黔西南中部卡林型金矿床冲断-褶皱构造的地震勘探证据及意义
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摘要
地震勘探资料对黔西南中部卡林型金矿赋存层位上二叠统龙潭组煤系地层、东吴不整合面和广西不整合面显示良好。该地区卡林型金矿主要受冲断-褶皱构造的控制。在地震剖面上,根据卡林型金矿在冲断-褶皱构造中的位置,可以将其划分为两类,即断层控制型金矿和断层伴生型金矿。在断层控制型金矿床中,断层"上陡下缓",为低角度逆冲断层,断层上盘常发育不对称背斜构造,断层向下在上二叠统龙潭组煤系地层、"大厂层"凝灰岩和东吴运动形成的不整合面间滑脱,金矿体产于低角度逆冲断层中,在浅部为脉状矿体,在深部渐变为缓斜穿层矿体。断层伴生型金矿床发育于由高角度断层引起的层间滑动带,呈似层状。印支晚期华南古特提斯洋的相继闭合是形成北西向和北东向两组主要冲断-褶皱构造的主控因素。地震勘探资料揭示,黔西南中部还存在与已经发现卡林型金矿的冲断-褶皱构造带类似的构造,找矿前景较好。
The seismic reflection data collected across central southwestern Guizhou clearly revealed the coal measures of upper Permian Longtan Formation and Dongwu and Guangxi unconformities in Carlin-type gold deposit.Most Carlin-type gold deposits are controlled by thrust-fold in this area.Based on seismic profile,the gold deposits could be divided into two types,i.e.,thrust-controlled and thrust-accompanied deposit according to the position of deposit in the thrust-fold belt.In thrust-controlled deposits,the thrust with steep dip in superficial part and shallow dip in deep level was detached from coal measures,tuffs and Dongwu unconformable contact;fault-related fold always occurred on the hanging wall block;gold ore bodies occurred in thrust with vein shape in shallow level and low angle strata-dissecting shape in deep level.The thrust-accompanied gold ores occurred in interlayer-gliding structures caused by high-angle faults with stratiform-like ore bodies.Northwestern and northeastern trending thrust-fold zone were generated by successional closure of Paleo-Tethys Ocean in South China during the late Indosinian epoch.The seismic data also show that there are some thrust-folds similar to the structure of the structure zones where Carlin-type gold deposits were discovered,suggesting an ore prospective area.
The seismic reflection data collected across central southwestern Guizhou clearly revealed the coal measures of upper Permian Longtan Formation and Dongwu and Guangxi unconformities in Carlin-type gold deposit.Most Carlin-type gold deposits are controlled by thrust-fold in this area.Based on seismic profile,the gold deposits could be divided into two types,i.e.,thrust-controlled and thrust-accompanied deposit according to the position of deposit in the thrust-fold belt.In thrust-controlled deposits,the thrust with steep dip in superficial part and shallow dip in deep level was detached from coal measures,tuffs and Dongwu unconformable contact;fault-related fold always occurred on the hanging wall block;gold ore bodies occurred in thrust with vein shape in shallow level and low angle strata-dissecting shape in deep level.The thrust-accompanied gold ores occurred in interlayer-gliding structures caused by high-angle faults with stratiform-like ore bodies.Northwestern and northeastern trending thrust-fold zone were generated by successional closure of Paleo-Tethys Ocean in South China during the late Indosinian epoch.The seismic data also show that there are some thrust-folds similar to the structure of the structure zones where Carlin-type gold deposits were discovered,suggesting an ore prospective area.
引文
①中石化南方勘探开发分公司.黔西南坳陷年度工作总结报告.2007.
①中石化南方勘探开发分公司.南盘江综合地球物理资料处理及解释报告.2007.
①中石化南方勘探开发公司.黔西南坳陷年度工作总结报告.2007.
②中石化南方勘探开发分公司.南盘江综合地球物理资料处理及解释报告.2007.
③贵州省地质局.中华人民共和国1∶20万区域地质调查报告兴仁幅-安龙幅.1980.
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①中石化南方勘探开发分公司.南盘江综合地球物理资料处理及解释报告.2007.
①中石化南方勘探开发公司.黔西南坳陷年度工作总结报告.2007.
②中石化南方勘探开发分公司.南盘江综合地球物理资料处理及解释报告.2007.
③贵州省地质局.中华人民共和国1∶20万区域地质调查报告兴仁幅-安龙幅.1980.
[1]贾承造.中国中西部前陆冲断带构造特征与天然气富集规律[J].石油勘探与开发,2005,32(4):9-15.
[2]Suppe J.Geometry and kinematics of fault-bend folding[J].American Journal of Science,1983,283(3):684-721.
[3]Jamison W R.Geometric analysis of fold development inoverthrust terranes[J].Journal of Structural Geology,1989,9:207-219.
[4]Chester J,Chester F.Fault-propagation folds above thrustswith constant-dip[J].Journal of Structural Geology,1990,13:903-910.
[5]何登发,Suppe J,贾承造.断层相关褶皱理论与应用研究新进展[J].地学前缘,2005,12(4):353-364.
[6]刘和甫,梁慧社,蔡立国,等.天山两侧前陆冲断系构造样式与前陆盆地演化[J].地球科学,1994,19(6):727-741.
[7]卢华复,贾东,陈楚铭,等.库车新生代构造性质和变形时间[J].地学前缘,1999,6(4):215-221.
[8]罗志立,刘树根,雍自权,等.中国陆内俯冲(C-俯冲)观的形成和发展[J].新疆地质,2003,24(1):1-8.
[9]马力,陈焕疆,甘克文,等.中国南方大地构造和海相油气地质[M].北京:地质出版社,2004:195-207.
[10]李智武,刘树根,罗玉宏,等.南大巴山前陆冲断带构造样式及变形机制分析[J].大地构造与成矿,2006,30(3):294-304.
[11]张开均,施央申,黄钟瑾,等.逆冲推覆构造最新研究进展评述[J].地质与勘探,1996,32(2):23-28.
[12]柳贺昌,林文达.滇东北铅锌矿银矿床成矿规律[M].昆明:云南大学出版社,1999:27-189.
[13]周云满.乐马厂银矿逆冲推覆构造特征及控矿作用[J].矿床地质,2001,20(3):271-278.
[14]刘淑文,魏宽义,许拉平.云南会泽铅锌矿田控矿构造体系及成矿预测[J].西北地质,2002,35(3):84-89.
[15]王砚耕,索书田,张发明,等.黔西南构造与卡林型金矿[M].北京:地质出版社,1994:76-80.
[16]陶平,李沛刚,李克庆.贵州泥堡金矿区矿床构造及其与成矿的关系[J].贵州地质,2002:19(4):221-227.
[17]刘远辉.贵州西南部贞丰背斜金(锑)成矿分析与预测[J].贵州地质,2005:22(1):1-8.
[18]方维萱,胡瑞忠,苏文超,等.滇黔桂湘地区中生代复合大陆动力成矿系统特征[J].大地构造与成矿学,2006,30(4):470-480.
[19]付芝康,祁杰,张金忠.贵州水银洞金矿区纳秧矿段逆冲推覆构造特征及其找矿意义[J].贵州地质,2008,25(3):188-192.
[20]胡斌,胡瑞中,郭群.黔西南水银洞金矿床与泥堡金矿床控矿因素对比分析[J].贵州地质,2004,81(21):211-214.
[21]刘建中,邓一明,刘川勤,等.贵州省贞丰县水银洞层控特大型金矿成矿条件与成矿模式[J].中国地质,2006,33(1):169-177.
[22]杜定全.紫木凼金矿控矿断层带的变形特征及其与成矿作用关系的讨论[J].贵州工业大学学报:自然科学版,1999,28(4):23-26.
[23]郝家栩.黔西南微细浸染型金矿构造控矿与成矿规律研究[D].贵州:贵州大学,2007:1-75.
[24]杨科伍.戈塘式金矿床之成因及找矿远景初探[J].贵州地质,1992,33(4):300-306.
[25]王立全,牟传龙.层序界面多重性控矿机制分析[J].沉积与特提斯地质,1998,18(22):61-71.
[26]何丰胜,毛建全,杜定全.戈塘矿区层滑构造研究[J].贵州工业大学学报,1997,26(2):11-16.
[27]毛建全,杜定全,潘年勋,等.滑脱构造与黔西南地区金矿浅析[J].贵州工学院学报,1990,19(3):44-49.
[28]Peters S G,Huang J Z,Li Z P,et al.Sedimentary rock-hos-ted Au deposits of the Dian-Qian-Gui Area,Guizhou,andYunnan Provinces,and Guangxi District,China[J].Ore Ge-ology Reviews,2007,31:170-204.
[29]李朝阳,刘平,管太阳,等.不整合面中的成矿机制与找矿研究[J].地学前缘,2004,11(2):353-360.
[30]吴根耀.滇桂交界区印支期前陆褶皱冲断带[J].地质科学,2001,36(1):64-71.
[31]夏文臣,周杰,雷建喜,等.滇黔桂晚海西—中印支伸展裂谷海盆地的演化[J].地质学报,1995,69(2):97-112.
[32]刘特民,刘炳温,陈国栋.南盘江盆地构造演化与油气保存区划分[J].天然气工业,2001,21(1):18-23.
[33]杜远生,黄宏伟,黄志强,等.右江盆地晚古生代—三叠纪盆地转换及其构造意义[J].地质科技情报,2009,28(6):10-15.
[34]胡煜昭.黔西南坳陷沉积盆地分析及锑金成矿研究[D].昆明:昆明理工大学,2011:40.
[35]胡瑞忠,苏文超,毕献武,等.黔桂三角区微细浸染型金矿床成矿热液一种可能的演化途径:年代学证据[J].矿物学报,1995,17(2):145-149.
[36]刘平,李沛刚,李克庆,等.黔西南金矿成矿地质作用浅析[J].贵州地质,2006,23(2):83-97.
[37]李文亢,姜信顺,具然弘.黔西南微细金矿床地质特征及成矿作用∥[G].沈阳地质矿产研究所.中国金矿主要类型区域成矿条件文集.北京:地质出版社,1989:1-85.
[38]Su W C,Hu R Z,Xia B,et al.Calcite Sm-Nd isochron ageof the Shuiyindong Carlin-type gold deposit,Guizhou,China[J].Chemical Geology,2009,258:269-274.
[39]陈懋弘,毛景文,屈文俊,等.贵州贞丰烂泥沟金矿含砷黄铁矿Re-Os同位素测年及地质意义[J].地质论评,2007,53(3):371-382.
[40]曹鸿水.黔西南“大厂层”形成环境及其成矿作用的探讨[J].贵州地质,1991,26(8):5-12.
[41]陶平,杜芳应,杜昌乾,等.黔西南凝灰岩中金矿控矿因素概述[J].地质与勘探,2005,41(2):12-17.
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