珠江口盆地深部基底地层的地震时深转换研究
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摘要
盆地深部基底的地震解释需要时深尺.而钻遇基底的探井通常很少且仅揭示基底顶部,致使常规VSP时深转换曲线难以达到基底研究所涉及的深度.为此本文提出深部下延段校正的VSP时深转换方法,即用深井和钻遇基底井VSP数据与深反射地震、双船折射地震和重磁数据在深部下延段选取控制点的时深数据,重新拟合时深转换的二次多项式,使其可用于深部地震解释.将珠江口盆地分为深水区(>300 m)和浅水区(<300 m)分别进行水深修正时深拟合.用克里金法对两区同一基准面的等深线进行插值,最终完成全区的时深转换,并藉此编制出全区基底顶面埋深图.
Seismic geological interpretation of deep-seated basement needs time-depth relation. The wells reaching basement are very few and they only reveal basement top,which causes time-depth conversion unable to reach the desired depth.This paper proposes a VSP time-depth conversion correction in the depth,it fits quadratic polynomial of time-depth conversion for VSP data of deep wells and basement-penetrating wells,deep seismic reflection,ESP and gravity and magnetic data in deep-seated strata,to be applied for seismic interpretation in deep-seated strata. The paper fits time-depth chart by dividing deep water area (>300m) and shallow water area (< 300m).Finally it completes time-depth conversion of the whole area,and compiles the burial depth of basement top surface of the whole area by using kriging to interpolation of the isobath of the same base level of two areas.
Seismic geological interpretation of deep-seated basement needs time-depth relation. The wells reaching basement are very few and they only reveal basement top,which causes time-depth conversion unable to reach the desired depth.This paper proposes a VSP time-depth conversion correction in the depth,it fits quadratic polynomial of time-depth conversion for VSP data of deep wells and basement-penetrating wells,deep seismic reflection,ESP and gravity and magnetic data in deep-seated strata,to be applied for seismic interpretation in deep-seated strata. The paper fits time-depth chart by dividing deep water area (>300m) and shallow water area (< 300m).Finally it completes time-depth conversion of the whole area,and compiles the burial depth of basement top surface of the whole area by using kriging to interpolation of the isobath of the same base level of two areas.
引文
1) 杨宝俊,王璞珺,程日辉等.松辽盆地滨北构造特征与构造圈闭研究.中石油勘探先导项目研究报告和图册.2004
2) 王万银,潘玉,陈石等.中国近海及邻区重、磁资料连片处理及解释成果报告和图册.中国海洋石油研究中心勘探研究院,2004
3) 王万银,刘展,党炜.珠江口盆地南部深水区第三系重、磁资料处理及解释成果报告和图册.中国海洋石油研究中心勘探研究院,2001
[1] 杨文采,杨午阳,程振炎.中国大陆科学钻探孔区的地震波速模型.地球物理学报,2006,49(2) :477～489 Yang W C,Yang W Y,Cheng Z Y.Seismic velocity model of the Chinese continental scientific drilling site.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2006,49(2) :477～489
[2] 张华军,肖富森,刘定锦等.地质构造约束层速度模型在时深转换中的应用.石油物探,2003,42(4) :521～525 Zhang H J,Xiao F S,Liu D J,et al.Geologic structure constrained interval velocity model and its application in time-depth conversion.Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2003,42(4) :521～525
[3] 黄兆辉,底青云,唐必锐等.速度控制点法在川东高陡构造 时深转换中的应用.地球物理学进展,2008,23(3) :717～721 Huang Z H,Di Q Y,Tang B R,et al.The application of the modeling method of velocity-controlling points to time-depth conversion in east Sichuan.Progress in Geophysics (in Chinese),2008,23(3) :717～721
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[6] 陈洁.北黄海前新生代残留盆地勘探潜力分析.地球物理学进展,2005,20(3) :757～760 Chen J.Potential analysis of exploration for Pre-Cenozoic marine residual basins in northern Yellow Sea.Progress in Geophysics (in Chinese),2005,20(3) :757～760
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[18] 陈洁,温宁,李学杰.南海油气资源潜力及勘探现状.地球物理学进展,2007,22(4) :1285～1294 Chen J,Wen N,Li X J.The status of the resource potential and petroleum exploration of The South China Sea.Progress inGeophysics (in Chinese),2007,22(4) :1285～1294
[19] 刘震,张功成,吕睿等.南海北部深水区白云凹陷渐新世晚期多物源充填特征.现代地质.2010,24(5) :900～909 Liu Z,Zhang G C,L(u|¨) R,et al.Feature of multi sedimentsource filling during the late oligocene at Baiyun depression in the deep-water region,the Northern South China Sea.Geoscience,2010,24(5) :900～909
[20] 姚伯初,曾维军,陈艺中等.南海北部陆缘东部的地壳结构.地球物理学报,1994,37(1) :27～35 Yao B C,Zeng W J,Chen Y Z,et al.The crustal structure in the eastern part of the northern margin of the South China Sea.Chinese J.Geophys.(Acta Geophysica Sinica) (in Chinese),1994,37(1) :27～35
[21] 杨少坤,林鹤鸣,郝沪军.珠江口盆地东部中生界海相油气勘探前景.石油学报,2002,23(5) :28～33 Yang S K,Lin H M,Hao H J.Oil and gas exploration prospect of Mesozoic in the eastern part of Pearl River Mouth basin.Acta Petrolei Sinica (in Chinese),2002,23(5) :28～33
[22] 张功成,米立军,陶维祥等.深水区一南海北部大陆边缘盆地油气勘探新领域.石油学报,2007,28(2) :15～21 Zhang G C,Mi L J,Tao W X,et al.Deepwater area-the new hydrocarbon prospecting area of northern continental margin of South China Sea.Acta Petrolei Sinica (in Chinese),2007,28(2) :15～21
[23] 袁玉松,丁玫瑰.南海北部深水区盆地特征及其动力学背景.海洋科学,2008,32(12) :102～110 Yuan Y S,Ding M G.Characteristics and geodynamic setting of the basins in deepwater area of the Northern South China Sea Margin.Marine Sciences (in Chinese),2008,32(12) :102～110
[24] 周蒂,胡登科,何敏等.深部地层时深转换中的拟合式选择问题.地球科学 中国地质大学学报,2008,33(4) :531～537 Zhou D,Hu D K,He M,et al.The selection of fitting curve in time-depth transformation of deep-seated strata and crust.Earth Science-Journal of China University of Geosciences (in Chinese),2008,33(4) :531～537
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2) 王万银,潘玉,陈石等.中国近海及邻区重、磁资料连片处理及解释成果报告和图册.中国海洋石油研究中心勘探研究院,2004
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[1] 杨文采,杨午阳,程振炎.中国大陆科学钻探孔区的地震波速模型.地球物理学报,2006,49(2) :477～489 Yang W C,Yang W Y,Cheng Z Y.Seismic velocity model of the Chinese continental scientific drilling site.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2006,49(2) :477～489
[2] 张华军,肖富森,刘定锦等.地质构造约束层速度模型在时深转换中的应用.石油物探,2003,42(4) :521～525 Zhang H J,Xiao F S,Liu D J,et al.Geologic structure constrained interval velocity model and its application in time-depth conversion.Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2003,42(4) :521～525
[3] 黄兆辉,底青云,唐必锐等.速度控制点法在川东高陡构造 时深转换中的应用.地球物理学进展,2008,23(3) :717～721 Huang Z H,Di Q Y,Tang B R,et al.The application of the modeling method of velocity-controlling points to time-depth conversion in east Sichuan.Progress in Geophysics (in Chinese),2008,23(3) :717～721
[4] Al-Chalabi M.Time-depth relationships for multilayer depth conversion.Geophysical Prospecting,1997,45(4) :715～720
[5] 熊绍柏,刘宏兵,王有学等.华南上地壳速度分布与基底、盖层构造研究.地球物理学报,2002,45(6) :784～791 Xiong S B,Liu H B,Wang Y X,et al.A study on velocity distribution in upper crust and tectonics of basement and cover in South China.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2002,45(6) :784～791
[6] 陈洁.北黄海前新生代残留盆地勘探潜力分析.地球物理学进展,2005,20(3) :757～760 Chen J.Potential analysis of exploration for Pre-Cenozoic marine residual basins in northern Yellow Sea.Progress in Geophysics (in Chinese),2005,20(3) :757～760
[7] 刘展,赵文举,吴时国等.冲绳海槽南部基底构造特征.地球物理学进展,2006,21(3) :814～824 Liu Z,Zhao W J,Wu S G,et al.The basement tectonics in south of the Okinawa trough.Progress in Geophysics (in Chinese),2006,21(3) :814～824
[8] 刘光鼎,陈洁.中国前新生代残留盆地油气勘探难点分析及对策.地球物理学进展,2005,20(2) :273～275 Liu G D,Chen J.Analysis of difficulties in gas-petroleum prospecting in Chinese Pre-Cenozoic relic basin and the corresponding solutions.Progress in Geophysics (in Chinese),2005,20(2) :273～275
[9] 王家林,张新兵,吴健生等.珠江口盆地基底结构的综合地球物理研究.热带海洋学报,2002,21(2) :13～22 Wang J L,Zhang X B,Wu J S,et al.Integrated geophysical researches on base texture of Zhujiang River mouth basin.Journal of Tropical Oceanography (in Chinese),2002,21(2) :13～22
[10] 郝天珧,黄松,徐亚等.南海东北部及邻区深部结构的综合地球物理研究.地球物理学报,2008,51(6) :1785～1796 Hao T Y,Huang S,Xu Y,et al.Comprehensive geophysical research on the deep structure of Northeastern South China Sea.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2008,51(6) :1785～1796
[11] 郝天珧,徐亚,周立宏等.前新生代残留盆地宏观分布的综合地球物理研究--以大港地区为例.地球物理学报,2008,51(2) :491～502 Hao T Y,Xu Y,Zhou L H,et al.Integrated geophysical research on macroscopic distribution of Pre-Cenozoic residual basins-A case in Dagang area.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2008,51(2) :491～502
[12] 中国科学院南海海洋研究所.南海地质构造与陆缘扩张.北 京:科学出版社,1988 South China Sea Institute of Oceanology,CAS.Geological Tectonics and Continental Margin Extension in the South China Sea (in Chinese).Beijing:Science Press,1988
[13] 陆基孟.地震勘探原理.北京:中国石油大学出版社,2006 Lu J M.The Principle of Seismic Exploration (in Chinese).Beijing:China University of Petroleum Press,2006
[14] 孙家振,李兰斌.地震地质综合解释教程.北京:中国地质大学出版社,2002 Sun J Z,Li L B.Comprehensive Interpretation Course of Seism and Geology (in Chinese).Beijing:China University of Geosciences Press,2002
[15] 何敏,朱明,汪瑞良等.白云深水崎岖海底区时深转换方法探讨.地球物理学进展,2007,22(3) :966～971 He M,Zhu M,Wang R L,et al.The discussion of time-depth conversion methods in the Baiyun deepwater rough seafloor area.Progress in Geophysics (in Chinese),2007,22(3) :966～971
[16] Hornby B E,Yu J H,Sharp J A,et al.VSP;Beyond time-to-depth.The Leading Edge,2006,25(4) :446～452
[17] 朱伟林,张功成,高乐.南海北部大陆边缘盆地油气地质特征与勘探方向.石油学报,2008,29(1) :1～9 Zhu W L,Zhang G C,Gao L.Geological characteristics and exploration objectives of hydrocarbons in the northern continental margin basin of South China Sea.Acta Petrolei Sinica (in Chinese),2008,29(1) :1～9
[18] 陈洁,温宁,李学杰.南海油气资源潜力及勘探现状.地球物理学进展,2007,22(4) :1285～1294 Chen J,Wen N,Li X J.The status of the resource potential and petroleum exploration of The South China Sea.Progress inGeophysics (in Chinese),2007,22(4) :1285～1294
[19] 刘震,张功成,吕睿等.南海北部深水区白云凹陷渐新世晚期多物源充填特征.现代地质.2010,24(5) :900～909 Liu Z,Zhang G C,L(u|¨) R,et al.Feature of multi sedimentsource filling during the late oligocene at Baiyun depression in the deep-water region,the Northern South China Sea.Geoscience,2010,24(5) :900～909
[20] 姚伯初,曾维军,陈艺中等.南海北部陆缘东部的地壳结构.地球物理学报,1994,37(1) :27～35 Yao B C,Zeng W J,Chen Y Z,et al.The crustal structure in the eastern part of the northern margin of the South China Sea.Chinese J.Geophys.(Acta Geophysica Sinica) (in Chinese),1994,37(1) :27～35
[21] 杨少坤,林鹤鸣,郝沪军.珠江口盆地东部中生界海相油气勘探前景.石油学报,2002,23(5) :28～33 Yang S K,Lin H M,Hao H J.Oil and gas exploration prospect of Mesozoic in the eastern part of Pearl River Mouth basin.Acta Petrolei Sinica (in Chinese),2002,23(5) :28～33
[22] 张功成,米立军,陶维祥等.深水区一南海北部大陆边缘盆地油气勘探新领域.石油学报,2007,28(2) :15～21 Zhang G C,Mi L J,Tao W X,et al.Deepwater area-the new hydrocarbon prospecting area of northern continental margin of South China Sea.Acta Petrolei Sinica (in Chinese),2007,28(2) :15～21
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