对东南沿海1067年和1574年两次地震的分析
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摘要
地震目录给出的 1067年广东潮汕地震的参数不能合理解释历史记载中该地震的震害分布。文中将这次地震与 1918年南澳大地震在相同地点的震害记载进行了对比,发现几乎相同,进而论证了这两次地震属发生在同一震源的特征地震事件的可能性,认为 1067年地震的震中很可能位于南澎列岛西侧,其震级可达 71 /4。鉴于目前对 1574年福建东北沿海 53 /4级地震事件有不同的认识,文中重新分析了该地震的破坏区与有感区的分布,并与 1906年厦门海外地震进行了比较。结果认为, 1574年地震的震中更有可能位于福州—莆田以东的海域,且震级可能达到 61 /4。文中还认为:史料中有关 1574年浙江庆元地震的记述所指的可能不是发生在当地的破坏性地震,而更可能就是同年发生在福州—莆田以东海域的那次地震。1067年和 1574年地震可能都发生在NE向的滨海断裂带上。
The parameters given by the available earthquake catalogs for the 1067 AD Chaoshan, Guandong, earthquake can't be used to explain reasonably the geographical distribution of the earthquake damages recorded in the historical documents. Comparing the recorded damages caused by this event with those caused by the 1918 AD Nan-ao large earthquake at the same places, we find that they are almost the same, and prove that these two earthquakes should be the characteristic earthquakes occurred on the same source. These imply that the 1067 earthquake should be located at just west of the Nanpeng Islands, and its magnitude should be up to 71/4. In view of that there have been diverse recognitions of the 1574 AD earthquake occurred in the coastal region of northeastern Fujian, we have reanalyzed the distributions of the damaged and felt areas of this event, and made a comparison with that of the 1906 AD earthquake off-shore of Xiamen. As a result, it is confirmed that the epicenter of the 1574 AD earthquake should be located at the sea area east of the shore between Fuzhou and Putian, but its magnitude is possibly up to 61/4. Moreover, it is believed that the 1574 Qingyuan, Zhejiang, earthquake recorded in relevant historical document is unlikely a destructive earthquake that occurred at Qingyuan, but more probably is just the one occurred at the sea area east of the shore between Fuzhou and Putian in the same year. Both the 1067 and the 1574 earthquakes were produced possibly along the NE-trending Off-shore Fault zone.
The parameters given by the available earthquake catalogs for the 1067 AD Chaoshan, Guandong, earthquake can't be used to explain reasonably the geographical distribution of the earthquake damages recorded in the historical documents. Comparing the recorded damages caused by this event with those caused by the 1918 AD Nan-ao large earthquake at the same places, we find that they are almost the same, and prove that these two earthquakes should be the characteristic earthquakes occurred on the same source. These imply that the 1067 earthquake should be located at just west of the Nanpeng Islands, and its magnitude should be up to 71/4. In view of that there have been diverse recognitions of the 1574 AD earthquake occurred in the coastal region of northeastern Fujian, we have reanalyzed the distributions of the damaged and felt areas of this event, and made a comparison with that of the 1906 AD earthquake off-shore of Xiamen. As a result, it is confirmed that the epicenter of the 1574 AD earthquake should be located at the sea area east of the shore between Fuzhou and Putian, but its magnitude is possibly up to 61/4. Moreover, it is believed that the 1574 Qingyuan, Zhejiang, earthquake recorded in relevant historical document is unlikely a destructive earthquake that occurred at Qingyuan, but more probably is just the one occurred at the sea area east of the shore between Fuzhou and Putian in the same year. Both the 1067 and the 1574 earthquakes were produced possibly along the NE-trending Off-shore Fault zone.
引文
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魏柏林主编.2001.东南沿海地震活动特征[M].北京:地震出版社.1—516.
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闻学泽,徐锡伟.2003.福州盆地的地震环境与主要断层的最大发震能力评价[J].地震地质,25(4):509—524.
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杨义全.1985.广东省南澎小震与1918年的大震[J].华南地震,5(1):35—38.
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ZHANGPei zhen,DENGQi dong,ZHANGGuo min, etal.2003.StrongearthquakeactivitiesandactivetectonicblocksoftheChinesemainland[J].ScienceinChina(SerD),46(Suppl):13—24.
中国地震局震害防御司.1999.中国近代地震目录[M].北京:中国科学技术出版社.1—637.
DepartmentofEarthquakeDisasterPrevention,ChinaSeismologicalBureau(ed).1999.TheCatalogueofModernEarthquakesinChina[M].ChinaScienceandTechnologyPress,Beijing.1—637(inChinese).
①汪一鹏等,2000,华南沿海(珠江三角洲、闽东南等)地震重点监视防御区孕震(隐伏)活动构造的定量研究与强震危险性评估,中国地震局“九五”重点项目专题研究报告,中国地震局地质研究所科研报告2000J0017。
陈家超,冯霞英.1992.中国东南沿海地震带大震重复性和大震减震作用[J].华南地震,12(3):29—35.
CHENJia chao,FENGXia ying.1992.RecurrenceandattenuationofmajorearthquakesinsoutheastChinacoastalseismicbelt[J].SouthChinaJournalofSeismology,12(3):29—35(inChinese).
丁祥焕主编.1999.福建东南沿海活动断裂与地震[M].福州:福建科学技术出版社.1—223.
DINGXiang huan(ed).1999.ActiveFaultsandEarthquakesintheCoastalRegionofSoutheasternFujian[M].Fu jianScienceandTechnologyPress,Fuzhou.1—223(inChinese).
国家地震局地球物理研究所,复旦大学历史地理研究所.1990a.中国历史地震图集(远古至元时期)[Z].北京:中国地图出版社.1—174.
InstituteofGeophysicsofStateSeismologicalBureau,InstituteofHistoricGeographyofFudanUniversity(eds).1990a.TheAtlasofHistoricEarthquakesofChina(VolumeforRemoteAntiquitytoYuanDynasties)[Z].Chi naCartographicPublishingHouse,Beijing.1—174(inChinese).
国家地震局地球物理研究所,复旦大学历史地理研究所.1990b.中国历史地震图集(明时期)[Z].北京:中国地图出版社.1—194.
InstituteofGeophysicsofStateSeismologicalBureau,InstituteofHistoricGeographyofFudanUniversity(eds).1990b.TheAtlasofHistoricEarthquakesofChina(VolumeforMingDynasty)[Z].ChinaCartographicPub lishingHouse,Beijing.1—194(inChinese).
国家地震局地球物理研究所,复旦大学历史地理研究所.1990c.中国历史地震图集(清时期)[Z].北京:中国地图出版社.1—244.
InstituteofGeophysicsofStateSeismologicalBureau,InstituteofHistoricGeographyofFudanUniversity(eds).1990c.TheAtlasofHistoricEarthquakesofChina(VolumeforQingDynasty)[Z].ChinaCartographicPublish ingHouse,Beijing.1—244(inChinese).
国家地震局震害防御司.1995.中国历史强震目录[M].北京:地震出版社.1—514.
DepartmentofEarthquakeDisasterPreventionofSateSeismologicalBureau(ed).1995.TheCatalogueofHistoricalStrongEarthquakesinChina[M].SeismologicalPress,Beijing.1—514(inChinese).
顾功叙主编.1983.中国地震目录(公元前1831年—公元1969年)[M].北京:科学出版社.1—890.
GUGong xu(ed)1983.EarthquakeCatalogeofChina(1831BCto1969AD)[M].SciencePress,Beijing.1—890(inChinese).
马宗晋,王乾盈,徐杰,等.2002.台湾海峡两岸横向构造的对比研究[J].中国科学(D辑),32(6):441—451.
MAZong jin,WANGChien ying,XUJie, etal.2002.StudyonthetransversestructuresacrossTaiwanStrait[J].ScienceinChina(SerD),45(12):1114—1126.
魏柏林主编.2001.东南沿海地震活动特征[M].北京:地震出版社.1—516.
WEIBo lin(ed).2001.CharacteristicsofSeismicActivityintheSoutheasternCoastalRegionofChina[M].Seis mologicalPress,Beijing.1—516(inChinese).
闻学泽,徐锡伟.2003.福州盆地的地震环境与主要断层的最大发震能力评价[J].地震地质,25(4):509—524.
WENXue ze,XUXi wei.2003.SeismogenicenvironmentandassessmentofthemaximummagnitudeofpotentialearthquakesonthemainfaultsinFuzhouBasin[J].SeismologyandGeology,25(4):509—524(inChinese).
杨义全.1985.广东省南澎小震与1918年的大震[J].华南地震,5(1):35—38.
YANGYi quan.1985.TheMicroseismicityatNanpeng,GuangdongProvinceandthebigearthquakein1918[J].SouthChinaJournalofSeismology,5(1):35—38(inChinese).
张培震,邓起东,张国民,等.2003.中国大陆的强震活动与活动地块[J].中国科学(D辑),33(增刊):12—20.
ZHANGPei zhen,DENGQi dong,ZHANGGuo min, etal.2003.StrongearthquakeactivitiesandactivetectonicblocksoftheChinesemainland[J].ScienceinChina(SerD),46(Suppl):13—24.
中国地震局震害防御司.1999.中国近代地震目录[M].北京:中国科学技术出版社.1—637.
DepartmentofEarthquakeDisasterPrevention,ChinaSeismologicalBureau(ed).1999.TheCatalogueofModernEarthquakesinChina[M].ChinaScienceandTechnologyPress,Beijing.1—637(inChinese).
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