盐岩体储库裂缝流体渗流数值模拟
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摘要
结合中国地下油气储库建造过程中所出现层状盐岩体问题,建立盐岩体裂缝流体渗流数学模型,并进行了相应的数值模拟。数值模拟结果表明,高压流体裂缝渗透过程中,沿裂缝通道上,流体压力在逐步降低。对于油气等稳定性流体,在裂缝渗流扩展的通道上,盐岩体裂缝呈扇形状张开;对于水溶液来讲,由于盐岩溶解的影响,靠近储库腔体壁附近的裂缝宽度较大,渗透率较高,在整个裂缝通道上,压力降低较慢,扩展距离也远于高压油气流体作用下的情况。结果提示:在盐岩体溶腔油气储库运营过程中,严格控制腔体压力不得大于地层应力及其抗拉强度;同时应控制天然气的采出速率,防止腔体内水合物的生成。以此来避免盐岩体在分层界面的水溶液渗透(流),保持腔体的致密性及稳定性。对中国在盐岩体中油气储库的建造及运行具有十分重要的意义和价值。
According to the reality of bedded rock salt and clay interlayer in China,the constitutive model of seepage in rock salt mass is constituted and some numerical simulations are carried out in this paper.Results illustrate that the fluid pressure decreases along the infiltrated direction and the aperture of the opened fracture differ with the different infiltrated fluids,the aperture of the water-infiltrated and fan-shaped fracture is wider than those of the oil-or gas-infiltrated because of dissolvability of salt in the unsaturated brine,the pressure gradient is small and its infiltrated area is wide simultaneously.It can be concluded that the inner pressure of oil or gas repository should not be high up to the sum of the local ground stress and the tensile strengths of the interlayer,at the same time,the output speed of the pressured gas should be controlled to avoid the generation of hydrate in the cavity.Thus the tightness and stability of the oil and gas repository can be guaranteed.The study is significant and meaningful for construction and operation of oil and gas repository in bedded rock salt of China.
According to the reality of bedded rock salt and clay interlayer in China,the constitutive model of seepage in rock salt mass is constituted and some numerical simulations are carried out in this paper.Results illustrate that the fluid pressure decreases along the infiltrated direction and the aperture of the opened fracture differ with the different infiltrated fluids,the aperture of the water-infiltrated and fan-shaped fracture is wider than those of the oil-or gas-infiltrated because of dissolvability of salt in the unsaturated brine,the pressure gradient is small and its infiltrated area is wide simultaneously.It can be concluded that the inner pressure of oil or gas repository should not be high up to the sum of the local ground stress and the tensile strengths of the interlayer,at the same time,the output speed of the pressured gas should be controlled to avoid the generation of hydrate in the cavity.Thus the tightness and stability of the oil and gas repository can be guaranteed.The study is significant and meaningful for construction and operation of oil and gas repository in bedded rock salt of China.
引文
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[2]管国兴,李留荣.配合“西气东输”加快岩盐开发建立地下储气库[J].中国井矿盐,2001,32(6)25-27.
[3]王家枢.石油与国家安全[M].北京:地震出版社,2001
[4]王清明.关于我国盐矿水采溶洞利用问题的刍议[J].中国井矿盐,2002,33(1)17-20.
[5]梁卫国,李志萍,赵阳升.盐矿水溶开采室内试验的研究[J].辽宁工程技术大学学报,2003,22(1)54-57.
[6]Staudtmeister K,Rokahr R B.Rock Mechanical Design of Storage Caverns for Natural Gas in Rock Salt Mass[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Science,1997,34(3/4):115-117.
[7]Istvan J A,Evans L J,Weber J H,et.al.Rock Mechanics for Gas Storage in Bedded Salt Caverns[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Science,1997(34):647.
[8]梁卫国,赵阳升.岩盐力学特性的实验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(3)391-394.
[9]梁卫国,徐素国,赵阳升.岩盐剪切破坏温度效应的实验研究[J].地质与勘探,2003,39(增):56-59.
[10]梁卫国,赵阳升,徐素国.240℃内岩盐物理力学特性的实验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(14):2365-2369.
[11]梁卫国,徐素国,赵阳升.损伤岩盐高温再结晶剪切特性实验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(20):3413-3417..
[12]Bear J.多孔介质流体动力学[M].北京:建筑工业出版社,1983:47-90.
[13]赵阳升.矿山岩石流体力学[M].北京:煤炭工业出版社,1994:112-124.
[14]梁卫国.盐类矿床水压致裂水溶开采的多场耦合分析[D].太原理工大学,2004.
[15]梁卫国,赵阳升,李志萍.岩盐水压致裂溶解耦合数学模型与数值模拟[J].岩土工程学报,2003,25(4):427-430.
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