遥感-岩石力学(VII)——岩石低速撞击的热红外遥感成像实验研究
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摘要
利用热红外遥感成像技术进行岩石低速撞击瞬间的遥感监测,分别进行了以大理岩为主的不同岩性的垂直撞击实验、不同角度的倾斜撞击实验以及不同表面条件(潮湿度)的垂直撞击实验。发现(1)岩石垂直撞击时,均存在一临界速度,不同岩性岩石的临界速度值有所差异,以大理岩为例,其临界速度约为15m/s;(2)辐射特征与撞击因子相关,大理岩在临界速度以内垂直撞击时,热红外辐射通量增量与弹体动能线性相关,热红外辐射温度增量与撞击速度二次相关;(3)不同角度撞击时,热红外辐射特征各不相同,其辐射强度基本上都比相同速度下垂直撞击时强,且在45°角入射时达到峰值;(4)潮湿与干燥大理岩在垂直撞击时具有不同的热红外辐射特征,且其变化趋势与速度相关。
By means of thermal infrared imaging detection on the transient process of rock impact with low velocity,the experiments with variable impacting angle,moisture and lithology are carried out. It is discovered that (1) there exists a critical velocity when rocks subjected to a normal impact,and the critical velocity varies with the rock types and it is about 15 m/s for marble,(2) the radiant characteristics are closely related to the impacting factors,and as to marble subjected to a normal impact within the critical velocity,the increment of thermal infrared (TIR) radiant flux is of linear correlation with the impaction kinetic energy,and the increment of TIR temperature is of conic correlation with the impacting velocity,(3) the radiant characteristics varies with the impacting angle,the radiant intensity in normal impact is almost the weakest,and it reaches the maximum value when the angle is about 45°,and (4) wet and dry rocks show difference in radiant characteristics under impact,and the trend of difference is relevant to the velocity.
By means of thermal infrared imaging detection on the transient process of rock impact with low velocity,the experiments with variable impacting angle,moisture and lithology are carried out. It is discovered that (1) there exists a critical velocity when rocks subjected to a normal impact,and the critical velocity varies with the rock types and it is about 15 m/s for marble,(2) the radiant characteristics are closely related to the impacting factors,and as to marble subjected to a normal impact within the critical velocity,the increment of thermal infrared (TIR) radiant flux is of linear correlation with the impaction kinetic energy,and the increment of TIR temperature is of conic correlation with the impacting velocity,(3) the radiant characteristics varies with the impacting angle,the radiant intensity in normal impact is almost the weakest,and it reaches the maximum value when the angle is about 45°,and (4) wet and dry rocks show difference in radiant characteristics under impact,and the trend of difference is relevant to the velocity.
引文
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2钱伟长.穿甲力学[M].北京:国防工业出版社,1984
3马晓青.冲击动力学[M].北京:北京理工大学出版社,1991
4GilbertM,HobbsB,Moly n eauxT CK.Theperfo rm anceofunrein forcedm asonr ywallssub je ctedtolow-ve locityimpacts:experiments[J].Int.J.ImpactEngng.,2002,27:231～251
5刘小虎,刘吉,王乘等.弹丸低速垂直侵彻无钢筋混凝土的实验研究[J].爆炸与冲击,1999,19(4):323～328
6XavierPVMalda gue.Theorya ndPracticeofInfrared TechnologyforNondestructiveTesting[M].NewYork:JohnWiley&Sons,Inc.,2001
7RoderickAThomas.TheThermographyMonitoringHandbook[M].London:CoxmoorPublishingCompany, 1999
8GeraldCHolst.Commo nSenseApproachtoThermalImaging[ M].Florida:JCDPublishing&W ashington:SPIEOpticalEngineeringPress,2000
9彭焕良.热成像技术发展综述[J].激光与红外,1997,27( 3):131??36
10Wu LX,WangJZ .Infrare dr adia tio nfeat ureso fcoalandrocksunderloading[J].Int.J.RockMech.&Min.Sci.,1998,35(7):969～976
11吴立新.遥感岩石力学及其新近进展与未来发展[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2001,20(2):139～146
12刘善军,吴立新,吴焕萍等.多暗色矿物类岩石单轴加载过程中红外辐射定量研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2002, 21(11) :1585～ 1589
13WuLX, CuiCY,G engN G,etal.Remotese nsi ngrockmech anics(RSRM)a ndassociatedexperimentalstudies[J].Int.J.RockMech.&Min.Sci., 2000,3 7(6): 879??88
14Wu LX ,LiuSJ,W uYH,etal. Chan gesi ninfraredradiationwithrockdeformation[J].Int.J.RockMech.&Min.Sci.,2002,39(6):825～831
15吴立新,刘善军,吴焕萍等.地震红外遥感实验的热像处理系统与关键技术[J].红外技术,2002,24(4):27～30
16吴立新,李国华,吴焕萍.热红外成像用于固体撞击瞬态过程监测的实验探索[J].科学通报,2001(2):172～176
17邓明德,房宗绯,刘晓红等.水在岩石红外辐射中的作用研究[J].中国地震,1997,13(3):288～296
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