高钠盐渍土分散性的探讨
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摘要
通过对高钠盐渍土的形成、特性及分散性机理的分析,认为双比重计试验、孔隙水可溶盐试验和交换性钠百分比试验鉴定标准不适宜于高钠盐渍土,应当对判别标准进行修订。在现阶段,判别高钠盐渍土的分散性应以针孔试验和碎块试验的判别结果为主,而以双比重计试验、孔隙水可溶盐试验和交换性钠百分比试验的试验结果作为参考。
This paper discusses the formation and characters and dispersive mechanism of high-sodic saline soil,and concluds that identifiable standards of double-hydrometer test,pore water salts test and exchangeable sodium percent can not be used to identify dispersive characters of the high-sodic saline soil and should be modified.At present the results of pinhole test and crumb test are prior to deciding the dispersivity of the high-sodic saline soil,but the results of normal double-hydrometer test,pore water salts test and exchangeable sodium percent can be referred to.
This paper discusses the formation and characters and dispersive mechanism of high-sodic saline soil,and concluds that identifiable standards of double-hydrometer test,pore water salts test and exchangeable sodium percent can not be used to identify dispersive characters of the high-sodic saline soil and should be modified.At present the results of pinhole test and crumb test are prior to deciding the dispersivity of the high-sodic saline soil,but the results of normal double-hydrometer test,pore water salts test and exchangeable sodium percent can be referred to.
引文
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[26]谢拉德.美国材料试验学会第79次年会(1976)关于“分散性土有关管涌及冲蚀”的专题讨论会总结[A].黑龙江省水利勘测设计院.分散性粘土译文集[Z].哈尔滨:黑龙江省水利勘测设计院,1982.42-50.
[27]王观平,张来文,阎仰中,等.分散性粘土与水利工程[M].北京:中国水利水电出版社,1999.93.
[2]SherardJL,DunniganLP,DeckerRS,etal.Pinholetestforidentifyingdispersivesoils[A].ConferenceonEmbankmentDams[C].New York:ASCE,1992.279-296.
[3]JeffDean.Dispersiveclayembankmenterosionacasehistory[Z].Burlington:54thHighwayGeologySymposium,2003.306-320.
[4]Aramsri-phathanasabhon,Somboon-munkuamdee,Nirun-singhasunti.Distributionofdispaersivesoilsinirrigationprojectareain Thailand[Z].Bangkok(Thailand):29thKasetsartUniversityAnnualConference,1991.
[5]钱家欢.分散性土作为坝料的一些问题[J].岩土工程学报,1981,3(1):94-100.
[6]洪有伟,盛守田.黑龙江省西部地区分散性粘土工程特性及处理措施[J].岩土工程学报,1984,6(6):42-52.
[7]邓铭江,周小兵,万金平,等.“635”水利枢纽大坝心墙防渗土料分散性鉴定及改性试验研究[J].岩土工程学报,2000,22(6):73-77.
[8]马秀缓,徐又建.青岛市官路水库分散性粘土工程特性及改性试验研究[J].岩土工程学报,2000,22(7):441-444.
[9]岳宝蓉,金耀华.山西上马水库土坝裂缝原因与防治措施[J].防渗技术,1998,4(3):1-14.
[10]谢德体.土壤地理学[M].成都:成都科技大学出版社,1995.213-214.
[11]黄熙龄.特殊土[A].中国土木工程学会第4届土力学及基础工程学术会议论文选集[C].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,1986.46-52.
[12]王观平.粘土矿物与分散性粘土[J].黑龙江水专学报,1994,(3):21-25.
[13]朱祖祥.土壤学[M].北京:农业出版社,1983.94-95.
[14]高国瑞.近代土质学[M].南京:东南大学出版社,1990.
[15]ASTMD6572-00.Standardtestmethodsfordeterminingdispersivecharacteristicsofclayeysoilsbythecrumbtest[S].
[16]ASTMD4647-93(1998)e1.Standardtestmethodforidentificationandclassificationofdispersiveclaysoilsbythepinholetest[S].
[17]ASTMD4221-99.Standardtestmethodfordispersivecharacteristicsofclaysoilbydoublehydrometer[S].
[18]EdgarHN.SoilmechanicsnoteNo.13-dispersiveclays[Z].UnitedStatesDepartmentofAgriculture,1991.
[19]李兴国,许仲生.分散性土的试验鉴别和改良[J].岩土工程学报,1989,11(1):62-66.
[20]RezaBicharancou.AnexperimentalstudyonSherard schemicalcriterionwithregardtotheroleofextractionwatercontenton identifyingdispersivityofsoils[J].CivilEngineering,2000,12(1):32-38.
[21]史瑞和.土壤农化分析[M].第2版.北京:农业出版社,1992.112-116.
[22]樊恒辉,李鹏.新疆下坂地水利枢纽工程大坝心墙土料分散性试验研究报告[R].陕西杨凌:西北农林科技大学,2002.
[23]樊恒辉,李鹏,贾莉.西郊、三坪两水库大坝心墙土料分散性试验研究[A].中国水利学会岩土力学专业委员会,水利水电土石坝工程信息网.土石坝与岩土力学技术研讨会论文集[C].北京:地震出版社,2001.171-179.
[24]乔尔·费兰克,乔治·波斯特.阿尔及利亚粘土坝修复工程的高钠非分散黏土试验[A].黑龙江省水利勘测设计院.分散性粘土译文集[Z].哈尔滨:黑龙江省水利勘测设计院,1982.81-92.
[25]库姆罗斯DG.希腊对粘土冲蚀性的研究[A].黑龙江省水利勘测设计院.分散性粘土译文集[Z].哈尔滨:黑龙江省水利勘测设计院,1982.42-50.
[26]谢拉德.美国材料试验学会第79次年会(1976)关于“分散性土有关管涌及冲蚀”的专题讨论会总结[A].黑龙江省水利勘测设计院.分散性粘土译文集[Z].哈尔滨:黑龙江省水利勘测设计院,1982.42-50.
[27]王观平,张来文,阎仰中,等.分散性粘土与水利工程[M].北京:中国水利水电出版社,1999.93.
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