汶川地震都江堰市建筑震害空间分布及影响因素
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摘要
根据都江堰市建筑震害调查结果,考虑城市空间演进及地震动作用空间差异影响,研究了汶川地震都江堰市建筑震害空间分布规律及其成因.首先,根据都江堰市城市区划及震害特点,空间上将沿远离山体方向划分为内环和外环两部分;然后,考虑抗震设计规范体系演进对城市震害的空间分布影响将建筑按照典型建设时期分类,对比研究了各时期建筑的震害在空间上的分布;最后,分析了城市空间演进、地形条件、场地条件以及与断层破裂距离等因素对震害空间分布的影响.研究发现,城市建筑的空间演进是影响震害空间分布的主要因素,都江堰市早期建筑平均震害指数最大可达新建建筑的6.5倍;地震动作用的空间差异也是影响震害空间分布的重要原因,内环区域的平均震害指数可达外环的1.88倍.该研究为未来的建筑结构抗震设计以及震害预测提供了参考依据.
Base on the outcomes of seismic damage assesment in Dujiangyan City,spatial distribution of building seismic damage subjected to Wenchuan earthquake was investigated and the possible causes were analyzed with the two key factors of the spatial evolution of urban area and the spatial earthquake inputs taken into account.Firstly,urban layout and characteristics of seismic damage in Dujiangyan City were considered along the direction normal to the mountains,and the city was divided into two regions spatially by the inner ring road and the outer ring road.Then,considering that the evolution of seismic codes would cause remarkable changes on seismic performance of buildings,buildings were divided into groups in chronological order,and the seismic damages of building groups were compared spatially by each period.Finally,the influential factors of spatial urban evolvement,topographical condition,site condition and distance to fault on the spatial distribution of seismic damage were discussed.It is found that the spatial evolution of urban area is the key cause to the spatial seismic damage distribution.From the analysis,early-age buildings has up to 6.5 times higher average damage level than the new buildings.And the spatial ground motion input is also an important cause for the damage distribution.In Dujiangyan City,seismic damage in inner ring road part is significantly higher than that of the outer ring road part,with the amount of up to 1.88 times higher than the latter.This study will provide solid references for future aseismic design and damage prediction.
Base on the outcomes of seismic damage assesment in Dujiangyan City,spatial distribution of building seismic damage subjected to Wenchuan earthquake was investigated and the possible causes were analyzed with the two key factors of the spatial evolution of urban area and the spatial earthquake inputs taken into account.Firstly,urban layout and characteristics of seismic damage in Dujiangyan City were considered along the direction normal to the mountains,and the city was divided into two regions spatially by the inner ring road and the outer ring road.Then,considering that the evolution of seismic codes would cause remarkable changes on seismic performance of buildings,buildings were divided into groups in chronological order,and the seismic damages of building groups were compared spatially by each period.Finally,the influential factors of spatial urban evolvement,topographical condition,site condition and distance to fault on the spatial distribution of seismic damage were discussed.It is found that the spatial evolution of urban area is the key cause to the spatial seismic damage distribution.From the analysis,early-age buildings has up to 6.5 times higher average damage level than the new buildings.And the spatial ground motion input is also an important cause for the damage distribution.In Dujiangyan City,seismic damage in inner ring road part is significantly higher than that of the outer ring road part,with the amount of up to 1.88 times higher than the latter.This study will provide solid references for future aseismic design and damage prediction.
引文
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[3]国家质量技术监督局.GB/T 18208.3—2000地震现场工作第三部分——调查规范[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2000
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[2]中华人民共和国建设部.建抗字第377号建筑地震破坏等级划分标准[S].北京:[s n],1990
[3]国家质量技术监督局.GB/T 18208.3—2000地震现场工作第三部分——调查规范[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2000
[4]GELI L,BARD P Y,JULLIEN B.The effect oftopography on earthquake ground motion:a reviewand new results[J].Bulletin of the SeismologicalSociety of America,1988,78(1):42-63
[5]JIBSON R.Summary of research on the effects oftopographic amplification of earthquake shaking onslope stability[R]//Open File Report No.87-268.California:United States Geological Survey,1987
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