology ofEarthquake[M].NewYork:OxfordUniversityPress,249～300
①聂宗笙,吴卫民,许桂林,等.1995.狼山—色尔腾山山前活动断裂带1∶5万地质填图与综合研究阶段性总结报告.59～60.
①聂宗笙,吴卫民,许桂林,等.1995.狼山—色尔腾山山前活动断裂带1∶5万地质填图与综合研究阶段性总结报告.75～86.
①聂宗笙,吴卫民,许桂林,等.1995.狼山—色尔腾山山前活动断裂带1∶5万地质填图与综合研究阶段性总结报告.75～86.
邓起东,汪一鹏,廖玉华,等.1984.断层崖崩积楔及贺兰山山前断裂全新世活动历史[J].科学通报,29(9):557～560
邓起东,尤惠川.1985.鄂尔多斯周缘断陷盆地带的构造活动特征及其形成机制[A].见:国家地震局地质研究所编.现代地壳运动研究(1)[C].北京:地震出版社,58～78
邓起东,MolnarP,BrownE T,等.2001.天山南缘北轮台断裂库尔楚段晚第四纪的最新活动和滑动速率[J].内陆地震,15(4):289～297
方仲景,程绍平,王景钵,等.1989.河北怀来黄土窑古地震剖面[J].地震地质,11(2):66～68国家地震局《鄂尔多斯周缘活动断裂系》课题组.1988.鄂尔多斯周缘活动断裂系[M].北京:地震出版社,39～44
毛凤英,张培震.1995.古地震研究的逐次限定方法与新疆北部主要断裂带的古地震研究[A].见:《活动断裂研究》编委会编.活动断裂研究(4)[C].北京:地震出版社,153～164
冉勇康,方仲景.1992.怀来-涿鹿盆地北缘断裂上的古地震重复序列与断裂分段[J].中国地震,8(3):74～85
冉勇康,方仲景,王景钵,等.1995a.怀来东园村砖瓦厂北西向断层大剖面[A].见:《活动断裂研究》编委会编.活动断裂研究(4)[C].北京:地震出版社,116～122
冉勇康,王景钵,彭斯震.1995b.河北宣化盆地南缘断裂的古地震遗迹[J].地震地质,17(1):44～46
冉勇康.2001.华北正断层古地震识别标志及不确定性问题的思考[A].见:卢演俦,高维明,陈国星,等主编.新构造与环境[C].北京:地震出版社,282～292
吴卫民,聂宗笙,许桂林,等.1996.色尔腾山山前断裂西段活动断层研究[A].见:《活动断裂研究》编委会编.活动断裂研究(5)[C].北京:地震出版社,113～124
尤惠川.1985.河套断陷盆地带地质构造特征及其成因机制讨论[A].见:国家地震局地质研究所编.现代地壳运动研究(1)[C].北京:地震出版社,88～97
CroneA J.1987.Introduction to direction in paleoseismology[R].USGS OpenFileReport,1～6,87～683
HanksT C,BuckmanR C,LajoieK R, et al.1984.Modification of wave-cut and faulting-controlled land forms[J].J GeophysRes,89:5771～5791
SchwartzD P,CoppersmithK J.1984.Fault behavior and characteristic earthquakes: examples from theWasatch andSanAndreas fault zones[J].J GeophysRes,90:5681～5698
WallaceR E.1970.Earthquake recurrence intervals on theSanAndreas fault[J].GeolSocAmerBull,81:2875～2980
WallaceR E.1977.Profiles and ages of young fault scarps, north-centralNevada[J].GeolSocAmerBull,88:1267～1278
YeatsR S.1996.Introduction to special section:Paleoseismology[J].J GeophysRes,101:5847～5853
YeatsR S,SiehK,AllenC R.1997.TheGeology ofEarthquake[M].NewYork:OxfordUniversityPress,249～300
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