重庆荣昌诱发地震区精细速度结构及2010年M_L5.1地震序列精确定位
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摘要
根据重庆市地震台网和流动地震台网记录到的天然地震资料,利用接收函数反演得到荣昌地区的精细一维速度结构。在此基础上用双差定位法对2010年9月10日重庆荣昌M_L5.1地震序列进行了精定位。结果表明,地震定位精度得到极大提高,震中分布与区域地质构造的关系更加清晰。多数地震集中在主要断层附近并呈条带状分布,震源深度集中在2km附近,与主要储藏层及注水井深度吻合,初步认为该地震序列为注水活动所诱发的构造地震活动。文中获得的精准的速度结构及地震空间分布对于进一步深入研究震区深部地质构造特征、注水诱发地震的机理等具有重要意义。
Based on data collected from a temporary seismic network,in addition to some nearby permanent stations,we investigate velocity structure and seismicity in Rongchang gas field,where significant injection-induced seismicity has been identified. First,we use receiver functions from distant earthquakes to invert for detailed 1-D velocity structures beneath typical stations. Then,we use the double-difference hypocenter location method to relocate earthquakes of the 2010 M_L5.1 earthquake sequence occurring at the region. The relocated hypocenters show that the 2010 M_L 5.1 earthquake sequence was distributed in a small area surrounding major injection wells and clustered mostly along pre-existing faults. Major earthquakes show a focal depth less than 5km with a dominant depth of～2km,a depth of major reservoirs and injection wells. We thus conclude that the 2010 M_L 5.1 earthquake sequence might be induced by deep well injection of unwanted water at a depth～3km in Rongchang gas field.
Based on data collected from a temporary seismic network,in addition to some nearby permanent stations,we investigate velocity structure and seismicity in Rongchang gas field,where significant injection-induced seismicity has been identified. First,we use receiver functions from distant earthquakes to invert for detailed 1-D velocity structures beneath typical stations. Then,we use the double-difference hypocenter location method to relocate earthquakes of the 2010 M_L5.1 earthquake sequence occurring at the region. The relocated hypocenters show that the 2010 M_L 5.1 earthquake sequence was distributed in a small area surrounding major injection wells and clustered mostly along pre-existing faults. Major earthquakes show a focal depth less than 5km with a dominant depth of～2km,a depth of major reservoirs and injection wells. We thus conclude that the 2010 M_L 5.1 earthquake sequence might be induced by deep well injection of unwanted water at a depth～3km in Rongchang gas field.
引文
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魏贵春,陈俊华,廖武林,等.2009.郭家坝地震序列的双差法重新定位研究[J].大地测量与地球动力学,29(6):56—59.WEI Gui-chun,CHEN Jun-hua,LIAO Wu-lin,et al.2009.Relocation of Guojiaba earthquake sequence by using doubledifference location algorithm[J].Journal of Geodesy and Geodynamics,29(6):56—59(in Chinese).
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王小龙,倪四道,刘渊源,等.2010.利用远震接收函数分析三峡库区重庆段地壳厚度变化[J].地震地质,32(4):543—551.doi:10.3969/j.issn.0253-4967.2010.04.002.WANG Xiao-long,NI Si-dao,LIU Yuan-yuan,et al.2010.Study of crustal thickness variation in Chongqing section ofThree Gorges Reservoir area from teleseismic receiver function method[J].Seismology and Geology,32(4):543—551(in Chinese).
吴庆举,曾融生.1998.用宽频带远震接收函数研究青藏高原的地壳结构[J].地球物理学报,41(5):669—679.WU Qing-ju,ZENG Rong-sheng.1998.The crustal structure of Qinghai-Xizang plateau inferred from broadbandteleseismic waveform[J].Chinese J Geophys,41(5):669—679(in Chinese).
杨中书,曾文敬.2007.利用双差法对2005年江西九江-瑞昌5.7级地震序列重新定位[J].地震地磁观测与研究,28(2):25—31.YANG Zhong-shu,ZENG Wen-jing.2007.Relocation of the26Nov2005Jiujiang-Ruichang M5.7earthquake sequenceusing the double-difference earthquake location algorithm[J].Seismological and Geomagnetic Observation andResearch,28(2):25—31(in Chinese).
杨智娴,陈运泰,郑月军,等.2003.双差地震定位法在中国西部地区地震精确定位中的应用[J].中国科学(D辑),33(增刊):129—134.YANG Zhi-xian,CHEN Yun-tai,ZHENG Yue-jun,et al.2003.Relocation of earthquakes in central-western China usingthe double difference earthquake location algorithm[J].Science in China(Ser D),46(Suppl):181—188(inChinese).
赵金花,李波,陆汉鹏,等.2007.单一地震事件与多个地震事件的定位方法及应用[J].地震地磁观测与研究,28(4):15—19.ZHAO Jin-hua,LI Bo,LU Han-peng,et al.2007.The earthquake location methods for single seismic event and a number of seismic events and their application[J].Seismological and Geomagnetic Observation and Research,28(4):15—19(in Chinese).
Lei Xing-lin,Yu Guo-zheng,Ma Sheng-li,et al.2008.Earthquakes induced by water injection at～3km depth within theRongchang gas field,Chongqing,China[J].Journal of Geophysical Research,113:B10310.
Shapiro S A,Dinske C.2009.Fluid-induced seismicity:Pressure diffusion and hydraulic fracturing[J].GeophysicalProspecting,57(2):301—310.
Waldhauser F,Ellsworth W L.2000.A double-difference earthquake location algorithm:Method and application to the northern Hayward Fault,California[J].Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America,90(6):1353—1368.
Zhu Lupei,Hiroo Kanamori.2000.Moho depth variation in southern California from teleseismic receiver functions[J].Journal of Geophysical Research,105(B2):2969—2980.
程式,刘文泰.1992.中国注水诱发地震的又一个实例[J].地震,(1):63—66.CHEN Shi,LIU Wen-tai.1992.Another sample of earthquakes induced by water injection in China[J].Earthquake,(1):63—66(in Chinese).
丁仁杰,李克昌,等.2004.重庆地震研究[M].北京:地震出版社.DING Ren-jie,LI Ke-chang,et al.2004.Research of Earthquakes in Chongqing[M].Seismological Press,Beijing(inChinese).
贺传松,王椿镛,吴庆举.2003.接收函数方法及其新的进展[J].地球物理学进展,18(2):224—228.HE Chuan-song,WANG Chun-yong,WU Qing-ju.2003.The receiver function method and its new progress[J].Progress in Geophysics,18(2):224—228(in Chinese).
黄世源,魏红梅.2007.2006年荣昌地震活动与注水关系[J].高原地震,19(2):8—11.HUANG Shi-yuan,WEI Hong-mei.2007.Relation between seismic activities and water-injection[J].Plateau Earthquake Research,19(2):8—11(in Chinese).
李永华,吴庆举,田小波,等.2009.用接收函数方法研究云南及其邻区地壳上地幔结构[J].地球物理学报,52(1):67—80.LI Yong-hua,WU Qing-ju,TIAN Xiao-bo,et al.2009.Crustal structure in the Yunnan region determined by modelingreceiver functions[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,52(1):67—80(in Chinese).
刘启元,Rainer Kind,李顺成.1997.中国数字地震台网的接收函数及其非线性反演[J].地球物理学报,40(3):356—368.LIU Qi-yuan,Rainer Kind,LI Shun-cheng.1997.Receiver functions at the stations of the Chinese Digital Seismic Network(CDSN)and their nonlinear inversion[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,40(3):356—368(in Chinese).
龙锋,杜方,阮祥,等.2010.用ETAS模型分析自贡矿井注水触发地震[J].中国地震,26(2):164—171.LONG Feng,DU Fang,RUAN Xiang,et al.2010.Water injection triggered earthquakes in the Zigong mineral wells inETAS model[J].Earthquake Research in China,26(2):164—171(in Chinese).
四川省地质矿产局.1991.四川省区域地质志[M].北京:地质出版社.Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources of Sichuan Province.1991.Regional Geology of Sichuan Province[M].Geological Publishing House,Beijing(in Chinese).
魏贵春,陈俊华,廖武林,等.2009.郭家坝地震序列的双差法重新定位研究[J].大地测量与地球动力学,29(6):56—59.WEI Gui-chun,CHEN Jun-hua,LIAO Wu-lin,et al.2009.Relocation of Guojiaba earthquake sequence by using doubledifference location algorithm[J].Journal of Geodesy and Geodynamics,29(6):56—59(in Chinese).
王小龙,马胜利,雷兴林,等.2011.重庆荣昌地区注水诱发地震加密观测[J].地震地质,33(1):151—156.doi:10.3969/j.issn.0253-4967.2011.01.015.WANG Xiao-long,MA Sheng-li,LEI Xing-lin,et al.2011.Monitoring of injection-induced seismicity at Rongchang,Chongqing[J].Seismology and Geology,33(1):151—156.(in Chinese).
王小龙,倪四道,刘渊源,等.2010.利用远震接收函数分析三峡库区重庆段地壳厚度变化[J].地震地质,32(4):543—551.doi:10.3969/j.issn.0253-4967.2010.04.002.WANG Xiao-long,NI Si-dao,LIU Yuan-yuan,et al.2010.Study of crustal thickness variation in Chongqing section ofThree Gorges Reservoir area from teleseismic receiver function method[J].Seismology and Geology,32(4):543—551(in Chinese).
吴庆举,曾融生.1998.用宽频带远震接收函数研究青藏高原的地壳结构[J].地球物理学报,41(5):669—679.WU Qing-ju,ZENG Rong-sheng.1998.The crustal structure of Qinghai-Xizang plateau inferred from broadbandteleseismic waveform[J].Chinese J Geophys,41(5):669—679(in Chinese).
杨中书,曾文敬.2007.利用双差法对2005年江西九江-瑞昌5.7级地震序列重新定位[J].地震地磁观测与研究,28(2):25—31.YANG Zhong-shu,ZENG Wen-jing.2007.Relocation of the26Nov2005Jiujiang-Ruichang M5.7earthquake sequenceusing the double-difference earthquake location algorithm[J].Seismological and Geomagnetic Observation andResearch,28(2):25—31(in Chinese).
杨智娴,陈运泰,郑月军,等.2003.双差地震定位法在中国西部地区地震精确定位中的应用[J].中国科学(D辑),33(增刊):129—134.YANG Zhi-xian,CHEN Yun-tai,ZHENG Yue-jun,et al.2003.Relocation of earthquakes in central-western China usingthe double difference earthquake location algorithm[J].Science in China(Ser D),46(Suppl):181—188(inChinese).
赵金花,李波,陆汉鹏,等.2007.单一地震事件与多个地震事件的定位方法及应用[J].地震地磁观测与研究,28(4):15—19.ZHAO Jin-hua,LI Bo,LU Han-peng,et al.2007.The earthquake location methods for single seismic event and a number of seismic events and their application[J].Seismological and Geomagnetic Observation and Research,28(4):15—19(in Chinese).
Lei Xing-lin,Yu Guo-zheng,Ma Sheng-li,et al.2008.Earthquakes induced by water injection at～3km depth within theRongchang gas field,Chongqing,China[J].Journal of Geophysical Research,113:B10310.
Shapiro S A,Dinske C.2009.Fluid-induced seismicity:Pressure diffusion and hydraulic fracturing[J].GeophysicalProspecting,57(2):301—310.
Waldhauser F,Ellsworth W L.2000.A double-difference earthquake location algorithm:Method and application to the northern Hayward Fault,California[J].Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America,90(6):1353—1368.
Zhu Lupei,Hiroo Kanamori.2000.Moho depth variation in southern California from teleseismic receiver functions[J].Journal of Geophysical Research,105(B2):2969—2980.
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