大庆长垣萨尔图地区扶余油层低孔渗储层地震叠前描述
摘要
大庆长垣薄互储层预测是制约增储上产的主要瓶颈,主要面临单层薄、物性差、油藏规律不清、有效储层预测精度低等难题。围绕地震保幅处理、提高分辨率和有效的叠前预测几个方面展开研究,取得了一系列技术成果。在保幅处理方面,探讨出炮检域两步法反褶积、各向异性叠前时间偏移、道集规则化处理等配套技术。在提高分辨率方面,通过去T2屏蔽、道集提高分辨率、中远道子波拉伸校正、有效炮检距优选等手段,有效拓展频带,压制薄互层干涉作用。在叠前储层预测方面,通过AVO定性描述储层、孔隙度定量预测、叠前弹性反演等技术,描述出有效储层,在萨尔图地区,有效储层预测吻合率达78.5%以上。
The effectiveness of thin interbed prediction is the main bottleneck restricting the growth of oil production in Songliao Basin. It is confronted with such problems as thin layer, poor property, obscure reservoir disciplines and low predication accuracy of effective reservoir. Study has been conducted on seismic amplitude-preserved processing, resolution enhancement and effective prediction with pre-stack seismic data, and a series of technical achievements have been obtained. A suit of techniques are used to preserve the amplitude in data processing, such as the two-step deconvolution in shot and receiver domain, the anisotropic pre-stack time migration, and the gather regularization, etc. In terms of resolution enhancement, the techniques including the reduction of T2 effect, the enhancement of resolution in pre-stack gathers, the alignment of wavelet stretching in far-middle offset, and the optimization of effective offset distance are used to expand frequency band and reduce interference of thin interbed. In the aspect of prediction with pre-stack seismic data, the techniques including AVO qualitative reservoir description, quantitative porosity prediction, and pre-stack elastic impedance inversion are used to delineate the thickness of effective reservoir. Through the application of the techniques above, the matching probability of reservoir prediction is higher than 78.5% in Saertu survey.
The effectiveness of thin interbed prediction is the main bottleneck restricting the growth of oil production in Songliao Basin. It is confronted with such problems as thin layer, poor property, obscure reservoir disciplines and low predication accuracy of effective reservoir. Study has been conducted on seismic amplitude-preserved processing, resolution enhancement and effective prediction with pre-stack seismic data, and a series of technical achievements have been obtained. A suit of techniques are used to preserve the amplitude in data processing, such as the two-step deconvolution in shot and receiver domain, the anisotropic pre-stack time migration, and the gather regularization, etc. In terms of resolution enhancement, the techniques including the reduction of T2 effect, the enhancement of resolution in pre-stack gathers, the alignment of wavelet stretching in far-middle offset, and the optimization of effective offset distance are used to expand frequency band and reduce interference of thin interbed. In the aspect of prediction with pre-stack seismic data, the techniques including AVO qualitative reservoir description, quantitative porosity prediction, and pre-stack elastic impedance inversion are used to delineate the thickness of effective reservoir. Through the application of the techniques above, the matching probability of reservoir prediction is higher than 78.5% in Saertu survey.
引文
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[15]孙夕平,张研,张永清,等.地震拓频技术在薄层油藏开发动态分析中的应用[J].石油地球物理勘探,2010,45(5):695～699.
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[2]张永刚.两步法统计子波反褶积[J].物探科技通讯,1988,6(2):19～28.
[3]Levin S A.Surface-consistent deconvolution.Geophysics,1989,54(9):1123～1133.
[4]凌云,周熙襄.自适应可控震源地表一致性反褶积[J].石油地球物理勘探,1994,29(3):306～315,356.
[5]凌云,高军,张汝杰.应用地表一致性变步长预测反褶积消除沙丘鸣震[J].石油地球物理勘探,1998,33(1):23～31.
[6]李庆忠.从信噪比谱分析看滤波及反褶积的效果--频率域信噪比与分辨率的研究[J].石油地球物理勘探,1986,21(6):576～601.
[7]李庆忠.走向精确勘探的道路[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1994:1～2.
[8]刘雯林,李文华,王良全,等.合成声波测井[J].石油地球物理勘探,1980,2:15～43.
[9]Countiss M L.Frequency-enhanced imaging of stratigraphically complex,thin-bed reservoirs:A case study from South Marsh Island Block128Field.The Leading Edge,2002,21(9):826～836
[10]Shitong Du.Joint inversion and its application in seismic sequence analysis.SEG Expanded Abstracts,1996:1991～1994.
[11]Mulholland J W.Sequence stratigraphy:Basic elements,concepts,and terminology.The Leading Edge,1998,17(1):37～42.
[12]Mullholland J W.Sequence architecture.The Leading Edge,1998,17(6):767～771.
[13]Mushin J A.Formation interpretation of seismic data.Russian NEDRO,1990.
[14]孙夕平,李劲松,郑晓东,等.调谐能量增强法在石南21井区薄储层识别中的应用[J].石油勘探与开发,2007,34(6):711～717.
[15]孙夕平,张研,张永清,等.地震拓频技术在薄层油藏开发动态分析中的应用[J].石油地球物理勘探,2010,45(5):695～699.
[16]杜世通,宋建国,孙夕平.地震储层解释[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2010.
[17]Fred J.Hilterman著.地震振幅解释[M].孙夕平,赵良武,等译.张研校.北京:石油工业出版社,2006.
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