喜山运动对松辽盆地含油气系统的影响
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摘要
通过对新构造运动、天然地震、钻探、人工地震、地层、构造形迹、卫星遥感等资料分析 ,认为喜山运动在松辽盆地可分为 3幕 ;第一、第三幕运动主要受印度板块影响 ,产生的区域主压应力为北东 -南西向 ;第二幕运动主要受太平洋板块影响 ,产生的区域主压应力方向为北西 -南东或近东西向 ;第三幕所产生的北西向构造作用对早期形成的北东向构造圈闭及其中的油气再运移和聚集有重要影响。松辽盆地第三系为压陷盆地沉积 ,表现为地层分布局限、充填碎屑粗、隆起区可作为物源区。松辽盆地第三系构造变形椭球体反映在老第三系沉积中晚期 (4 3Ma以来 )挤压应力方向发生了由南北到近东西向的变化。在白垩纪末的挤压作用下 ,中浅层构造不断壮大 ,为油气聚集提供了良好的圈闭。中浅层断层为多期断裂活动的叠加产物 ,不同时期的断层具有各自的延伸特征 :青山口组沉积期在近东西向伸展应力作用下 ,主要发育北东、北北东向断层 ;姚家组沉积末在近南北向伸展应力作用下 ,只发育近东西向断层 ;明水组沉积期以后在近南北向左行压扭应力作用下 ,主要发育北北西、北西向断层。明水组沉积末期的构造反转使松辽盆地开始进入生烃高峰期 ,挤压力方向的改变导致了中浅层不同方向的老断层开启 ,形成了多方位的油气运移通道。挤压背景
Based on analyses of data including neotectonics earthquake,drilling,seismic,stratigraphy,structural features and satellite remote sensing,it is believed that Himalayan movement can be divided into three episodes in Songliao basin.The first and third episodes have mainly been affected by the Indian plate and result in NE SW regional principal compressive stress;while the second episode has mainly been affected by the Pacific plate and has given rise to NW SE or nearly W E regional principal compressive stress;the NW tectonism in the third episode has important effects on the early formed structural traps and the remigration and accumulation of hydrocarbons in those traps.The Tertiary in Songliao basin was deposited in a compresso depressed basin,characterized by limited distribution of formations,coarse grained clastics,and the uplifted area to be the provenance.Analysis of the Tertiary tectonic deformation ellipsoid in Songliao basin reveals that the direction of compressional stress turned from N S to nearly W E in the middle and late Paleogene(since 43?Ma).Under compression at the end of Cretaceous,the moderate depth and shallow structures grew progressively and provided good traps for hydrocarbon accumulation.The moderate depth and shallow faults are the result of superposition of multistage fracturing,and faults formed in different stages have different extending characteristics.NE and NNE faults were mainly developed under nearly E W extensional stress during the deposition of Qingshankou Formation;only the nearly E W faults were developed under nearly S N extensional stress at the end of deposition of Yaojia Formation;and the NNW and NW faults were mainly developed under left lateral compresso shear stress after the deposition of Mingshui Formation.Structural inversion at the end of deposition of Mingshui Formation has resulted in the Songliao basin entering the peak of hydrocarbon generation;and changes of direction of compressional force has resulted in the opening of shallow and moderate depth old faults with different directions,which would consist of multi directional migration pathways.The compressional setting would not only provide pathways and reservoirs for hydrocarbon migration and accumulation,but would also be favorable for generation and preservation of hydrocarbons,thus realizing good matching of hydrocarbon generation,migration,accumulation and preservation.
Based on analyses of data including neotectonics earthquake,drilling,seismic,stratigraphy,structural features and satellite remote sensing,it is believed that Himalayan movement can be divided into three episodes in Songliao basin.The first and third episodes have mainly been affected by the Indian plate and result in NE SW regional principal compressive stress;while the second episode has mainly been affected by the Pacific plate and has given rise to NW SE or nearly W E regional principal compressive stress;the NW tectonism in the third episode has important effects on the early formed structural traps and the remigration and accumulation of hydrocarbons in those traps.The Tertiary in Songliao basin was deposited in a compresso depressed basin,characterized by limited distribution of formations,coarse grained clastics,and the uplifted area to be the provenance.Analysis of the Tertiary tectonic deformation ellipsoid in Songliao basin reveals that the direction of compressional stress turned from N S to nearly W E in the middle and late Paleogene(since 43?Ma).Under compression at the end of Cretaceous,the moderate depth and shallow structures grew progressively and provided good traps for hydrocarbon accumulation.The moderate depth and shallow faults are the result of superposition of multistage fracturing,and faults formed in different stages have different extending characteristics.NE and NNE faults were mainly developed under nearly E W extensional stress during the deposition of Qingshankou Formation;only the nearly E W faults were developed under nearly S N extensional stress at the end of deposition of Yaojia Formation;and the NNW and NW faults were mainly developed under left lateral compresso shear stress after the deposition of Mingshui Formation.Structural inversion at the end of deposition of Mingshui Formation has resulted in the Songliao basin entering the peak of hydrocarbon generation;and changes of direction of compressional force has resulted in the opening of shallow and moderate depth old faults with different directions,which would consist of multi directional migration pathways.The compressional setting would not only provide pathways and reservoirs for hydrocarbon migration and accumulation,but would also be favorable for generation and preservation of hydrocarbons,thus realizing good matching of hydrocarbon generation,migration,accumulation and preservation.
引文
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3 祁林,韩广玲,张惠.松辽盆地喜山运动期地应力场演化对油气运聚的影响[J].石油与天然气地质,1982,13(4):398～406
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7 万波,钟以章.东北地区的新构造运动特征分析及新构造运动分区[J].东北地震研究,1997,13(4):64～75
8 张功成,徐宏,刘和甫,等.松辽盆地反转构造与油气田分布[J].石油学报,1996,17(2):9～14
9 张莉,岳乐平,杨亚娟,等.反转构造盆地裂缝特征———以松辽盆地大庆三肇地区为例[J].石油与天然气地质,2002,23(4):361～367
10 孙樯,谢鸿森,郭捷,等.构造应力与油气藏生成及分布[J].石油与天然气地质,2000,21(2):99～103
11 СоловъъвНН,АмурскийГИ.Тектонодинамикаинефтегазоносность[J].Геотектонкка,1984,(1):34～45
2 高瑞祺,蔡希源,徐宏,等.松辽盆地油气田形成条件与分布规律[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1997.35～40
3 祁林,韩广玲,张惠.松辽盆地喜山运动期地应力场演化对油气运聚的影响[J].石油与天然气地质,1982,13(4):398～406
4 HildeTWC ,UyedaS ,KroendeL .EvolutionoftheWesternPacificanditsmargines[J].Tectonophysics,1997,(38):145～165
5 焦养泉,周海民,刘少峰,等.断陷盆地多层次幕式裂陷作用与沉积充填响应[J].地球科学———中国地质大学学报,1996,21(6):635
6 解习农,程守田,陆永潮.幕式构造旋回与层序构成[J].地球科学———中国地质大学学报,1996,21(1):28～32
7 万波,钟以章.东北地区的新构造运动特征分析及新构造运动分区[J].东北地震研究,1997,13(4):64～75
8 张功成,徐宏,刘和甫,等.松辽盆地反转构造与油气田分布[J].石油学报,1996,17(2):9～14
9 张莉,岳乐平,杨亚娟,等.反转构造盆地裂缝特征———以松辽盆地大庆三肇地区为例[J].石油与天然气地质,2002,23(4):361～367
10 孙樯,谢鸿森,郭捷,等.构造应力与油气藏生成及分布[J].石油与天然气地质,2000,21(2):99～103
11 СоловъъвНН,АмурскийГИ.Тектонодинамикаинефтегазоносность[J].Геотектонкка,1984,(1):34～45
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