沙漠区高信噪比地震采集方法
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摘要
沙丘厚度直接影响干扰波的发育程度,是导致大沙漠区地震资料信噪比低的主要原因。本文以塔克拉玛干沙漠为例,从减少和压制沙丘引起的干扰的角度出发,提出了利用DEM数据与表层数据库结合进行选线、联合应用宽线与检波器大组合、基于沙丘性质逐点设计检波器组合高差、兼顾地表虚反射影响设计检波器埋深等旨在提高地震资料信噪比的采集方法。这些方法在塔东及古城地区应用后,地震资料品质得到明显改善。
The thickness of the dune which directly affects development degree of the interference wave is a major reason for low S/N ratio in massive desert area.In order to suppress the interference wave and raise S/N ratio in seismic acquisition in Tarim desert,several methods,such as jointly using DEM data and near-surface database for line selection,integratedly applying wide spread and large geophone array,point-by-point designing geophone array elevation difference based on dune’s property,and considering affects from surface ghost reflection when designing geophone burial depth,were introduced in this paper.It can be seen that the processed seismic data quality were greatly improved after application of the methods in Tarim east area and Gucheng area.
The thickness of the dune which directly affects development degree of the interference wave is a major reason for low S/N ratio in massive desert area.In order to suppress the interference wave and raise S/N ratio in seismic acquisition in Tarim desert,several methods,such as jointly using DEM data and near-surface database for line selection,integratedly applying wide spread and large geophone array,point-by-point designing geophone array elevation difference based on dune’s property,and considering affects from surface ghost reflection when designing geophone burial depth,were introduced in this paper.It can be seen that the processed seismic data quality were greatly improved after application of the methods in Tarim east area and Gucheng area.
引文
[1]陈学强等.接收因素对沙漠区提高分辨率勘探的影响.中国石油学会2008年物探技术研讨会论文集,北京:石油工业出版社,2008
[2]张庆淮等.沙漠区宽频高能噪声对地震记录的影响.石油地球物理勘探,2008,43(2):142～145
[3]李庆忠,魏继东.论检波器横向拉开组合的重要性.石油地球物理勘探,2008,43(4):375～382
[4]王永刚等.复杂地表条件下检波器组合特性分析.石油地球物理勘探,2003,38(2):126～130
[5]罗岐峰等.重新认识地震组合检波的作用.石油地球物理勘探,2008,43(3):257～264
[6]吴超等.宽线加大组合地震技术在库车坳陷中部勘探中的应用.勘探地球物理进展,2008,31(4):290～295
[7]何樵登.地震勘探原理和方法.北京:地质出版社,1986
[8]吕公河.地震勘探虚反射界面的测定及其利用.石油地球物理勘探,2002,37(3):295～299
[2]张庆淮等.沙漠区宽频高能噪声对地震记录的影响.石油地球物理勘探,2008,43(2):142～145
[3]李庆忠,魏继东.论检波器横向拉开组合的重要性.石油地球物理勘探,2008,43(4):375～382
[4]王永刚等.复杂地表条件下检波器组合特性分析.石油地球物理勘探,2003,38(2):126～130
[5]罗岐峰等.重新认识地震组合检波的作用.石油地球物理勘探,2008,43(3):257～264
[6]吴超等.宽线加大组合地震技术在库车坳陷中部勘探中的应用.勘探地球物理进展,2008,31(4):290～295
[7]何樵登.地震勘探原理和方法.北京:地质出版社,1986
[8]吕公河.地震勘探虚反射界面的测定及其利用.石油地球物理勘探,2002,37(3):295～299
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