基于三维视角的众创空间政策文本分析
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摘要
从政策工具、价值属性和生命周期3个维度构建众创空间政策分析框架,对4个国家部委文件和39个省级众创空间政策文件进行分析评价。研究发现,众创空间政策体系覆盖了供给、需要和环境3个层面,具有低成本、便利化、全要素、开放式4个价值属性,贯穿了创建、成长和维护3个环节,但存在忽视环境氛围的营造,全要素价值属性体现不足,没有重视众创空间成长和维护等问题。为促进众创空间可持续发展,政策体系应更加注重政策的协同性、适度性,更加注重激发市场活力。
From three dimensions of policy tools, value attributes and life cycle, this paper builds a policy analysis framework for hackerspace, analyzes and evaluates the documents of 4 national ministries and 39 provinces and municipalities with this policy analysis framework. Research results show that the hackerspace policy system covers three levels of supply, demand and environment, and has four value attributes of low cost, convenience, total factor and openness, which runs through three links of creation, growth and maintenance. However, there are some problems, such as neglecting the construction of environmental atmosphere, insufficient embodiment of the value attribute of total factor, and ignoring the growth and maintenance of hackerspace. In order to promote sustainable development of the hackerspace, the policy system should pay more attention to the coordination and moderation of the policy, and pay more attention to stimulating the vitality of the market.
From three dimensions of policy tools, value attributes and life cycle, this paper builds a policy analysis framework for hackerspace, analyzes and evaluates the documents of 4 national ministries and 39 provinces and municipalities with this policy analysis framework. Research results show that the hackerspace policy system covers three levels of supply, demand and environment, and has four value attributes of low cost, convenience, total factor and openness, which runs through three links of creation, growth and maintenance. However, there are some problems, such as neglecting the construction of environmental atmosphere, insufficient embodiment of the value attribute of total factor, and ignoring the growth and maintenance of hackerspace. In order to promote sustainable development of the hackerspace, the policy system should pay more attention to the coordination and moderation of the policy, and pay more attention to stimulating the vitality of the market.
引文
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[4]陈章旺, 柯玉珍, 孙湘湘.我国众创空间产业政策评价与改进策略[J].科技管理研究,2018(6):18-24.
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[14]OH W, JEON S.Membership herding and network stability in the open source community: the Ising perspective[J].Management Science, 2007,53(7):1086-1101.
[15]李雪灵, 马文杰, 刘钊, 等.合法性视角下的创业导向与企业成长:基于中国新企业的实证检验[J].中国工业经济, 2011(8):99-108.
[16]张玉利,陈立新.中小企业创业的核心要素与创业环境分析[J].经济界, 2004(3):29-34.
[17]BUERA F J.A dynamic model of entrepreneurship with borrowing constraints: theory and evidence[J].Annals of Finance, 2009(5):443-464.
[18]吴立涛.我国众创空间的发展现状、存在问题及对策建议[EB/OL].(2017-02-20)[2018-04-10].http://www.chinahightech.com/html/paper/2017/0220/366594.html.
[19]崔祥民.基于水平与均衡双重视角的众创空间生态系统健康评价研究[J].科技与经济, 2018(5):16-20.
[2]黄飞, 柳礼泉.塑造具有中国特色的创客空间文化[J].学习与实践, 2017(8):124-131.
[3]朱伟.西方政策设计理论的复兴、障碍与发展[J].南京社会科学, 2018(5):75-81.
[4]陈章旺, 柯玉珍, 孙湘湘.我国众创空间产业政策评价与改进策略[J].科技管理研究,2018(6):18-24.
[5]DUN W N.Methods of the second type: coping with the wilderness of conventional policy research[J].Review of Policy Research, 1988,7(4):720-737.
[6]VEDUNG E.Public policy and program evaluation[M].London: Transaction Publishers, 1997.
[7]HOWLETT M, KIM J, WEAVER P.Assessing instrument mixes through program-and agency-level data: methodological issues in contemporary implementation research[J].Review of Policy Research, 2006,23(1):129-151.
[8]ROTHWELL R, ZEGVELD W.Reindustrialization and technology[M].London:Longman Group Limited, 1985.
[9]徐广林, 林贡钦.公众参与创新的社会网络:创客文化与创客空间[J].科学学与科学技术管理, 2016(2):11-20.
[10]李燕萍, 陈武, 李正海.驱动中国创新发展的创客与众创空间培育:理论与实践[J].科技进步与对策, 2016(20):154-160.
[11]邓恩.公共政策分析导论[M].2版.谢明,译.北京:中国人民大学出版社, 2002.
[12]张骁, 周霞, 王亚丹.中国科技服务业政策的量化与演变[J].中国科技论坛,2018 (6): 6-13.
[13]叶前, 李峥, 巍阳娜.众创空间:挤掉泡沫谋转型[EB/OL].(2017-03-09)[2018-02-02]. http://www.jjckb.cn/2017-03/09/c_136114073.htm.
[14]OH W, JEON S.Membership herding and network stability in the open source community: the Ising perspective[J].Management Science, 2007,53(7):1086-1101.
[15]李雪灵, 马文杰, 刘钊, 等.合法性视角下的创业导向与企业成长:基于中国新企业的实证检验[J].中国工业经济, 2011(8):99-108.
[16]张玉利,陈立新.中小企业创业的核心要素与创业环境分析[J].经济界, 2004(3):29-34.
[17]BUERA F J.A dynamic model of entrepreneurship with borrowing constraints: theory and evidence[J].Annals of Finance, 2009(5):443-464.
[18]吴立涛.我国众创空间的发展现状、存在问题及对策建议[EB/OL].(2017-02-20)[2018-04-10].http://www.chinahightech.com/html/paper/2017/0220/366594.html.
[19]崔祥民.基于水平与均衡双重视角的众创空间生态系统健康评价研究[J].科技与经济, 2018(5):16-20.
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