城市火灾模拟分析与消防应急指挥系统的设计与实现
|
摘要
城市火灾对人类的危害极大,建立城市消防地理信息系统是减轻城市火灾的有效途径。剖析了传统火灾报警与消防调度模式存在的弊端,尝试提出城市火灾模拟分析与消防应急指挥的融合模式,并运用GIS技术设计和实现了城市火灾模拟分析与消防应急指挥系统。解决了系统实现过程中的一系列关键技术:基于两种方式的接警空间定位、复杂条件下大区域火灾蔓延动态模拟分析、火灾损失预测与评估及消防应急指挥决策模型等。
Urban fire does great harm to mankind, therefore it is the effective way to set up a geographical information system of urban fire fighting. However, current systems isolate fire simulation analysis from fire fighting emergency command. In this paper the application of GIS technology to the design and implementation of urban fire simulation and emergency command system is presented. The drawbacks existing in traditional pattern of both calling the fire police and fire fighting dispatch are deeply analyzed. The integration pattern between fire simulation analysis and fire fighting emergency command is illustrated. A series of critical technologies is solved, which consists of: locating the fire spot on the basis of two ways;dynamic simulation analysis for heavy regional fire spread under the complicated conditions;prediction and evaluation of fire loss,and decision model of fire fighting emergency command, etc. The system have been successfully embedded in the “GIS-Based Emergency Decision Support System of Urban Community Safety” sponsored by a national project.
Urban fire does great harm to mankind, therefore it is the effective way to set up a geographical information system of urban fire fighting. However, current systems isolate fire simulation analysis from fire fighting emergency command. In this paper the application of GIS technology to the design and implementation of urban fire simulation and emergency command system is presented. The drawbacks existing in traditional pattern of both calling the fire police and fire fighting dispatch are deeply analyzed. The integration pattern between fire simulation analysis and fire fighting emergency command is illustrated. A series of critical technologies is solved, which consists of: locating the fire spot on the basis of two ways;dynamic simulation analysis for heavy regional fire spread under the complicated conditions;prediction and evaluation of fire loss,and decision model of fire fighting emergency command, etc. The system have been successfully embedded in the “GIS-Based Emergency Decision Support System of Urban Community Safety” sponsored by a national project.
引文
1清华大学,中国地震局工程力学研究所.地震次生火灾 蔓延概率模型.2003
[1]许云,任爱珠,潘国帅.基于GIS和VR的消防指挥系统研究[J].土木工程学报,2003,36(5):92-96
[2]徐志胜,冯凯,白国强.关于城市公共安全可持续发展理论的初步研究[J].中国安全科学学报,2004,14(1):3-6
[3]徐志胜,冯凯,冯春莹.基于GIS的城市公共安全应急决策支持系统的研究[J].安全与环境学报,2004,4(6):82-85
[4]冯凯,徐志胜,冯春莹.城市公共安全规划与灾害应急管理的集成研究[J].自然灾害学报,2005(待刊)
[5]刘钊,程锦,张远智.基于GIS的城市火灾信息管理与分析系统[J].灾害学,2000,15(1):11-15
[6]贾奋励,宋国民,吕晓华.城市消防地理信息系统的设计与实现[J].测绘工程,2002,11(2):52-54
[7]赵振东,余世舟.建筑物震后火灾发生与蔓延危险性分析的概率模型[J].地震工程与工程振动,2003,23(4):183-187
[8]李杰,江建华,李明浩.基于GIS的城市地震次生火灾危险性分析系统[J].地震学报,2001,23(4):420-426
[1]许云,任爱珠,潘国帅.基于GIS和VR的消防指挥系统研究[J].土木工程学报,2003,36(5):92-96
[2]徐志胜,冯凯,白国强.关于城市公共安全可持续发展理论的初步研究[J].中国安全科学学报,2004,14(1):3-6
[3]徐志胜,冯凯,冯春莹.基于GIS的城市公共安全应急决策支持系统的研究[J].安全与环境学报,2004,4(6):82-85
[4]冯凯,徐志胜,冯春莹.城市公共安全规划与灾害应急管理的集成研究[J].自然灾害学报,2005(待刊)
[5]刘钊,程锦,张远智.基于GIS的城市火灾信息管理与分析系统[J].灾害学,2000,15(1):11-15
[6]贾奋励,宋国民,吕晓华.城市消防地理信息系统的设计与实现[J].测绘工程,2002,11(2):52-54
[7]赵振东,余世舟.建筑物震后火灾发生与蔓延危险性分析的概率模型[J].地震工程与工程振动,2003,23(4):183-187
[8]李杰,江建华,李明浩.基于GIS的城市地震次生火灾危险性分析系统[J].地震学报,2001,23(4):420-426
版权所有：© 2023 中国地质图书馆 中国地质调查局地学文献中心