微型桩加固土质边坡的动土压力响应及其频谱特性研究
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摘要
通过大型振动台试验,对滑面附近位置处的动土压力峰值分布规律进行了分析。由于地震信号具有持时短、非平稳性等特点,为分析其在不同频带的动力响应情况,利用小波包分析频带划分均匀能力和时频局部化性质,对水平向加载的El波进行了分解,从而对其频谱特性进行了研究。试验结果表明:滑面附近位置处动土压力常常最大,且动土压力在沿桩身高度25 cm及45 cm处均出现了突变,在实际工程中应重点关注这两个位置;对微型桩动土压力影响较大的频段主要为第一频带(0.1～6.26Hz)和第二频带(6.26～12.51Hz),在工程应用中应避免这两个频带的地震波与微型桩发生共振;沿桩身高度25 cm处,后排微型桩山侧及河侧的动土压力值均要大于前排微型桩山侧及河侧的动土压力值;而在沿桩身高度45 cm处,前排微型桩山侧及河侧的动土压力值均要大于后排微型桩山侧及河侧的动土压力值。
Through the large-scale shaking table test,the distribution of peak pressure near the sliding surface was analyzed.The seismic signal has the characteristics of short duration and non-stationarity.Based on the characteristics,the horizontal-loaded El waves were decomposed to analyze the dynamic response in different frequency bands by using wavelet packet analysis,which has the properties of uniform frequency band division and time-frequency localization.The test results show that the dynamic soil pressure is usually highest at the position near the sliding surface.Moreover,the dynamic soil pressure is abrupt at the heights of 25 cm and 45 cm along the pile body,respectively,which should be paid attention to in practical engineering.The frequency bands those greatly affect the dynamic pressure of micro-piles are the first frequency band(0.1-6.26 Hz)and the second frequency band(6.26-12.51 Hz).In the engineering application,the resonance between the seismic waves in these two frequency bands and the micro-piles should be avoided.At 25 cm of pile height,the dynamic soil pressure values on the hill and river sides of micro-piles at the rear row are higher than those of micro-piles in the front row,while at 45 cm of pile height,the dynamic soil pressure values on the hill and river sides of micro-piles in the front row are higher than those of micro-piles at the rear row.
Through the large-scale shaking table test,the distribution of peak pressure near the sliding surface was analyzed.The seismic signal has the characteristics of short duration and non-stationarity.Based on the characteristics,the horizontal-loaded El waves were decomposed to analyze the dynamic response in different frequency bands by using wavelet packet analysis,which has the properties of uniform frequency band division and time-frequency localization.The test results show that the dynamic soil pressure is usually highest at the position near the sliding surface.Moreover,the dynamic soil pressure is abrupt at the heights of 25 cm and 45 cm along the pile body,respectively,which should be paid attention to in practical engineering.The frequency bands those greatly affect the dynamic pressure of micro-piles are the first frequency band(0.1-6.26 Hz)and the second frequency band(6.26-12.51 Hz).In the engineering application,the resonance between the seismic waves in these two frequency bands and the micro-piles should be avoided.At 25 cm of pile height,the dynamic soil pressure values on the hill and river sides of micro-piles at the rear row are higher than those of micro-piles in the front row,while at 45 cm of pile height,the dynamic soil pressure values on the hill and river sides of micro-piles in the front row are higher than those of micro-piles at the rear row.
引文
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[18]黄文华,徐全军,沈蔚,等.小波变换在判断爆破地震危害中的应用[J].工程爆破, 2001, 7(1):24-27.HUANG Wen-hua, XU Quan-jun, SHEN Wei, et al.Application of wavelet transform in evaluation of blasting vibration damage[J]. Engineering Blasting, 2001, 7(1):24-27.
[19]侯静.基于小波包分析的激光超声缺陷信号处理方法研究[D].太原:中北大学, 2017.HOU Jing. Study on laser ultrasonic defect signal processing method based on wavelet packet analysis[D].Taiyuan:Zhongbei University, 2017.
[20]张耀平,曹平,高赛红,等.爆破振动信号的小波包分解及各频段的能量分布特征[J].金属矿山, 2007,37(11):42-47.ZHANG Yao-ping, CAO Ping, GAO Sai-hong, et al.Wavelet packet decomposition of blasting vibration signals and energy distribution characteristics of frequency band[J]. Metal Mine, 2007, 37(11):42-47.
[21]牛文庆.微型桩支挡结构地震动力特性试验研究[D].北京:中国铁道科学研究院, 2016.NIU Wen-qing. Research on earthquake dynamic experiment of micropiles supporting structure[D]. Beijing:China academy of railway sciences, 2016.
[22]吴道勇.玉树地震作用下松散堆积层缓斜坡变形机制研究[D].兰州:兰州交通大学, 2013.WU Dao-yong. Deformation mechanism of loose deposits gentle slope due to the Yushu earthquake[D]. Lanzhou:Lanzhou Jiao-tong University, 2013.
[2]吕凡任,陈仁朋,陈云敏,等.软土地基上微型桩抗压和抗拔特性试验研究[J].土木工程学报, 2005, 38(3):99-105.LüFan-ren, CHEN Ren-peng, CHEN Yun-min, et al.Field tests on compression and uplift behavior of micropiles in soft ground[J]. China Civil Engineering Journal, 2005, 38(3):99-105.
[3]肖世国,鲜飞,王唤龙.一种微型桩组合抗滑结构内力分析方法[J].岩土力学, 2010, 31(8):2553-2559.XIAO Shi-guo, XIAN Fei, WANG Huan-long. Analytical method of internal forces of a combining micropiles structure[J]. Rock and Soil Mechanics, 2010, 31(8):2553-2559.
[4]王树丰,殷跃平,门玉明.黄土滑坡微型桩抗滑作用现场试验与数值模拟[J].水文地质工程地质, 2010, 37(6):22-26.WANG Shu-feng, YIN Yue-ping, MEN Yu-ming. In-situ test and numerical analysis of skid resistance for micropile to loess landslide[J]. Hydrogeology&Engineering Geology, 2010, 37(6):22-26.
[5]闫金凯,殷跃平,门玉明,等.滑坡微型桩群桩加固工程模型试验研究[J].土木工程学报, 2011(4):120-128.YAN Jin-kai, YIN Yue-ping, MEN Yu-ming, et al. Model test study of landslide reinforcement with micropile groups[J]. China Civil Engineering Journal, 2011(4):120-128.
[6]冯君,周德培,江南,等.微型桩体系加固顺层岩质边坡的内力计算模式[J].岩石力学与工程学报, 2006,25(2):284-288.FENG Jun, ZHOU De-pei, JIANG Nan, et al. A model for calculation of internal force of micropile System to reinforce bedding rock slope[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering, 2006, 25(2):284-288.
[7]周德培,王唤龙,孙宏伟.微型桩组合抗滑结构及其设计理论[J].岩石力学与工程学报, 2009, 28(7):1353-1362.ZHOU De-pei, WANG Huan-long, SUN Hong-wei.Micro-pile composite structure and its design theory[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2009, 28(7):1353-1362.
[8] HOLLOWAY D M, MORIWAKI Y, STEVENS J B, et al.Response of a pile group to combined axial and lateral loading[C]//Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering. Stockholm:[s.n.], 1981(2):731-734.
[9] DAN A B, MORRISON C, REESE L C. Lateral load behavior of pile group in sand[J]. Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, 1988, 114(11):1261-1276.
[10]杨静.微型桩加固边坡的动力响应特征及抗震计算方法研究[D].成都:西南交通大学, 2012.YANG Jing. Study on dynamic response characteristics of reinforced slope with micropiles and the aseismic analysis method[D]. Chengdu:Southwest Jiaotong University,2012.
[11]李楠,门玉明,高讴,等.微型桩群桩支护滑坡的地震动力响应研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报, 2018, 37(9):2144-2151.LI Nan, MEN Yu-ming, GAO Ou, et al. Seismic behavior of the landslide supported by micropiles[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering, 2018,37(9):2144-2151.
[12]郑静,牛文庆,吴红刚,等.微型桩大型振动台试验-坡体及桩动力特性研究[J].铁道工程学报, 2017(9):22-28.ZHENG Jing, NIU Wen-qing, WU Hong-gang, et al.Research on the characteristics of large-scale shaking table experiment slope and dynamy of micropiles[J].Journal of Railway Engineering Society, 2017(9):22-28.
[13]崔臻,盛谦,刘加进,等.基于小波包的地下洞室群地震响应及其频谱特性研究[J].岩土力学, 2010, 31(12):3901-3906.CUI Zhen, SHENG Qian, LIU Jia-jin, et al. Spectrum characteristics of seismic response for underground caverns via wavelet packet[J]. Rock and Soil Mechanics,2010, 31(12):3901-3906.
[14]刘明才.小波分析及其应用[M].北京:清华大学出版社, 2013.LIU Ming-cai. Wavelet analysis and its application[M].Beijing:Tsinghua University Press, 2013.
[15]艾挥,吴红刚,冯文强,等.冠梁约束型抗滑桩与普通抗滑桩的抗震性能对比试验研究[J].防灾减灾工程学报, 2017, 37(2):194-200.AI Hui, WU Hong-gang, FENG Wen-qiang, et al.Research on seismic capacity correlative experiment of top beam binding anti-slide pile and common anti-slide pile[J]. Journal of Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Engineering, 2017, 37(2):194-200.
[16]张德丰. MATLAB小波分析[M].北京:机械工业出版社, 2012.ZHANG De-feng. MATLAB wavelet analysis[M].Beijing:China Machine Press, 2012.
[17]韩晶晶.基于小波包变换的地震动非平稳特性研究[D].沈阳:沈阳工业大学, 2016.HAN Jing-jing. Seismicity non-stationary characteristics study based on wavelet packet transform[D]. Shenyang:Shenyang University of Technology, 2016.
[18]黄文华,徐全军,沈蔚,等.小波变换在判断爆破地震危害中的应用[J].工程爆破, 2001, 7(1):24-27.HUANG Wen-hua, XU Quan-jun, SHEN Wei, et al.Application of wavelet transform in evaluation of blasting vibration damage[J]. Engineering Blasting, 2001, 7(1):24-27.
[19]侯静.基于小波包分析的激光超声缺陷信号处理方法研究[D].太原:中北大学, 2017.HOU Jing. Study on laser ultrasonic defect signal processing method based on wavelet packet analysis[D].Taiyuan:Zhongbei University, 2017.
[20]张耀平,曹平,高赛红,等.爆破振动信号的小波包分解及各频段的能量分布特征[J].金属矿山, 2007,37(11):42-47.ZHANG Yao-ping, CAO Ping, GAO Sai-hong, et al.Wavelet packet decomposition of blasting vibration signals and energy distribution characteristics of frequency band[J]. Metal Mine, 2007, 37(11):42-47.
[21]牛文庆.微型桩支挡结构地震动力特性试验研究[D].北京:中国铁道科学研究院, 2016.NIU Wen-qing. Research on earthquake dynamic experiment of micropiles supporting structure[D]. Beijing:China academy of railway sciences, 2016.
[22]吴道勇.玉树地震作用下松散堆积层缓斜坡变形机制研究[D].兰州:兰州交通大学, 2013.WU Dao-yong. Deformation mechanism of loose deposits gentle slope due to the Yushu earthquake[D]. Lanzhou:Lanzhou Jiao-tong University, 2013.
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