渗透压力对重力坝有限元分析的影响研究
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摘要
针对有限元分析重力坝的应力和抗滑稳定性时,如何正确模拟作用在建基面上的扬压力的问题,通过对有限元法中不同扬压力施加方式对计算结果影响的分析比较,探讨了各自的适用性。采用平面渗流理论,分析了渗透压力对坝体变形、应力分布及抗滑稳定的影响。数值计算结果表明:坝体内渗流场形成后,将扬压力以面力的形式施加在建基面上的方法是不可取的;采用浮重度的方式模拟扬压力的作用,得出结果的可以近似地满足工程精度要求。计算结果还表明,防渗帷幕和排水孔对重力坝的应力、抗滑稳定具有较大的影响。
Aiming at how to simulate the uplift pressure of the interface between dam and foundation in the stress and stability analysis of dam with finite element method(FEM),different numerical simulation methods of imposing uplift pressure are analyzed. By comparing the influence on the deformation,stress distribution and stability of dam foundation rock,their applied range and limitation are indicated respectively for specific application purpose. At the same time,the influence of dam seepage fields on the dam deformation is discussed based on spatial seepage flow theory. The research shows that irrational results might be obtained when uplift pressure is used to act on one side of element of the interface between dam and foundation as face loads,and the numerical result calculated by using the buoyancy unit weight of concrete under the saturated surface can agree well with that calculated by the seepage-body-force. The research also indicates that the curtain and drainage hole have a considerable influence on the stress distribution and stability of concrete gravity dam.
Aiming at how to simulate the uplift pressure of the interface between dam and foundation in the stress and stability analysis of dam with finite element method(FEM),different numerical simulation methods of imposing uplift pressure are analyzed. By comparing the influence on the deformation,stress distribution and stability of dam foundation rock,their applied range and limitation are indicated respectively for specific application purpose. At the same time,the influence of dam seepage fields on the dam deformation is discussed based on spatial seepage flow theory. The research shows that irrational results might be obtained when uplift pressure is used to act on one side of element of the interface between dam and foundation as face loads,and the numerical result calculated by using the buoyancy unit weight of concrete under the saturated surface can agree well with that calculated by the seepage-body-force. The research also indicates that the curtain and drainage hole have a considerable influence on the stress distribution and stability of concrete gravity dam.
引文
[1]张宪宏.关于岩基混凝土重力坝抗滑稳定的一些问题[J].水力发电学报,2005,24(1):127-128.ZHANG Xian-hong.About the stability of concrete gravity dam on rock foundation against sliding[J].Journal of Hydroelectric Engineering,2005,24(1):127-128.
[2]张光斗.混凝土重力坝的渗透压力[J].清华大学学报(自然科学版),1957,(1):133-149.ZHANG Guang-dou.Filtration pressure of the concrete gravity dams[J].Journal of Tsinghua University(Science and Technology),1957,(1):133-149.
[3]顾俊彦.关于混凝土重力坝坝基扬压力的若干问题[J].水电自动化与大坝监测,1982,(3):45-51.GU Jun-yan.Several problems on uplift for gravity dams[J].Hydropower Automation and Dam Monitoring,1982,(3):45-51.
[4]郑东健,曹邱林,王健.混凝土坝最大扬压力的分析研究[J].长江科学院院报,2002,19(3):13-15.ZHENG Dong-jian,CAO Qiu-lin,WANG Jian.Analysis of utmost uplift pressure below concrete dam[J].Journal of Yangtze River Scientific Research Institute,2002,19(3):13-15.
[5]赵代深.重力坝的水荷载分析[J].水利学报,1984,(7):53-61.ZHAO Dai-shen.Analysis of gravity dam water load[J].Journal of Hydraulic Engineering,1984,(7):53-61.
[6]潘家铮.坝体有限元分析中的水荷载问题[J].水力发电,1984,(3):21-26.PAN Jia-zheng.About problem of water load of dam body in FEM[J].Water Power,1984,(7):53-61.
[7]林绍忠.有限元分析中坝基面和结构面渗透压力的合理模拟[J].长江科学院院报,1993,10(2):50-53.LIN Shao-zhong.Simulation of osmotic pressure acting on planes of dam foundation and structure in FEM[J].Journal of Yangtze River Scientific Research Institute,1993,10(2):50-53.
[8]段亚辉,赖国伟.碾压混凝土重力坝失稳破坏机理的初步分析[J].水利学报,1995,(5):55-59.DUAN Ya-hui,LAI Guo-wei.Study of failure mechanism of roller compacted concrete fravity dam[J].Journal of Hydraulic Engineering,1995,(5):55-59.
[9]陈革强,郑建光,杜德进.渗流体积力对坝基岩体的作用研究[J].长江科学院院报,1999,16(4):15-18.CHEN Ge-qiang,ZHENG Jian-guang,DU De-jin.Research on action of seepage body force on dam foundation rock[J].Journal of Yangtze River Scientific Research Institute,1999,16(4):15-18.
[10]白卫峰,陈健云,钟红.基于混凝土率相关损伤模型的重力坝地震动超载响应分析[J].水利学报,2006,37(7):820-826.BAI Wei-feng,CHEN Jian-yun,ZHONG Hong.Seismic overload response analysis of concrete gravity dam based on strain rate-dependent damage model[J].Journal of Hydraulic Engineering,2006,37(7):820-826.
[2]张光斗.混凝土重力坝的渗透压力[J].清华大学学报(自然科学版),1957,(1):133-149.ZHANG Guang-dou.Filtration pressure of the concrete gravity dams[J].Journal of Tsinghua University(Science and Technology),1957,(1):133-149.
[3]顾俊彦.关于混凝土重力坝坝基扬压力的若干问题[J].水电自动化与大坝监测,1982,(3):45-51.GU Jun-yan.Several problems on uplift for gravity dams[J].Hydropower Automation and Dam Monitoring,1982,(3):45-51.
[4]郑东健,曹邱林,王健.混凝土坝最大扬压力的分析研究[J].长江科学院院报,2002,19(3):13-15.ZHENG Dong-jian,CAO Qiu-lin,WANG Jian.Analysis of utmost uplift pressure below concrete dam[J].Journal of Yangtze River Scientific Research Institute,2002,19(3):13-15.
[5]赵代深.重力坝的水荷载分析[J].水利学报,1984,(7):53-61.ZHAO Dai-shen.Analysis of gravity dam water load[J].Journal of Hydraulic Engineering,1984,(7):53-61.
[6]潘家铮.坝体有限元分析中的水荷载问题[J].水力发电,1984,(3):21-26.PAN Jia-zheng.About problem of water load of dam body in FEM[J].Water Power,1984,(7):53-61.
[7]林绍忠.有限元分析中坝基面和结构面渗透压力的合理模拟[J].长江科学院院报,1993,10(2):50-53.LIN Shao-zhong.Simulation of osmotic pressure acting on planes of dam foundation and structure in FEM[J].Journal of Yangtze River Scientific Research Institute,1993,10(2):50-53.
[8]段亚辉,赖国伟.碾压混凝土重力坝失稳破坏机理的初步分析[J].水利学报,1995,(5):55-59.DUAN Ya-hui,LAI Guo-wei.Study of failure mechanism of roller compacted concrete fravity dam[J].Journal of Hydraulic Engineering,1995,(5):55-59.
[9]陈革强,郑建光,杜德进.渗流体积力对坝基岩体的作用研究[J].长江科学院院报,1999,16(4):15-18.CHEN Ge-qiang,ZHENG Jian-guang,DU De-jin.Research on action of seepage body force on dam foundation rock[J].Journal of Yangtze River Scientific Research Institute,1999,16(4):15-18.
[10]白卫峰,陈健云,钟红.基于混凝土率相关损伤模型的重力坝地震动超载响应分析[J].水利学报,2006,37(7):820-826.BAI Wei-feng,CHEN Jian-yun,ZHONG Hong.Seismic overload response analysis of concrete gravity dam based on strain rate-dependent damage model[J].Journal of Hydraulic Engineering,2006,37(7):820-826.
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