准噶尔盆地上二叠统风险领域分析与沙湾凹陷战略发现
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摘要
从玛湖大油区上二叠统成藏特点和油气分布规律入手,明确了3种类型油气藏有序分布规律,建立地层背景下广覆式退积型扇三角洲源上大面积成藏模式。首次统一准噶尔盆地二叠系东西部地层系统,通过石油地质条件类比研究,发现了面积超过2.5×10~4km~2的中央坳陷上二叠统中组合石油重大接替领域。在古地貌控沉控砂交互分析基础上,认为上二叠统受沟槽体系控制,在地层超覆背景下发育八大扇三角洲沉积,为此确定四大勘探领域和十大有利区带成藏条件优越,具备整体勘探条件。沙湾凹陷西斜坡是油气长期汇聚成藏的有利指向区,其上乌尔禾组、百口泉组发育扇三角洲前缘相带有利储层,物性较好,岩性圈闭群数量多、面积广,资源量大且勘探程度低,具有多层系立体成藏的特点,是风险勘探的重大领域。为此2018年优选沙湾凹陷西斜坡地层背景下岩性油藏群作为突破口,部署沙探1井,获重大发现,展现出与玛湖凹陷类似的多层系立体勘探潜力,有望与玛湖大油区连片,形成又一个勘探大场面。
According to the hydrocarbon accumulation characteristics and hydrocarbon distribution laws of Upper Permian in the Mahu oil region, the distribution of three types of oil and gas reservoirs were clarified, and the pattern of large-scale hydrocarbon accumulation above the source rock of extensive retrograding fan delta in the stratigraphic setting was established. It was the first time that the Permian stratigraphic systems in the east and west of the Junggar Basin were unified. By petroleum geological analog, a significant petroleum replacement field with the area over 2.5×104 km2 was discovered in the middle assemblage in Upper Jurassic of the Central depression. The controlling of palaeogeomorphology on sedimentation and sand was analyzed interactively, and it is indicated that the Upper Permian is controlled by groove systems and 8 major deposits of fan deltas are developed in the setting of stratigraphic overlap. Thus, it is confirmed that 4 major exploration fields and 10 favorable zones are good in hydrocarbon accumulation conditions, and they satisfy the conditions of overall exploration. The west slope of Shawan sag is a favorable destination of long-term hydrocarbon accumulation. In the Upper Wuerhe Formation and Baikouquan Formation, there are favorable reservoirs of fan delta front facies, with good physical properties. There are a great number of broad lithologic trap groups, with abundant resources and low exploration degree. It is revealed that the west slope is a major field of risk exploration with the characteristics of multi-layer stereo hydrocarbon accumulation. In 2018, the lithologic oil reservoir group in the stratigraphic setting of west slope was selected as the breakthrough point for exploration, where Well Shatan 1 was deployed. The significant discovery demonstrates the potential of multi-layer stereo exploration, similar to that in the Mahu sag. And it is expected to be connected with Mahu oil region, forming an other great exploration area.
According to the hydrocarbon accumulation characteristics and hydrocarbon distribution laws of Upper Permian in the Mahu oil region, the distribution of three types of oil and gas reservoirs were clarified, and the pattern of large-scale hydrocarbon accumulation above the source rock of extensive retrograding fan delta in the stratigraphic setting was established. It was the first time that the Permian stratigraphic systems in the east and west of the Junggar Basin were unified. By petroleum geological analog, a significant petroleum replacement field with the area over 2.5×104 km2 was discovered in the middle assemblage in Upper Jurassic of the Central depression. The controlling of palaeogeomorphology on sedimentation and sand was analyzed interactively, and it is indicated that the Upper Permian is controlled by groove systems and 8 major deposits of fan deltas are developed in the setting of stratigraphic overlap. Thus, it is confirmed that 4 major exploration fields and 10 favorable zones are good in hydrocarbon accumulation conditions, and they satisfy the conditions of overall exploration. The west slope of Shawan sag is a favorable destination of long-term hydrocarbon accumulation. In the Upper Wuerhe Formation and Baikouquan Formation, there are favorable reservoirs of fan delta front facies, with good physical properties. There are a great number of broad lithologic trap groups, with abundant resources and low exploration degree. It is revealed that the west slope is a major field of risk exploration with the characteristics of multi-layer stereo hydrocarbon accumulation. In 2018, the lithologic oil reservoir group in the stratigraphic setting of west slope was selected as the breakthrough point for exploration, where Well Shatan 1 was deployed. The significant discovery demonstrates the potential of multi-layer stereo exploration, similar to that in the Mahu sag. And it is expected to be connected with Mahu oil region, forming an other great exploration area.
引文
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[8]匡立春,唐勇,雷德文,吴涛,瞿建华.准噶尔盆地玛湖凹陷斜坡区三叠系百口泉组扇控大面积岩性油藏勘探实践[J].中国石油勘探,2014,19(6):14-23.Kuang Lichun,Tang Yong,Lei Dewen,Wu Tao,Qu Jianhua.Exploration of fan-controlled large-area lithologic oil reservoirs of Triassic Baikouquan Formation in slope zone of Mahu depression in Junggar Basin[J].China Petroleum Exploration,2014,19(6):14-23.
[9]支东明.玛湖凹陷百口泉组准连续型高效油藏的发现与成藏机制[J].新疆石油地质,2016,37(4):343-382.Zhi Dongming.Discovery and hydrocarbon accumulation mechanism of quasi-continuous high-efficiency reservoirs of Baikouquan Formation in Mahu sag,Junggar Basin[J].Xinjiang Petroleum Geology,2016,37(4):343-382.
[10]唐勇,徐洋,瞿建华,孟祥超,邹志文.玛湖凹陷百口泉组扇三角洲群特征及分布[J].新疆石油地质,2014,35(6):628-635.Tang Yong,Xu Yang,Qu Jianhua,Meng Xiangchao,Zou Zhiwen.Fan-delta group characteristics and its distribution of the Triassic Baikouquan reservoirs in Mahu sag of Junggar Basin[J].Xinjiang Petroleum Geology,2014,35(6):628-635.
[11]雷德文,瞿建华,安志渊,尤新才,吴涛.玛湖凹陷百口泉组低渗砂砾岩油气藏成藏条件及富集规律[J].新疆石油地质,2015,36(6):642-647.Lei Dewen,Qu Jianhua,An Zhiyuan,You Xincai,Wu Tao.Hydrocarbon accumulation conditions and enrichment regularity of low-permeability glutenite reservoirs of Baikouquan Formation in Mahu sag,Junggar Basin[J].Xinjiang Petroleum Geology,2015,36(6):642-647.
[12]阿布力米提·依明,唐勇,曹剑,陈刚强,陈静.准噶尔盆地玛湖凹陷下三叠统百口泉组源外“连续型”油藏成藏机理与富集规律[J].天然气地球科学,2016,27(2):241-250.Ablimit·Imin,Tang Yong,Cao Jian,Chen Gangqiang,Chen Jing.Accumulation mechanism and enrichment rules of the continuous hydrocarbon plays in the Lower Triassic Baikouquan Formation of the Mahu sag,Junggar Basin[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2016,27(2):241-250.
[13]侯启军,何海清,李建忠,杨涛.中国石油天然气股份有限公司近期油气勘探进展及前景展望[J].中国石油勘探,2018,23(1):1-13.Hou Qijun,He Haiqing,Li Jianzhong,Yang Tao.Recent progress and prospect of oil and gas exploration by PetroChina Company Limited[J].China Petroleum Exploration,2018,23(1):1-13.
[14]杜洪凌,许江文,李峋,陆军,章敬,彭永灿,等.新疆油田致密砂砾岩油藏效益开发的发展与深化--地质工程一体化在玛湖地区的实践与思考[J].中国石油勘探,2018,23(2):15-26.Du Hongling,Xu Jiangwen,Li Xun,Lu Jun,Zhang Jing,Peng Yongcan,et al.Development and deepening of profitable development of tight glutenite oil reservoirs in Xinjiang oilfield:application of geology-engineering integration in Mahu area and its enlightenment[J].China Petroleum Exploration,2018,23(2):15-26.
[15]郝景宇,黄立良,吴采西,潘立君,马辉树.准噶尔盆地西北缘乌尔禾组时代归属及层位关系[J].新疆石油地质,2012,33(1):43-45.Hao Jingyu,Huang Liliang,Wu Caixi,Pan Lijun,Ma Huishu.Stratigraphic sequence and horizon relationship of Permian Wuerhe Formation in northwestern margin of Junggar Basin[J].Xinjiang Petroleum Geology,2012,33(1):43-45.
[16]汪孝敬,李维锋,董宏,朱健,张代燕.砂砾岩岩相成因分类及扇三角洲沉积特征--以准噶尔盆地西北缘克拉玛依油田五八区上乌尔禾组为例[J].新疆石油地质,2017,38(5):537-543.Wang Xiaojing,Li Weifeng,Dong Hong,Zhu Jian,Zhang Daiyan.Genetic classification of sandy conglomerate facies and sedimentary characteristics of fan delta:a case study from Upper Wuerhe Formation in district Wuba in northwestern margin of Junggar Basin[J].Xinjiang Petroleum Geology,2017,38(5):537-543.
[17]王延杰,施小荣,邱子刚,戴雄军.准噶尔盆地五区上乌尔禾组扇三角洲沉积特征[J].石油天然气学报,2009,31(5):229-231.Wang Yanjie,Shi Xiaorong,Qiu Zigang,Dai Xiongjun.Sedimentation characteristics of the fan delta Shangwuerhe Formation in 5th districts of Junggar Basin[J].Journal of Oil and Gas Technology,2009,31(5):229-231.
[18]匡立春,吕焕通,齐雪峰,唐勇,张鑫.准噶尔盆地岩性油气藏勘探成果与方向[J].石油勘探与开发,2005,32(6):32-37.Kuang Lichun,Lv Huantong,Qi Xuefeng,Tang Yong,Zhang Xin.Exploration and targets for lithologic reservoirs in Junggar Basin,NW China[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2005,32(6):32-37.
[19]靳军,付欢,于景维,祁利祺,尚玲,文华国,等.准噶尔盆地白家海凸起下侏罗统三工河组沉积演化及油气勘探意义[J].中国石油勘探,2018,23(1):81-90.Jin Jun,Fu Huan,Yu Jingwei,Qi Liqi,Shang Ling,Wen Huaguo,et al.Sedimentary evolution of the Lower Jurassic Sangonghe Formation in Baijiahai uplift,Junggar Basin and its significance in oil and gas exploration[J].China Petroleum Exploration,2018,23(1):81-90.
[20]郑超,李静,高达,陈军,张童.沙湾凹陷百口泉组层序地层及沉积体系研究[J].特种油气藏,2017,24(6):48-54.Zheng Chao,Li Jing,Gao Da,Chen Jun,Zhang Tong.Study on sequence stratigraphy and deposit systems of the Baikouquan Formation in Shawan sag[J].Special Oil&Gas Reservoirs,2017,24(6):48-54.
[2]卞从胜,王红军,汪泽成,李永新,朱如凯.四川盆地川中地区须家河组天然气大面积成藏的主控因素[J].石油与天然气地质,2009,30(5):548-555.Bian Congsheng,Wang Hongjun,Wang Zecheng,Li Yongxin,Zhu Rukai.Controlling factors for massive accumulation of natural gas in the Xujiahe Formation in central Sichuan Basin[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2009,30(5):548-555.
[3]刘宗堡,宗寿魁,姜崇,付晓飞,吕延防.凹陷向斜区油气滞留成因机制及成藏模式--以松辽盆地古龙向斜葡萄花油层为例[J].中国矿业大学学报,2015,44(1):76-85.Liu Zongbao,Zong Shoukui,Jiang Chong,Fu Xiaofei,Lv Yanfang.Hydrocarbon retention mechanism and accumulation model of syncline area in depression:as Putaohua reservoir in Gulong syncline,Songliao Basin[J].Journal of China University Mining&Technology,2015,44(1):76-85.
[4]孙雨,邓明,马世忠,陈玉明,于利民.松辽盆地大安地区扶余油层致密砂岩油分布特征及控制因素[J].石油勘探与开发,2015,42(5):589-597.Sun Yu,Deng Ming,Ma Shizhong,Chen Yumin,Yu Limin.Distribution and controlling factors of tight sandstone oil in Fuyu oil layers of Da’an area,Songliao Basin,NE China[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2015,42(5):589-597.
[5]杨伟伟,柳广第,刘显扬,冯渊,独育国.鄂尔多斯盆地陇东地区延长组低渗透砂岩油藏成藏机理与成藏模式[J].地学前缘,2013,20(2):132-139.Yang Weiwei,Liu Guangdi,Liu Xianyang,Feng Yuan,Du Yuguo.The accumulation mechanism and accumulation models of oil in low permeability reservoir of Yanchang Formation in Longdong area,Ordos Basin[J].Earth Science Frontiers,2013,20(2):132-139.
[6]孟德伟,贾爱林,冀光,何东博.大型致密砂岩气田气水分布规律及控制因素[J].石油勘探与开发,2016,43(4):607-613.Meng Dewei,Jia Ailin,Ji Guang,He Dongbo.Water and gas distribution and its controlling factors of large scale tight sand gas:a case study of western Sulige gas field,Ordos Basin,NW China[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2016,43(4):607-613.
[7]付金华,魏新善,任军峰.伊陕斜坡上古生界大面积岩性气藏分布与成因[J].石油勘探与开发,2008,35(6):664-667.Fu Jinhua,Wei Xinshan,Ren Junfeng.Distribution and genesis of large-scale Upper Palaeozoic lithologic gas reservoirs on Yi-Shan slope[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2008,35(6):664-667.
[8]匡立春,唐勇,雷德文,吴涛,瞿建华.准噶尔盆地玛湖凹陷斜坡区三叠系百口泉组扇控大面积岩性油藏勘探实践[J].中国石油勘探,2014,19(6):14-23.Kuang Lichun,Tang Yong,Lei Dewen,Wu Tao,Qu Jianhua.Exploration of fan-controlled large-area lithologic oil reservoirs of Triassic Baikouquan Formation in slope zone of Mahu depression in Junggar Basin[J].China Petroleum Exploration,2014,19(6):14-23.
[9]支东明.玛湖凹陷百口泉组准连续型高效油藏的发现与成藏机制[J].新疆石油地质,2016,37(4):343-382.Zhi Dongming.Discovery and hydrocarbon accumulation mechanism of quasi-continuous high-efficiency reservoirs of Baikouquan Formation in Mahu sag,Junggar Basin[J].Xinjiang Petroleum Geology,2016,37(4):343-382.
[10]唐勇,徐洋,瞿建华,孟祥超,邹志文.玛湖凹陷百口泉组扇三角洲群特征及分布[J].新疆石油地质,2014,35(6):628-635.Tang Yong,Xu Yang,Qu Jianhua,Meng Xiangchao,Zou Zhiwen.Fan-delta group characteristics and its distribution of the Triassic Baikouquan reservoirs in Mahu sag of Junggar Basin[J].Xinjiang Petroleum Geology,2014,35(6):628-635.
[11]雷德文,瞿建华,安志渊,尤新才,吴涛.玛湖凹陷百口泉组低渗砂砾岩油气藏成藏条件及富集规律[J].新疆石油地质,2015,36(6):642-647.Lei Dewen,Qu Jianhua,An Zhiyuan,You Xincai,Wu Tao.Hydrocarbon accumulation conditions and enrichment regularity of low-permeability glutenite reservoirs of Baikouquan Formation in Mahu sag,Junggar Basin[J].Xinjiang Petroleum Geology,2015,36(6):642-647.
[12]阿布力米提·依明,唐勇,曹剑,陈刚强,陈静.准噶尔盆地玛湖凹陷下三叠统百口泉组源外“连续型”油藏成藏机理与富集规律[J].天然气地球科学,2016,27(2):241-250.Ablimit·Imin,Tang Yong,Cao Jian,Chen Gangqiang,Chen Jing.Accumulation mechanism and enrichment rules of the continuous hydrocarbon plays in the Lower Triassic Baikouquan Formation of the Mahu sag,Junggar Basin[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2016,27(2):241-250.
[13]侯启军,何海清,李建忠,杨涛.中国石油天然气股份有限公司近期油气勘探进展及前景展望[J].中国石油勘探,2018,23(1):1-13.Hou Qijun,He Haiqing,Li Jianzhong,Yang Tao.Recent progress and prospect of oil and gas exploration by PetroChina Company Limited[J].China Petroleum Exploration,2018,23(1):1-13.
[14]杜洪凌,许江文,李峋,陆军,章敬,彭永灿,等.新疆油田致密砂砾岩油藏效益开发的发展与深化--地质工程一体化在玛湖地区的实践与思考[J].中国石油勘探,2018,23(2):15-26.Du Hongling,Xu Jiangwen,Li Xun,Lu Jun,Zhang Jing,Peng Yongcan,et al.Development and deepening of profitable development of tight glutenite oil reservoirs in Xinjiang oilfield:application of geology-engineering integration in Mahu area and its enlightenment[J].China Petroleum Exploration,2018,23(2):15-26.
[15]郝景宇,黄立良,吴采西,潘立君,马辉树.准噶尔盆地西北缘乌尔禾组时代归属及层位关系[J].新疆石油地质,2012,33(1):43-45.Hao Jingyu,Huang Liliang,Wu Caixi,Pan Lijun,Ma Huishu.Stratigraphic sequence and horizon relationship of Permian Wuerhe Formation in northwestern margin of Junggar Basin[J].Xinjiang Petroleum Geology,2012,33(1):43-45.
[16]汪孝敬,李维锋,董宏,朱健,张代燕.砂砾岩岩相成因分类及扇三角洲沉积特征--以准噶尔盆地西北缘克拉玛依油田五八区上乌尔禾组为例[J].新疆石油地质,2017,38(5):537-543.Wang Xiaojing,Li Weifeng,Dong Hong,Zhu Jian,Zhang Daiyan.Genetic classification of sandy conglomerate facies and sedimentary characteristics of fan delta:a case study from Upper Wuerhe Formation in district Wuba in northwestern margin of Junggar Basin[J].Xinjiang Petroleum Geology,2017,38(5):537-543.
[17]王延杰,施小荣,邱子刚,戴雄军.准噶尔盆地五区上乌尔禾组扇三角洲沉积特征[J].石油天然气学报,2009,31(5):229-231.Wang Yanjie,Shi Xiaorong,Qiu Zigang,Dai Xiongjun.Sedimentation characteristics of the fan delta Shangwuerhe Formation in 5th districts of Junggar Basin[J].Journal of Oil and Gas Technology,2009,31(5):229-231.
[18]匡立春,吕焕通,齐雪峰,唐勇,张鑫.准噶尔盆地岩性油气藏勘探成果与方向[J].石油勘探与开发,2005,32(6):32-37.Kuang Lichun,Lv Huantong,Qi Xuefeng,Tang Yong,Zhang Xin.Exploration and targets for lithologic reservoirs in Junggar Basin,NW China[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2005,32(6):32-37.
[19]靳军,付欢,于景维,祁利祺,尚玲,文华国,等.准噶尔盆地白家海凸起下侏罗统三工河组沉积演化及油气勘探意义[J].中国石油勘探,2018,23(1):81-90.Jin Jun,Fu Huan,Yu Jingwei,Qi Liqi,Shang Ling,Wen Huaguo,et al.Sedimentary evolution of the Lower Jurassic Sangonghe Formation in Baijiahai uplift,Junggar Basin and its significance in oil and gas exploration[J].China Petroleum Exploration,2018,23(1):81-90.
[20]郑超,李静,高达,陈军,张童.沙湾凹陷百口泉组层序地层及沉积体系研究[J].特种油气藏,2017,24(6):48-54.Zheng Chao,Li Jing,Gao Da,Chen Jun,Zhang Tong.Study on sequence stratigraphy and deposit systems of the Baikouquan Formation in Shawan sag[J].Special Oil&Gas Reservoirs,2017,24(6):48-54.
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