在开挖与超载过程中锚固洞室锚索预应力变化特征
|
摘要
通过地质力学模型试验方法,研究洞室在开挖与超载过程中自由式锚索和全长黏结式锚索的预应力变化特征。给出锚固洞室在开挖与超载过程中锚索预应力变化的展开图,并给出锚固洞室中锚索预应力的变化特征:在洞室开挖过程中,两种锚索的预应力都普遍减小,但自由式锚索减小的较少(15%左右),全长黏结式锚索减小的较大(20%左右),减小的幅度平均为15%～22%。不同部位的单根锚索,其预应力减小的数值大小及所对应的部位都具有很强的随机性。在洞室超载过程中,锚索预应力普遍增加,增加较大的部位与侧压系数N有关,在N<1时主要是洞室两侧拱脚部位增加较大,拱顶和地板部位增加较小。无论是开挖过程中锚索预应力的减小,还是超载过程中锚索预应力的增加,都是锚索初始预应力较小的,锚索预应力相对改变量较大;否则则较小。因此,在确定锚索超张拉比值时,对不同吨位的锚索应取不同的比值。对吨位较大的应取较小值,对吨位较小的应取较大值。对锚固工程设计和现场施工具有重要参考价值。
By geomechanical model tests,the variation characteristics of tension in non-bonded prestressed anchor cable and fully grouted anchor cable during the underground opening excavation and overloading are given. Based on the analysis of the developed charts of the variation of tension in cables,it is found that the tension in the two types of cables generally decreases and the average range is 15%22% during the underground opening excavation. The variation magnitude of tension decreases and the corresponding position of each anchor cable in different places obviously show randomness. In overloading process of the model test,the tension generally increases and the position where the tension increases is relevant to the coefficient of horizontal pressure of the model. The tension in anchor cables installed in the arch ends increases more and that in anchor cables installed in the arch crown and the floor increases less when the coefficient of horizontal pressure is less than 1(N<1) . Whether the tension in anchor cables decreases during the opening excavation or increases during the opening overloading,the relative increment of tension is more for anchor cables with low initial tension,otherwise,the relative increment of tension is less. Consequently,the different ratio of tension in anchor cables should be taken for anchor cables with different initial tension load. A low ratio should be taken for anchor cables with high initial tension and a high ratio should be taken for anchor cables with low initial tension load. Several suggestions are provided for the design and field construction of anchor cable.
By geomechanical model tests,the variation characteristics of tension in non-bonded prestressed anchor cable and fully grouted anchor cable during the underground opening excavation and overloading are given. Based on the analysis of the developed charts of the variation of tension in cables,it is found that the tension in the two types of cables generally decreases and the average range is 15%22% during the underground opening excavation. The variation magnitude of tension decreases and the corresponding position of each anchor cable in different places obviously show randomness. In overloading process of the model test,the tension generally increases and the position where the tension increases is relevant to the coefficient of horizontal pressure of the model. The tension in anchor cables installed in the arch ends increases more and that in anchor cables installed in the arch crown and the floor increases less when the coefficient of horizontal pressure is less than 1(N<1) . Whether the tension in anchor cables decreases during the opening excavation or increases during the opening overloading,the relative increment of tension is more for anchor cables with low initial tension,otherwise,the relative increment of tension is less. Consequently,the different ratio of tension in anchor cables should be taken for anchor cables with different initial tension load. A low ratio should be taken for anchor cables with high initial tension and a high ratio should be taken for anchor cables with low initial tension load. Several suggestions are provided for the design and field construction of anchor cable.
引文
[1]朱晗迓,孙红月,汪会帮,等.边坡加固锚索预应力变化规律分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(16):27562760.(ZHU Hanya,SUN Hongyue,WANG Huibang,et al.Analysis of prestress state of cable applied to rock slope reinforcement[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2004,23(16):27562760.(in Chinese))
[2]张发明,刘宁,陈祖煜,等.影响大吨位预应力长锚索锚固力损失的因素分析[J].岩土力学,2003,24(2):194197.(ZHANG Faming,LIU Ning,CHEN Zuyu,et al.Analysis of factors affected on load losses of high capacity and long rock anchors[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2003,24(2):194197.(in Chinese))
[3]程良奎,张作眉,杨志银.岩土加固实用技术[M].北京:地震出版社,1994.(CHENG Liangkui,ZHANG Zuomei,YANG Zhiyin.Practical technology of strengthening ground[M].Beijing:Earthquake Press,1994.(in Chinese))
[4]李亦明,肖汉江.预应力锚索锚固力特征分析[J].湖北水力发电,2005,(1):1720.(LI Yiming,XIAO Hanjiang.Analysis of characteristics of anchoring capacity of prestressed cable[J].Hubei Water Power,2005,(1):1720.(in Chinese))
[5]张宏博,黄茂松,宋修广,等.预应力锚索在滑坡体加固中的影响因素分析[J].岩土力学,2004,25(2):324326.(ZHANG Hongbo,HUANG Maosong,SONG Xiuguang,et al.Analysis of influencing factors of prestressed cables in reinforcing landslide mass[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2004,25(2):324326.(in Chinese))
[6]任丽芳,周敏娟,穆兰.边坡加固锚索预应力损失的探讨[J].石家庄铁路职业技术学院学报,2006,(1):5962.(REN Lifang,ZHOU Minjuan,MU Lan.Study on prestress loss of cable applied to slope reinforcement[J].Journal of Shijiazhuang Institute of Railway Engineering,2006,(1):5962.(in Chinese))
[7]汤平,李端有,李亦明.三峡船闸岩质边坡预应力锚固监测及机制研究[J].长江科学院院报,2005,(6):3436.(TANG Ping,LI Duanyou,LI Yiming.Monitoring and research of prestressed anchoring on rock slopes of TGP ship lock[J].Journal of Yangtze River Scientific Research Institute,2005,(6):3436.(in Chinese))
[8]张电吉,汤平,白世伟.节理裂隙岩质边坡预应力锚索锚固监测与机制研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2003,22(8):12761280.(ZHANG Dianji,TANG Ping,BAI Shiwei.Monitoring of and research on the effect of prestressed cable on reinforcement for jointed rock slopes[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2003,22(8):12761280.(in Chinese))
[9]宋修广,张宏博,黄茂松,等.软岩边坡加固中锚索预应力变化影响因素分析[J].公路交通科技,2004,(7):4244.(SONG Xiuguang,ZHANG Hongbo,HUANG Maosong,et al.Analysis of influencing factors of prestressing force in reinforcing soft rock slopes[J].Journal of Highway and Transportation Research and Development,2004,(7):4244.(in Chinese))
[10]周永江,何思明,杨雪莲.预应力锚索的预应力损失机制研究[J].岩土力学,2006,27(8):13531356.(ZHOU Yongjiang,HE Siming,YANG Xuelian.Study on prestress loss of anchor cables under long-term loading[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2006,27(8):13531356.(in Chinese))
[11]王宏志,王慧珍,李玉庆.锚索预应力损失与控制分析[J].勘察科学技术,2003,(1):3638.(WANG Hongzhi,WANG Huizhen,LI Yuqing.Analysis of loss and control of prestress on the strand anchor[J].Site Investigation Science and Technology,2003,(1):3638.(in Chinese))
[12]杨辉,陈晨.影响锚杆预应力的因素浅析[J].城市道桥与防洪,2006,(1):4547.(YANG Hui,CHEN Chen.Brief analysis of factor influenced on prestressing of anchor bars[J].Urban Roads Bridges and Flood Control,2006,(1):4547.(in Chinese))
[13]黄太平,姜荣梅.龙滩水电站左岸进水口边坡锚固预应力的实测研究[J].水电自动化与大坝监测,2004,28(6):4548.(HUANG Taiping,JIANG Rongmei.Tests and studies of anchoring prestressing force of side slope of the intake on the left bank of longtan hydropower station[J].Dam Observation and Geotechnical Tests,2004,28(6):4548.(in Chinese))
[14]顾金才,沈俊,陈安敏,等.锚固洞室受力反应特征物理模型试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,1999,18(增):11131117.(GU Jincai,SHEN Jun,CHEN Anmin,et al.Physical model tests research on force response characteristics of underground openings reinforced by anchor cables[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,1999,18(Supp.):11131117.(in Chinese))
[15]陈安敏,沈俊,顾欣.自由式锚索和全长粘结式锚索加固效果比较模型试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2005,24(15):26892696.(CHEN Anmin,SHEN Jun,GU Xin.Model experiment study on the different reinforcement effect of non-bonded anchor cable and full-length bonded anchor cable in rock engineering[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2005,24(15):26892696.(in Chinese))
[2]张发明,刘宁,陈祖煜,等.影响大吨位预应力长锚索锚固力损失的因素分析[J].岩土力学,2003,24(2):194197.(ZHANG Faming,LIU Ning,CHEN Zuyu,et al.Analysis of factors affected on load losses of high capacity and long rock anchors[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2003,24(2):194197.(in Chinese))
[3]程良奎,张作眉,杨志银.岩土加固实用技术[M].北京:地震出版社,1994.(CHENG Liangkui,ZHANG Zuomei,YANG Zhiyin.Practical technology of strengthening ground[M].Beijing:Earthquake Press,1994.(in Chinese))
[4]李亦明,肖汉江.预应力锚索锚固力特征分析[J].湖北水力发电,2005,(1):1720.(LI Yiming,XIAO Hanjiang.Analysis of characteristics of anchoring capacity of prestressed cable[J].Hubei Water Power,2005,(1):1720.(in Chinese))
[5]张宏博,黄茂松,宋修广,等.预应力锚索在滑坡体加固中的影响因素分析[J].岩土力学,2004,25(2):324326.(ZHANG Hongbo,HUANG Maosong,SONG Xiuguang,et al.Analysis of influencing factors of prestressed cables in reinforcing landslide mass[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2004,25(2):324326.(in Chinese))
[6]任丽芳,周敏娟,穆兰.边坡加固锚索预应力损失的探讨[J].石家庄铁路职业技术学院学报,2006,(1):5962.(REN Lifang,ZHOU Minjuan,MU Lan.Study on prestress loss of cable applied to slope reinforcement[J].Journal of Shijiazhuang Institute of Railway Engineering,2006,(1):5962.(in Chinese))
[7]汤平,李端有,李亦明.三峡船闸岩质边坡预应力锚固监测及机制研究[J].长江科学院院报,2005,(6):3436.(TANG Ping,LI Duanyou,LI Yiming.Monitoring and research of prestressed anchoring on rock slopes of TGP ship lock[J].Journal of Yangtze River Scientific Research Institute,2005,(6):3436.(in Chinese))
[8]张电吉,汤平,白世伟.节理裂隙岩质边坡预应力锚索锚固监测与机制研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2003,22(8):12761280.(ZHANG Dianji,TANG Ping,BAI Shiwei.Monitoring of and research on the effect of prestressed cable on reinforcement for jointed rock slopes[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2003,22(8):12761280.(in Chinese))
[9]宋修广,张宏博,黄茂松,等.软岩边坡加固中锚索预应力变化影响因素分析[J].公路交通科技,2004,(7):4244.(SONG Xiuguang,ZHANG Hongbo,HUANG Maosong,et al.Analysis of influencing factors of prestressing force in reinforcing soft rock slopes[J].Journal of Highway and Transportation Research and Development,2004,(7):4244.(in Chinese))
[10]周永江,何思明,杨雪莲.预应力锚索的预应力损失机制研究[J].岩土力学,2006,27(8):13531356.(ZHOU Yongjiang,HE Siming,YANG Xuelian.Study on prestress loss of anchor cables under long-term loading[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2006,27(8):13531356.(in Chinese))
[11]王宏志,王慧珍,李玉庆.锚索预应力损失与控制分析[J].勘察科学技术,2003,(1):3638.(WANG Hongzhi,WANG Huizhen,LI Yuqing.Analysis of loss and control of prestress on the strand anchor[J].Site Investigation Science and Technology,2003,(1):3638.(in Chinese))
[12]杨辉,陈晨.影响锚杆预应力的因素浅析[J].城市道桥与防洪,2006,(1):4547.(YANG Hui,CHEN Chen.Brief analysis of factor influenced on prestressing of anchor bars[J].Urban Roads Bridges and Flood Control,2006,(1):4547.(in Chinese))
[13]黄太平,姜荣梅.龙滩水电站左岸进水口边坡锚固预应力的实测研究[J].水电自动化与大坝监测,2004,28(6):4548.(HUANG Taiping,JIANG Rongmei.Tests and studies of anchoring prestressing force of side slope of the intake on the left bank of longtan hydropower station[J].Dam Observation and Geotechnical Tests,2004,28(6):4548.(in Chinese))
[14]顾金才,沈俊,陈安敏,等.锚固洞室受力反应特征物理模型试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,1999,18(增):11131117.(GU Jincai,SHEN Jun,CHEN Anmin,et al.Physical model tests research on force response characteristics of underground openings reinforced by anchor cables[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,1999,18(Supp.):11131117.(in Chinese))
[15]陈安敏,沈俊,顾欣.自由式锚索和全长粘结式锚索加固效果比较模型试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2005,24(15):26892696.(CHEN Anmin,SHEN Jun,GU Xin.Model experiment study on the different reinforcement effect of non-bonded anchor cable and full-length bonded anchor cable in rock engineering[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2005,24(15):26892696.(in Chinese))
版权所有：© 2023 中国地质图书馆 中国地质调查局地学文献中心