困难地形条件下地震反射在煤矿采空区的技术研究
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摘要
研究目的:复杂地形地质条件下煤矿采空区的勘察,依据地震反射是主要的技术手段,技术难点是如何合理的布线,采用保真数据处理技术,准确获取高信噪比、高精度数据,本文对此进行研究,提出相应的技术措施。研究结论:通过对太中线临县地形复杂地区和黄土塬地区的煤矿采空区的勘探,采用地震反射进行了一次成功实践;勘察中沿自然沟谷弯线施工,利用自然出露的基岩可"避虚就实",个别地段采用加密炮和调头炮来提高叠加次数;并在地震反射弯线处理上,合理选取CDP共反射面元范围,处理精度显著提高,可以准确确定煤矿采空区边界,为铁路选线提供了有利的地质依据。
Research purposes: Seismic reflection is the main technical method for the gob exploration under complicated terrain and geological conditions,and the difficult points in technology are how to arrange lines reasonably and how to gain the high signal-to-noise ratio and high precise data with high-resolution data processing technology.This paper researches it and offers the relevant technical measures.Research conclusions:The seismic reflection was successfully used for the exploration of coalmine gob in the area with complicated geological terrain condition and in loess area in Linxian along Taiyuan-Zhongwei-Yinchuan Railway Line.During the investigation along the natural ditch,the natural superficial bedrock was used to reach the goal of"dwelling on the solid body and avoiding empty body",and in a specific area,the congested cannon and turnaround cannon were used for increasing the superposed times.For treatment of bend line of seismic reflection,the reasonable selection of CDP range of the plane of common reflection could improve the treatment accuracy remarkably and determine the boundary of coal gob accurately,which could provide the powerful basis for the railway route selection.
Research purposes: Seismic reflection is the main technical method for the gob exploration under complicated terrain and geological conditions,and the difficult points in technology are how to arrange lines reasonably and how to gain the high signal-to-noise ratio and high precise data with high-resolution data processing technology.This paper researches it and offers the relevant technical measures.Research conclusions:The seismic reflection was successfully used for the exploration of coalmine gob in the area with complicated geological terrain condition and in loess area in Linxian along Taiyuan-Zhongwei-Yinchuan Railway Line.During the investigation along the natural ditch,the natural superficial bedrock was used to reach the goal of"dwelling on the solid body and avoiding empty body",and in a specific area,the congested cannon and turnaround cannon were used for increasing the superposed times.For treatment of bend line of seismic reflection,the reasonable selection of CDP range of the plane of common reflection could improve the treatment accuracy remarkably and determine the boundary of coal gob accurately,which could provide the powerful basis for the railway route selection.
引文
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[2]杨新安,李怒放,李志华.路基检测新技术[M].北京:中国铁道出版社,2005.Yang Xinan,Li Nufang.Newly Technique of Detectionon Subgrade[M].Beijing:China Railway PublishingHouse,2005.
[3]李志华.路基稳定性无损检测方法技术研究[J].铁道工程学报,2007(2):28-31.Li Zhihua.Research on the Method of SubgradeStability None-damaged Testing[J].Journal ofRailway Engineering Society,2007(2):28-31.
[4]石明生,张永雨.电测深法和钻探相结合在山区地质勘察中的应用[J].地质与勘探,2005(5):92-95.Shi Mingsheng,Zhang Yongyu.Application of theCombination Method of Electric Sounding and Drillingin Geological Investigation in Mountain Districts[J].Geology and Prospecting,2005(5):92-95.
[5]杨磊,樊耀武.综合勘察在石流坡地区线路方案选择中的应用[J].铁道工程学报,2008(4):1-3.Yang Lei,Fan Yaowu.Application of Integrated Surveyfor Route Selection in Rock Glacier Side Zone[J].Journal of Railway Engineering Society,2008(4):1-3.
[6]卿三惠,杨家松,钟章队.高压富水地层超深埋特长隧道施工技术研究[J].铁道工程学报,2009(1):86-91.Qing Sanhui,Yang Jiasong,Zhong Zhangdui.Researchon the Construction Technology for Deep-buried LongTunnel in High-pressure and Water-rich Stratum[J].Journal of Railway Engineering Society,2009(1):86-91.
[7]陆少伟,何剑.岩溶隧道施工关键技术探讨[J].铁道工程学报,2009(3):43-47.Lu Shaowei,He Jian.Discussion on the KeyTechnologies for Construction of Karst Tunnel[J].Journal of Railway Engineering Society,2009(3):43-47.
[8]陆基孟.地震勘探原理[M].东营:中国石油大学出版社,2006.Lu Jimeng.Seismic Exploration Theory[M].Dongying:China University of Petroleum Publishing House,2006.
[9]李振春,张军华.地震数据处理方法[M].东营:中国石油大学出版社,2004.Li Zhenchun,Zhang Junhua.The Method of SeismicData Processing[M].Dongying:China University ofPetroleum Publishing House,2004.
[10]冯兵,孙渊,李貅.工程及水文物探教程[M].西安:陕西人民教育出版社,2003.Feng Bin,Sun Yuan,Li Xiu.Engineering andHydrographic Geophysical Exploration Course[M].Xi′an:The People Education Publishing House,2003.
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