煤层采动底板破坏规律动态观测研究
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摘要
煤层采动后顶底板应力状态发生改变,会产生一定范围的变形与破坏,不同煤层采动过程中的底板破坏具有一定的规律。对于受底板水害威胁的煤层,正确确定底板采动破坏深度是精确预测底板阻水能力的首要条件,因此通过实测法获得该破坏深度值及规律是矿井物探研究的一个方向。多年来,我国对煤层底板破坏规律的观测研究方法较多,但受技术条件所限,真正有效适用的技术方法较少。采用震波CT探测技术,结合煤层工作面中孔–巷间形成的探测剖面,进行不同时期震波CT数据采集、反演与资料处理,可获得煤层采动过程中底板破坏的动态发育规律及特征。开采探测实践表明,震波CT技术对底板破坏规律探测具有连续的动态效应,其适用性强,应用效果显著。
The coal seam floor′s distortion and failure would be found being because of the change of stress state after coal seam mining.The failure laws of the coal seam affected by mining are different.The exact failure depth of the coal seam floor is the primary condition to forecast accurately the capability of the floor to hold up water for the coal seam having the danger of floor water.So using the practical observation methods to get the floor′s failure depth and laws is a direction for the mine geophysical study.Many observation methods are studied to get the coal seam floor′s failure depth in the past decade years.But the effective observation methods are less because of the limitation of technique.The floor′s failure developing laws and characters can be gained by seismic wave CT combining with the detective section between bore and lane in the working face.It is shown that the failure laws are dynamic because the CT data collection and process are variable according to the mining schedule.Engineering practice shows that the seismic wave CT has notable effect on the failure depth detection of floor,and it has dynamic characteristic and better applicability.
The coal seam floor′s distortion and failure would be found being because of the change of stress state after coal seam mining.The failure laws of the coal seam affected by mining are different.The exact failure depth of the coal seam floor is the primary condition to forecast accurately the capability of the floor to hold up water for the coal seam having the danger of floor water.So using the practical observation methods to get the floor′s failure depth and laws is a direction for the mine geophysical study.Many observation methods are studied to get the coal seam floor′s failure depth in the past decade years.But the effective observation methods are less because of the limitation of technique.The floor′s failure developing laws and characters can be gained by seismic wave CT combining with the detective section between bore and lane in the working face.It is shown that the failure laws are dynamic because the CT data collection and process are variable according to the mining schedule.Engineering practice shows that the seismic wave CT has notable effect on the failure depth detection of floor,and it has dynamic characteristic and better applicability.
引文
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[8]邱庆程,李伟和.跨孔地震CT层析成像在岩溶勘察中的应用[J].物探与化探,2001,25(3):236-240.(Qiu Qingcheng,Li Weihe.The application of crosshole seismic CT method to the detection of karst caves in bridge foundation investigation[J].Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,2001,25(3):236-240.(in Chinese))
[9]刘盛东,李承华.地震走时层析成像算法与比较[J].中国矿业大学学报,2000,29(2):211-214.(Liu Shengdong,Li Chenghua.Algorithm and comparison of seismic travel time computerized tomography technique[J].Journal of China University of Mining and Technology,2000,29(2):211-214.(in Chinese))
[10]宿淑春,王守东,吴律.井间层析成像的平滑SIRT算法[J].石油大学学报(自然科学版),2001,25(6):29-31.(Su Shuchun,Wang Shoudong,Wu Lu.Smoothing SIRT algorithm for cross-well travel-time tomography[J].Journal of University of Petroleum,China(Natural Science),2001,25(6):29-31.(in Chinese))
[11]张平松.应用跨孔地震CT技术检测锚基基础断裂[J].地质与勘探,2004,40(5):87-89.(Zhang Pingsong.Detection of base fault during anchor by crosshole seismic wave[J].Geology and Prospecting,2004,40(5):87-89.(in Chinese))
[12]张平松,刘盛东,吴荣新.地震波CT技术探测煤层上覆岩层破坏规律[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(15):2 510-2 513.(Zhang Pingsong,Liu Shengdong,Wu Rongxin.Observation of overburden failure of coal seam by CT of seismic wave[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2004,23(15):2 510-2 513.(in Chinese))
[2]王希良,梁建民,王进学.不同开采条件下煤层底板破坏深度的测试研究[J].煤,2000,9(3):22-23,38.(Wang Xiliang,Liang Jianmin,Wang Jinxue.Test study on coal seams floor destroyed depth under different mining conditions[J].Coal,2000,9(3):22-23,38.(in Chinese))
[3]关英斌,李海梅,路军臣.显德汪煤矿9#煤层底板破坏规律的研究[J].煤炭学报,2003,28(2):121-125.(Guan Yingbin,Li Haimei,Lu Junchen.Research on No.9 coal seam floors′fracture regularity in Xiandewang coal mine[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2003,28(2):121-125.(in Chinese))
[4]张文泉,张红日,徐方军,等.大采深倾斜薄煤层底板采动破坏形态的连续探测[J].煤田地质与勘探,2000,28(2):39-42.(Zhang Wenquan,Zhang Hongri,Xu Fangjun,et al.Continuous exploration for the mining failure form of the incline and thin coal seam′s floor under the high depth[J].Coal Geology and Exploration,2000,28(2):39-42.(in Chinese))
[5]张红日,张文泉,温兴林,等.矿井底板采动破坏特征连续观测的工程设计与实践[J].矿业研究与开发,2000,20(4):1-4.(Zhang Hongri,Zhang Wenquan,Wen Xinglin,et al.The design of continuous observation work on mining failure feature in the floor of mine and its practice[J].Mining Research and Development,2000,20(4):1-4.(in Chinese))
[6]刘传武,张明,赵武升.用声波测试技术确定煤层开采后底板破坏深度[J].煤炭科技,2003,(4):4-5.(Liu Chuanwu,Zhang Ming,Zhao Wusheng.Destroying depth of coal seam floor′s failure by sound wave technology[J].Coal Science and Technology,2003,(4):4-5.(in Chinese))
[7]王辉,黄鼎成.地震层析成像方法及其在岩体结构中的应用[J].工程地质学报,2000,8(1):109-117.(Wang Hui,Huang Dingcheng.Seismic tomography and its application to rock mass structure study[J].Journal of Engineering Geology,2000,8(1):109-117.(in Chinese))
[8]邱庆程,李伟和.跨孔地震CT层析成像在岩溶勘察中的应用[J].物探与化探,2001,25(3):236-240.(Qiu Qingcheng,Li Weihe.The application of crosshole seismic CT method to the detection of karst caves in bridge foundation investigation[J].Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,2001,25(3):236-240.(in Chinese))
[9]刘盛东,李承华.地震走时层析成像算法与比较[J].中国矿业大学学报,2000,29(2):211-214.(Liu Shengdong,Li Chenghua.Algorithm and comparison of seismic travel time computerized tomography technique[J].Journal of China University of Mining and Technology,2000,29(2):211-214.(in Chinese))
[10]宿淑春,王守东,吴律.井间层析成像的平滑SIRT算法[J].石油大学学报(自然科学版),2001,25(6):29-31.(Su Shuchun,Wang Shoudong,Wu Lu.Smoothing SIRT algorithm for cross-well travel-time tomography[J].Journal of University of Petroleum,China(Natural Science),2001,25(6):29-31.(in Chinese))
[11]张平松.应用跨孔地震CT技术检测锚基基础断裂[J].地质与勘探,2004,40(5):87-89.(Zhang Pingsong.Detection of base fault during anchor by crosshole seismic wave[J].Geology and Prospecting,2004,40(5):87-89.(in Chinese))
[12]张平松,刘盛东,吴荣新.地震波CT技术探测煤层上覆岩层破坏规律[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(15):2 510-2 513.(Zhang Pingsong,Liu Shengdong,Wu Rongxin.Observation of overburden failure of coal seam by CT of seismic wave[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2004,23(15):2 510-2 513.(in Chinese))
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