强夯法有效加固深度的确定方法与判定标准
摘要
本文统计收集了国内外强夯法地基有效加固深度的9类40多种确定方法及10多种判定方法和标准,对有效加固深度——这一强夯技术理论中重要而未得到根本解决的问题进行了分析。从工程实用角度澄清了有效加固深度的定义及与影响深度的区别,建议规范明确界定有效加固深度的深刻内涵和量化指标,避免由于概念分歧在合同中产生纠纷。提出并推荐了综合确定有效加固深度的原则、方法和判定标准,对工程应用具有一定的参考价值。
引文
[1] 王铁宏主编.全国重大工程项目地基处理工程实录.北京:中国建筑工业出版社,1998．
[2] Chaim J.Poran,Jorge A.Rodriguez.Design of dynamic compaction.Can.Geotech.J.,Vol.29(5) ,1992,pp796-802．
[3] 中华人民共和国行业标准,建筑地基处理技术规范(JGJ79-91) .北京:中国计划出版社,1992,pp18-21．
[4] 水伟厚.冲击应力与10000kN·m 高能级强夯系列试验研究[D].同济大学博士论文,2003
[5] L.Menard,Y.Broise.Theoretical and Practical Aspests of Dynamic Consolidation.Ground Treatment by Deep Compaction.Telford Ltd.London,1976．
[6] J.K.Michell.Soil Improvement--State-of-the-Art Report.Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineerings,Stockholm,1981,pp509-575．
[7] 齐玉凯.强夯法地基的有效加固深度.桂林工学院学报,1995,Vol.15(3) ,pp269-275．
[8] 钱家欢,钱学德,赵维炳等.动力固结的理论与实践.岩土工程学报,1986,Vol.8(6) .pp1-17．
[9] Gerald A.Leonard,William A.Cutter,Robert D.Holtz.Dynamic compaction of granular soils.Journal of the Geotechnical Engineering Division,Vol.106(1) ,1980,pp35-40．
[10] Robert G.Lukaes.Densification of loose deposits by pounding.J.of the Geotech.Engrg.Div.,ASCE,1980,Vol.106(4) ,435-446．
[11] Paul W.Mayne,Jones Jr.,Jean C.Dumas.Ground response to dynamic compaction.Journal of the Geotechnical Engineering,Vol.110(6) ,1984,pp757-774．
[12] M.P.Gambin.Ten Years of Dynamic Compaction.Proceedings of the Eighth Regional Conference for Africa on Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering,Harare,1984．
[13] J.A.Charles,D.Burford,K.S.Watts.Field Studies of the Effectiveness of Dynamic Consolidation.Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineerings(Ⅱ),Stockholm,1981,12/10,pp617-622．
[14] William F.Van Impe,Abdelmalek Bouazza.Densification of domestic waste fills by dynamic compaction.Can.Geotech.J.,Vol.33(6) ,1996,pp879-887．
[15] 范维垣等.强夯法加固地基的原理与应用.太原工业大学,1985,11．
[16] Adrian Wightman,Nelson F.Beaton.Improvement of a Dumped Rockfill Foundation by Dynamic Consolidation.Proceedings :Second International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering,1984,Vol.3,pp1365-1372．
[17] 汪文善.强夯法商榷.第四届全国土力学与基础工程学术讨论会论文集.北京:中国建筑工业出版社,1983．
[18] 王成华.强夯加固深度估算的等效拟静力法.第六届全国土力学及基础工程学术会议论文集.1991,上海:同济大学出版社,pp617-620．
[19] K.Marinescu.Modified method for intensive dynamic compaction of weak soils.Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering.1986,Vol.23(2) ,pp73-78．
[20] 吴达人.强夯法在厦门软基加固处理与应用.第五届全国土力学及基础工程学术会议论文集,1990,北京:中国建筑工业出版社,pp515-521．
[21] 刘惠珊,周根寿等.625t-m 强夯加固冶金渣地基.第五届全国土力学及基础工程学术会议论文集,1990． 北京:中国建筑工业出版社,pp522-527．
[22] Kyle M.Rollins,Ji-Hyoung Kim.U.S.experience with dynamic compaction of collapsible soils,pp25-43． In-Situ deep soil improvement.ASCE.New York,1994．
[23] 苏冰.洛阳石化总厂化纤工程4． 6万 m~2地基强夯处理.岩土工程学报,2001,Vol.23(2) ,pp221-226．
[24] Y.Luongo.Dynamic compaction:Predicting depth of improvement.In :Prec.of ASCE Specialty Con- ference on Grouting,Soil Improvement and Geosythesis.New Orleans.Ladd Geotechnical Special Publication 30． 1992,Vol.2,pp927-939．
[25] 范维垣.强夯法处理地基中的几个根本问题.第一届全国地基处理学术讨论会,上海,1986．
[26] 刘海冲.关于强夯加固地基影响深度的研究.勘察科学技术,1993,第3期,pp19-22．
[27] 徐志飞,顾安全.强夯法在黄土地区的应用和研究.全国黄土学术会议论文集.兰州,1993．
[28] Slocombe,B.C.(1993) .Dynamic compaction.In:Ground Improvement(ed.M.P.Moseley).pp20-39． Published in USA and Canada by CRC Press,Inc.London,1993．
[29] 张峰.碎石土的强夯模型试验研究.建筑科学,1992,No.3,25-28．
[30] 张永钧,平涌潮,孔繁峰,张峰.强夯法处理填海地基.软土地区土工与抗震国际会议论文集.地震出版社,1993,pp77-83．
[31] 徐至钧.采用大夯击能强夯处理大块抛石地基.石油工程建设,1997,No.1,pp12-17．
[32] 张平仓,汪稔.强夯法施工实践中加固深度问题浅析.岩土力学,2000,Vol.21,No.1,pp76-80．
[33] 蒋鹏.强夯机理分析及其计算模型.(博士学位论文).成都理工学院,成都,1999．
[34] 谭昌奉.湿陷性黄土强夯有效加固深度与夯沉量的确定.第三届全国岩土工程实录交流会文集.北京:兵器工业出版社,1993,pp444-447．
[35] 陈伟军,钱尧锋,海燕.强夯参数优化组合的探讨.地基基础工程,1998,Vol.8(2) ,pp60～64．
[36] 坂口旭,西海宏,服部正夫等.动压密工法基础工事.土基础,1979,27(9) ,pp206-209．
[37] 王钟琦,邓祥林.强夯机理及其环境影响.第四届土力学及基础工程学术会议论文选集.北京:中国建筑工业出版社,1986,pp554-563．
[38] 左名麒,朱树森.强夯法加固地基.北京:中国铁道出版社.1990．
[39] 王盛源.强夯法加固深度计算理论.港口工程,1989年,第6期,pp14-18．
[40] 柳国荣.计算强夯加固效应动力法.岩土工程师,1993,Vol.5(3) ,pp26-31．
[41] 方永凯,周芝英.强夯法加固地基的若干问题,第六届全国土力学及基础工程学术会议论文集,1991,上海,同济大学出版社,pp573-576．
[42] 吴铭炳,王钟琦.强夯机理的数值分析.工程勘 察,1989(3) ,pp1-5．
[43] Y.K.Chow,D.W.Yong,K.Y.Yong,S.L.Lee.Numerical modeling of dynamic compaction.Computer Methods and Advances in Geomechanics,Beer,1991,Vol.1,pp237-242．
[44] Chaim J.Poran,King-Sen Heh,Jorge A.Rodriguez.Impact behavior of sand.Japanese Society of Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering,Vol.32(4) ,1992,pp81-92．
[45] A.Oshima,N.Takada.Effect of ram momentum on compaction by heavy tamping.In :Proc.13th,Int.Conf.Soil Mech.Found.Engry.,1994,pp1141-1145．
[46] A.Oshima,N.Takada.Relation between compacted area and ram momentum by heavy tamping.In:Proc.14th.Int Conf.Soil Mech.Found.Engry.,pp1641-1644．
[47] H.L.Jessberger,R.A.Beire.Heary Tampings:Theoretical and Practical Aspects.In:Proe.of the 10th International Conf.on SoilMech.and Foundation Engineering,Stockholm,1981,pp695-699．
[48] 孔令伟,袁建新.强夯时地基土的应力场分布特征及应用.岩土力学,1999,20(3) ,pp13-19,23．
[49] 张利洁,聂文波等.强夯效果浅析.土工基础,2002,Vol.16(1) ,pp24-27．
[50] Scott R.McMullin.Evaluation of dynamic compaction of low level waste burial trenches containing B-25 Boxes.pp44-54． In-Situ deep soil improvement.ASCE.New York,1994．
[51] 钱尧锋,海燕.强夯加固有效影响范围的计算.岩土工程师,1997,Vol.9(3) ,pp21-25．
[52] Chaim J.Poran,Jorge A.Rodriguez.Finite element analysis of impact behavior of sand.Japanese Society of Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering.Vol.32(4) ,1992,pp68-80．
[53] 丁振洲,郑颖人.强夯法加固饱和软粘土地基数值模拟.地下空间,2002,Vol.22(2) ,pp137-141．
[54] Y.K.Chow,D.M.Yong,K.Y.Yong,S.L.lee.Dynamic compaction analysis.Joumal of the Geotechnical Engineering,Vol.118(8) ,1992,pp1141-1157．
[55] Y.K.Chow,D.M.Yong,S.L.Lee.Dynamic compaction of loose sand deposits.Japanese Society of Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering.Vol.32(4) ,1992,pp93-106．
[56] 汤磊,陈正汉.用 BP 网络预估强夯有效加固深度.地基处理,1999,Vol.10． No.3,pp58-62．
[57] 王成华.强夯地基加固深度估算方法评述.地基处理,1991,Vol.2(1) ,pp20-24．
[58] 张孔修,陈友文.强夯机理初探.地基处理.1993,Vol.4(3) ,pp36-41．
[59] Q.Gu,F.H.Lee.Ground response to dynamic compaction of dry sand.Geotechnique.Vol.52(7) ,2002,pp481-492．
[60] John F.O'Brien,Charles P.Gupton.In Situ Stabilization of Two Industrial Sites by Dynamic Compaction.Proceedings:Second International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering,St.Louis,1988,pp1259-1264．
[61] Hendy M.S.,Muir I.C.Experience of dynamic replacement on a 40m deep reclamation in HongKong.Ground Improvement Geosystems.ThomasTelford,London,1997,pp75-81．
[2] Chaim J.Poran,Jorge A.Rodriguez.Design of dynamic compaction.Can.Geotech.J.,Vol.29(5) ,1992,pp796-802．
[3] 中华人民共和国行业标准,建筑地基处理技术规范(JGJ79-91) .北京:中国计划出版社,1992,pp18-21．
[4] 水伟厚.冲击应力与10000kN·m 高能级强夯系列试验研究[D].同济大学博士论文,2003
[5] L.Menard,Y.Broise.Theoretical and Practical Aspests of Dynamic Consolidation.Ground Treatment by Deep Compaction.Telford Ltd.London,1976．
[6] J.K.Michell.Soil Improvement--State-of-the-Art Report.Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineerings,Stockholm,1981,pp509-575．
[7] 齐玉凯.强夯法地基的有效加固深度.桂林工学院学报,1995,Vol.15(3) ,pp269-275．
[8] 钱家欢,钱学德,赵维炳等.动力固结的理论与实践.岩土工程学报,1986,Vol.8(6) .pp1-17．
[9] Gerald A.Leonard,William A.Cutter,Robert D.Holtz.Dynamic compaction of granular soils.Journal of the Geotechnical Engineering Division,Vol.106(1) ,1980,pp35-40．
[10] Robert G.Lukaes.Densification of loose deposits by pounding.J.of the Geotech.Engrg.Div.,ASCE,1980,Vol.106(4) ,435-446．
[11] Paul W.Mayne,Jones Jr.,Jean C.Dumas.Ground response to dynamic compaction.Journal of the Geotechnical Engineering,Vol.110(6) ,1984,pp757-774．
[12] M.P.Gambin.Ten Years of Dynamic Compaction.Proceedings of the Eighth Regional Conference for Africa on Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering,Harare,1984．
[13] J.A.Charles,D.Burford,K.S.Watts.Field Studies of the Effectiveness of Dynamic Consolidation.Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineerings(Ⅱ),Stockholm,1981,12/10,pp617-622．
[14] William F.Van Impe,Abdelmalek Bouazza.Densification of domestic waste fills by dynamic compaction.Can.Geotech.J.,Vol.33(6) ,1996,pp879-887．
[15] 范维垣等.强夯法加固地基的原理与应用.太原工业大学,1985,11．
[16] Adrian Wightman,Nelson F.Beaton.Improvement of a Dumped Rockfill Foundation by Dynamic Consolidation.Proceedings :Second International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering,1984,Vol.3,pp1365-1372．
[17] 汪文善.强夯法商榷.第四届全国土力学与基础工程学术讨论会论文集.北京:中国建筑工业出版社,1983．
[18] 王成华.强夯加固深度估算的等效拟静力法.第六届全国土力学及基础工程学术会议论文集.1991,上海:同济大学出版社,pp617-620．
[19] K.Marinescu.Modified method for intensive dynamic compaction of weak soils.Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering.1986,Vol.23(2) ,pp73-78．
[20] 吴达人.强夯法在厦门软基加固处理与应用.第五届全国土力学及基础工程学术会议论文集,1990,北京:中国建筑工业出版社,pp515-521．
[21] 刘惠珊,周根寿等.625t-m 强夯加固冶金渣地基.第五届全国土力学及基础工程学术会议论文集,1990． 北京:中国建筑工业出版社,pp522-527．
[22] Kyle M.Rollins,Ji-Hyoung Kim.U.S.experience with dynamic compaction of collapsible soils,pp25-43． In-Situ deep soil improvement.ASCE.New York,1994．
[23] 苏冰.洛阳石化总厂化纤工程4． 6万 m~2地基强夯处理.岩土工程学报,2001,Vol.23(2) ,pp221-226．
[24] Y.Luongo.Dynamic compaction:Predicting depth of improvement.In :Prec.of ASCE Specialty Con- ference on Grouting,Soil Improvement and Geosythesis.New Orleans.Ladd Geotechnical Special Publication 30． 1992,Vol.2,pp927-939．
[25] 范维垣.强夯法处理地基中的几个根本问题.第一届全国地基处理学术讨论会,上海,1986．
[26] 刘海冲.关于强夯加固地基影响深度的研究.勘察科学技术,1993,第3期,pp19-22．
[27] 徐志飞,顾安全.强夯法在黄土地区的应用和研究.全国黄土学术会议论文集.兰州,1993．
[28] Slocombe,B.C.(1993) .Dynamic compaction.In:Ground Improvement(ed.M.P.Moseley).pp20-39． Published in USA and Canada by CRC Press,Inc.London,1993．
[29] 张峰.碎石土的强夯模型试验研究.建筑科学,1992,No.3,25-28．
[30] 张永钧,平涌潮,孔繁峰,张峰.强夯法处理填海地基.软土地区土工与抗震国际会议论文集.地震出版社,1993,pp77-83．
[31] 徐至钧.采用大夯击能强夯处理大块抛石地基.石油工程建设,1997,No.1,pp12-17．
[32] 张平仓,汪稔.强夯法施工实践中加固深度问题浅析.岩土力学,2000,Vol.21,No.1,pp76-80．
[33] 蒋鹏.强夯机理分析及其计算模型.(博士学位论文).成都理工学院,成都,1999．
[34] 谭昌奉.湿陷性黄土强夯有效加固深度与夯沉量的确定.第三届全国岩土工程实录交流会文集.北京:兵器工业出版社,1993,pp444-447．
[35] 陈伟军,钱尧锋,海燕.强夯参数优化组合的探讨.地基基础工程,1998,Vol.8(2) ,pp60～64．
[36] 坂口旭,西海宏,服部正夫等.动压密工法基础工事.土基础,1979,27(9) ,pp206-209．
[37] 王钟琦,邓祥林.强夯机理及其环境影响.第四届土力学及基础工程学术会议论文选集.北京:中国建筑工业出版社,1986,pp554-563．
[38] 左名麒,朱树森.强夯法加固地基.北京:中国铁道出版社.1990．
[39] 王盛源.强夯法加固深度计算理论.港口工程,1989年,第6期,pp14-18．
[40] 柳国荣.计算强夯加固效应动力法.岩土工程师,1993,Vol.5(3) ,pp26-31．
[41] 方永凯,周芝英.强夯法加固地基的若干问题,第六届全国土力学及基础工程学术会议论文集,1991,上海,同济大学出版社,pp573-576．
[42] 吴铭炳,王钟琦.强夯机理的数值分析.工程勘 察,1989(3) ,pp1-5．
[43] Y.K.Chow,D.W.Yong,K.Y.Yong,S.L.Lee.Numerical modeling of dynamic compaction.Computer Methods and Advances in Geomechanics,Beer,1991,Vol.1,pp237-242．
[44] Chaim J.Poran,King-Sen Heh,Jorge A.Rodriguez.Impact behavior of sand.Japanese Society of Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering,Vol.32(4) ,1992,pp81-92．
[45] A.Oshima,N.Takada.Effect of ram momentum on compaction by heavy tamping.In :Proc.13th,Int.Conf.Soil Mech.Found.Engry.,1994,pp1141-1145．
[46] A.Oshima,N.Takada.Relation between compacted area and ram momentum by heavy tamping.In:Proc.14th.Int Conf.Soil Mech.Found.Engry.,pp1641-1644．
[47] H.L.Jessberger,R.A.Beire.Heary Tampings:Theoretical and Practical Aspects.In:Proe.of the 10th International Conf.on SoilMech.and Foundation Engineering,Stockholm,1981,pp695-699．
[48] 孔令伟,袁建新.强夯时地基土的应力场分布特征及应用.岩土力学,1999,20(3) ,pp13-19,23．
[49] 张利洁,聂文波等.强夯效果浅析.土工基础,2002,Vol.16(1) ,pp24-27．
[50] Scott R.McMullin.Evaluation of dynamic compaction of low level waste burial trenches containing B-25 Boxes.pp44-54． In-Situ deep soil improvement.ASCE.New York,1994．
[51] 钱尧锋,海燕.强夯加固有效影响范围的计算.岩土工程师,1997,Vol.9(3) ,pp21-25．
[52] Chaim J.Poran,Jorge A.Rodriguez.Finite element analysis of impact behavior of sand.Japanese Society of Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering.Vol.32(4) ,1992,pp68-80．
[53] 丁振洲,郑颖人.强夯法加固饱和软粘土地基数值模拟.地下空间,2002,Vol.22(2) ,pp137-141．
[54] Y.K.Chow,D.M.Yong,K.Y.Yong,S.L.lee.Dynamic compaction analysis.Joumal of the Geotechnical Engineering,Vol.118(8) ,1992,pp1141-1157．
[55] Y.K.Chow,D.M.Yong,S.L.Lee.Dynamic compaction of loose sand deposits.Japanese Society of Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering.Vol.32(4) ,1992,pp93-106．
[56] 汤磊,陈正汉.用 BP 网络预估强夯有效加固深度.地基处理,1999,Vol.10． No.3,pp58-62．
[57] 王成华.强夯地基加固深度估算方法评述.地基处理,1991,Vol.2(1) ,pp20-24．
[58] 张孔修,陈友文.强夯机理初探.地基处理.1993,Vol.4(3) ,pp36-41．
[59] Q.Gu,F.H.Lee.Ground response to dynamic compaction of dry sand.Geotechnique.Vol.52(7) ,2002,pp481-492．
[60] John F.O'Brien,Charles P.Gupton.In Situ Stabilization of Two Industrial Sites by Dynamic Compaction.Proceedings:Second International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering,St.Louis,1988,pp1259-1264．
[61] Hendy M.S.,Muir I.C.Experience of dynamic replacement on a 40m deep reclamation in HongKong.Ground Improvement Geosystems.ThomasTelford,London,1997,pp75-81．
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