疏勒河流域水资源管理决策支持信息系统设计
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摘要
世界银行贷款的疏勒河农业综合开发暨移民安置工程的实施 ,使流域内水土资源得到了极大规模的开发与利用 ,但同时也产生了湿地萎缩、植被退化、土地沙化和盐渍化等一系列较为严重的水环境问题。为实现流域整体生态、社会、经济效益的统一 ,保证区域经济与社会的可持续发展 ,建立科学、可靠、操作性强的流域水资源管理决策支持信息系统是实现上述目标的根本保障。在分析系统需求的基础上 ,结合疏勒河流域水资源特点对系统的结构、系统功能、系统实现等方面进行了初步探讨 ,认为疏勒河流域水资源管理决策支持信息系统应是一个以硬件、系统软件、组织机构以及水资源数据为基础 ,“3S”技术及水资源管理专业模型为支撑的 ,集数据的采集、传输、存储、管理、分析、决策、输入、输出为一体的集成系统 ,以进行疏勒河流域水资源的评价、科学管理和决策。
Water and soil resources in Shule River Basin were exploited widely based on the execution of integrated agricultural development and immigrant allocation project in the basin. Meanwhile, there are some serious hydro environmental problems such as wetland shrinking, vegetation degradation, land desertification and salification. Establishing a scientific, reliable and operational water resources managing and decision making supporting information system is a basement for balancing the ecological environment, society and economic benefit and ensuring sustainable development of the regional economy. Initial studies for the structure, function and implementation of the system were done by analyzing the system requirement. It shows that the system should be based on the hardware, software and water resources data, and supported by Remote Sensing, GIS and GPS technologies and special models for water resource management. And it should consist of data collecting, transmitting, saving, managing, analyzing, decision making supporting, inputting and system were outputting for purpose of assessment, management and decision making support in Shule River Basin.
Water and soil resources in Shule River Basin were exploited widely based on the execution of integrated agricultural development and immigrant allocation project in the basin. Meanwhile, there are some serious hydro environmental problems such as wetland shrinking, vegetation degradation, land desertification and salification. Establishing a scientific, reliable and operational water resources managing and decision making supporting information system is a basement for balancing the ecological environment, society and economic benefit and ensuring sustainable development of the regional economy. Initial studies for the structure, function and implementation of the system were done by analyzing the system requirement. It shows that the system should be based on the hardware, software and water resources data, and supported by Remote Sensing, GIS and GPS technologies and special models for water resource management. And it should consist of data collecting, transmitting, saving, managing, analyzing, decision making supporting, inputting and system were outputting for purpose of assessment, management and decision making support in Shule River Basin.
引文
〔1〕 甘肃省水利水电勘测设计研究院.中国甘肃省疏勒河流域农业灌溉暨移民安置综合开发项目水利部分可行性研究报告〔R〕.1992.
〔2〕 甘肃省地质矿产局地质科学研究所.甘肃省河西走廊地下水分布规律与合理开发利用研究〔R〕.1984.
〔3〕 马金珠,高前兆.西北干旱区内陆河流域水资源系统与生态环境问题〔J〕.干旱区资源与环境,1997,11(4):15～21.
〔4〕 范锡朋.西北干旱区地下水特征及水资源开发引起的环境问题〔J〕.水文地质工程地质,1990,15(2):12～16.
〔5〕 李文鹏.中国西北典型干旱区地下水流系统〔M〕.北京:地震出版社,1995.
〔6〕 杨悦所,林学钰.实用地下水管理模型〔M〕.长春:东北师范大学出版社,1992.
〔7〕 刘新仁.系列化水文模型研究〔J〕.河海大学学报,1997,25(3):7～14.
〔8〕 夏军.可持续水资源管理研究的若干热点及讨论〔J〕.人民长江,1997,28(4):25～26.
〔9〕 曾思玉,傅国伟.中国水资源管理问题分析与集成化水管理模式的推行〔J〕.水科学进展,2001,12(1):81～86.
〔2〕 甘肃省地质矿产局地质科学研究所.甘肃省河西走廊地下水分布规律与合理开发利用研究〔R〕.1984.
〔3〕 马金珠,高前兆.西北干旱区内陆河流域水资源系统与生态环境问题〔J〕.干旱区资源与环境,1997,11(4):15～21.
〔4〕 范锡朋.西北干旱区地下水特征及水资源开发引起的环境问题〔J〕.水文地质工程地质,1990,15(2):12～16.
〔5〕 李文鹏.中国西北典型干旱区地下水流系统〔M〕.北京:地震出版社,1995.
〔6〕 杨悦所,林学钰.实用地下水管理模型〔M〕.长春:东北师范大学出版社,1992.
〔7〕 刘新仁.系列化水文模型研究〔J〕.河海大学学报,1997,25(3):7～14.
〔8〕 夏军.可持续水资源管理研究的若干热点及讨论〔J〕.人民长江,1997,28(4):25～26.
〔9〕 曾思玉,傅国伟.中国水资源管理问题分析与集成化水管理模式的推行〔J〕.水科学进展,2001,12(1):81～86.
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