滨海环境颗粒物对分散溢油表面性质的影响
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摘要
用室内实验模拟海洋环境的方法,研究了在不同颗粒物浓度和粒径、海水盐度以及pH值条件下,加入不同种类的颗粒物对胜利原油表面性质的影响;同时制备石油-悬浮颗粒物凝聚体(OSAs),并测定凝聚体中油滴平均粒径的大小。结果表明:随着悬浮颗粒物浓度的增加和颗粒物粒径的减小,油-水界面张力和Zeta电位逐渐减小;在加入不同颗粒物条件下油-水界面张力、Zeta电位和油滴粒径均随着海水盐度的增加而减小,加入高岭土时达到最小,分别为0.2 mN/m、-3.47 mV和8.6μm;油-水界面张力随pH值的增加先减小后增大,Zeta电位随pH值的增加先增大后减小,油-水界面张力最低值和Zeta电位最高值均在pH值为7～8时达到;消油剂和颗粒物共同作用条件下,油-水界面张力、Zeta电位和油滴粒径可分别降低至0.1 mN/m、-1.91 mV和1.9μm。
Under different conditions(e.g., different sediment concentrations and sizes, salinity and pH values of the seawater, etc.), effects of different particulate matters(i.e., kaoline, bentonite and sediment) on the surface properties of Shengli crude oil were investigated. The oil-suspended particulate matter aggregates(OSAs) were prepared and the average size of the oil droplets in the OSAs was measured. Experimental results indicated that both of oil-water interfacial tension(IFT) and Zeta potential decrease when particulate concentration and size increase. The oil-water IFT, Zeta potential and droplet size all decrease with the increase of seawater salinity. When kaoline is added, the above measured minimum value can be 0.2 mN/m,-3.47 mV and 8.6 μm correspondingly. With increasing water pH value, the oil-water IFT decreases initially and then increases, but the Zeta potential increases in the beginning and then decreases. When pH value is between 7-8, the minimum value of IFT and the maximum value of Zeta potential can be reached. When the oil dispersant is added with the particulate, the oil-water IFT, Zeta potential and oil droplet size can be reduced to 0.1 mN/m,-1.91 mV and 1.9 μm, correspondingly.
Under different conditions(e.g., different sediment concentrations and sizes, salinity and pH values of the seawater, etc.), effects of different particulate matters(i.e., kaoline, bentonite and sediment) on the surface properties of Shengli crude oil were investigated. The oil-suspended particulate matter aggregates(OSAs) were prepared and the average size of the oil droplets in the OSAs was measured. Experimental results indicated that both of oil-water interfacial tension(IFT) and Zeta potential decrease when particulate concentration and size increase. The oil-water IFT, Zeta potential and droplet size all decrease with the increase of seawater salinity. When kaoline is added, the above measured minimum value can be 0.2 mN/m,-3.47 mV and 8.6 μm correspondingly. With increasing water pH value, the oil-water IFT decreases initially and then increases, but the Zeta potential increases in the beginning and then decreases. When pH value is between 7-8, the minimum value of IFT and the maximum value of Zeta potential can be reached. When the oil dispersant is added with the particulate, the oil-water IFT, Zeta potential and oil droplet size can be reduced to 0.1 mN/m,-1.91 mV and 1.9 μm, correspondingly.
引文
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[16]GUYOMARCH J,FLOCH S L,MERLIN F X.Effect of suspended mineral load,water salinity and oil type on the size of oil-mineral aggregates in the presence of chemical dispersant[J].Spill Science&Technology Bulletin,2002,8(1):95-100.
[17]KHELIFA A,STOFFYN-EGLI P,HILL P S,et al.Effects of salinity and clay type on oil-mineral aggregation[J].Marine Environmental Research,2005,59(3):235-254.
[18]MYERS S L,SHIVELY M L.Preparation and characterization of emulsifiable glasses:Oil-in-water and water-in-oil-in-water emulsions[J].Journal of Colloid&Interface Science,1992,149(1):271-278.
[19]SZTUKOWSKI D M,YARRANTON H W.Oil field solids and water-in-oil emulsion stability[J].Journal of Colloid&Interface Science,2005,285(2):821-833.
[20]GU G,XU Z,NANDAKUMAR K,et al.Influence of water-soluble and water-insoluble natural surface-active components on the stability of water-in-toluene-diluted bitumen emulsion[J].Fuel,2002,81(14):1859-1869.
[21]VASHISTH C,WHITBY C P,FORNASIERO D,et al.Interfacial displacement of nanoparticles by surfactant molecules in emulsions[J].Journal of Colloid&Interface Science,2010,349(2):537-543.
[2]GUSTITUE S A,JOHN G F,CLEMENT T P.Effects of weathering on the dispersion of crude oil through oilmineral aggregation[J].Science of the Total Environment,2017,587-588:36-46.
[3]RAHSEPAR S,AAM L,MPJ S,et al.Oil biodegradation:Interactions of artificial marine snow,clay particles,oil and Corexit[J].Marine Pollution Bulletin,2017,125:186-191
[4]GONG Y,ZHAO X,CAI Z,et al.A review of oil,dispersed oil and sediment interactions in the aquatic environment:Influence on the fate,transport and remediation of oil spills[J].Marine Pollution Bulletin,2013,79(1/2):16-33.
[5]王玮,李楷,郝帅,等.结合吸附模型预测油水液滴的界面流变性质[J].化工学报,2013,64(8):2947-2955.(WANG Wei,LI Kai,HAO Shuai,et al.Interfacial rheological properties of oil/water droplet with dynamic adsorption models[J].CIESC Journal,2013,64(8):2947-2955.)
[6]YARRANTON H W,URRUTIA P,SZTUKOWSKI D M.Effect of interfacial rheology on model emulsion coalescenceⅡEmulsion coalescence[J].Journal of Colloid&Interface Science,2007,310(1):253-259.
[7]LI C,LIU Q,MEI Z,et al.Pickering emulsions stabilized by paraffin wax and Laponite clay particles[J].Journal of Colloid&Interface Science,2009,336(1):314-321.
[8]高芒来,孟秀霞,孟庆民.分子沉积膜驱剂在原油/水中的分配及油水界面张力[J].中国石油大学学报自然科学版,2005,29(3):124-129.(GAO Manglai,MENGXiuxia,MENG Qingmin.Measurement for distribution coefficient and interfacial tension of molecular deposition filming flooding agent between crude oil and water[J].Journal of China University of Petroleum,2005,29(3):124-129.)
[9]TORRES L G,ITURBE R,SNOWDEN M J,et al.Preparation of o/w emulsions stabilized by solid particles and their characterization by oscillatory rheology[J].Colloids&Surfaces A Physicochemical&Engineering Aspects,2007,302(1/2/3):439-448.
[10]WANG J,YANG F,TAN J,et al.Pickering emulsions stabilized by a lipophilic surfactant and hydrophilic platelike particles[J].Langmuir the ACS Journal of Surfaces&Colloids,2010,26(8):5397-5404.
[11]BINKS B P,HOROZOV T S.Colloidal Particles at Liquid Interfaces[M].New York:Cambridge University Press,2006.
[12]NCIRI H,BENNA M.Influence of clay addition on the properties of olive oil in water emulsions[J].Applied Clay Science,2009,43(3):383-391.
[13]PARRA-BARRAZA H,HERNANDEZ-MONTIEL D,LIZARDI J,et al.The zeta potential and surface properties of asphaltenes obtained with different crude oil/n-heptane proportions[J].Fuel,2003,82(8):869-874.
[14]王慧云,温新民,张宏伟,等.蒙脱土对胜利原油油水界面性质及油水分离的影响[J].中国石油大学学报(自然科学版),2007,31(2):130-134.(WANGHuiyun,WEN Xinmin,ZHANG Hongwei,et al.Influence of montmorillonite on oil and water interfacial properties and separation of Shengli crude oil[J].Journal of China University of Petroleum(Edition of Natural Science),2007,31(2):130-134.)
[15]JEONG M W,OH S G,KIM Y C.Effects of amine and amine oxide compounds on the zeta-potential of emulsion droplets stabilized by phosphatidylcholine[J].Colloids&Surfaces a Physicochemical&Engineering Aspects,2001,181(1/2/3):247-253.
[16]GUYOMARCH J,FLOCH S L,MERLIN F X.Effect of suspended mineral load,water salinity and oil type on the size of oil-mineral aggregates in the presence of chemical dispersant[J].Spill Science&Technology Bulletin,2002,8(1):95-100.
[17]KHELIFA A,STOFFYN-EGLI P,HILL P S,et al.Effects of salinity and clay type on oil-mineral aggregation[J].Marine Environmental Research,2005,59(3):235-254.
[18]MYERS S L,SHIVELY M L.Preparation and characterization of emulsifiable glasses:Oil-in-water and water-in-oil-in-water emulsions[J].Journal of Colloid&Interface Science,1992,149(1):271-278.
[19]SZTUKOWSKI D M,YARRANTON H W.Oil field solids and water-in-oil emulsion stability[J].Journal of Colloid&Interface Science,2005,285(2):821-833.
[20]GU G,XU Z,NANDAKUMAR K,et al.Influence of water-soluble and water-insoluble natural surface-active components on the stability of water-in-toluene-diluted bitumen emulsion[J].Fuel,2002,81(14):1859-1869.
[21]VASHISTH C,WHITBY C P,FORNASIERO D,et al.Interfacial displacement of nanoparticles by surfactant molecules in emulsions[J].Journal of Colloid&Interface Science,2010,349(2):537-543.
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