超大采高工作面顶板电阻率监测可行性试验
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摘要
顶板覆岩破坏是造成回采工作面突水的主要原因之一,利用矿井电法进行顶板电阻率监测可以对覆岩破坏情况进行动态探查,但是超大采高工作面顶板电阻率监测面临着常规方法音频信号难以穿透、顶板监测电极埋设施工困难以及回风巷顶板监测电极难以保护等问题。为了解决上述问题,利用音频电透仪和回采工作面电阻率监测系统开展了超大采高工作面顶板电阻率监测可行性试验研究。结果显示:单极–偶极装置音频信号透视穿透距离可达340 m;锚杆可以作为监测电极进行电流发射和信号采集;可以将回风巷监测电极布置于巷道底板加以保护。在某矿超大采高工作面部署了回采工作面电阻率监测系统,信号测试结果与可行性试验的结论一致。
The failure of roof overburden is one of the main reasons for water inrush in mining working face. Roof resistivity monitoring by mine electrical method can be used to detect overburden failure dynamically. However,roof resistivity monitoring for super-high mining face has many problems, such as audio electromagnetic signal by conventional methods is difficult to penetrate through wide working face, burying of roof monitoring electrodes is difficult, monitoring electrode in the roof of air return lane is hard to protect, and so on. In order to solving these problems, feasibility study of roof resistivity monitoring for super-high mining face is carried out by audio electromagnetic perspective instrument and working face resistivity monitoring system. Experiment result shows: perspective distance of audio electromagnetic signal by pole-dipole arrays can be 340 m; anchor bolt can be used as monitoring electrode for current transmission and signal acquisition; monitoring electrodes of the return air way can be arranged on the way floor for protection. On the basis of above research, a resistivity monitoring system for mining working face is arranged for a super high mining face. The signal test results are consistent with the feasibility test results.
The failure of roof overburden is one of the main reasons for water inrush in mining working face. Roof resistivity monitoring by mine electrical method can be used to detect overburden failure dynamically. However,roof resistivity monitoring for super-high mining face has many problems, such as audio electromagnetic signal by conventional methods is difficult to penetrate through wide working face, burying of roof monitoring electrodes is difficult, monitoring electrode in the roof of air return lane is hard to protect, and so on. In order to solving these problems, feasibility study of roof resistivity monitoring for super-high mining face is carried out by audio electromagnetic perspective instrument and working face resistivity monitoring system. Experiment result shows: perspective distance of audio electromagnetic signal by pole-dipole arrays can be 340 m; anchor bolt can be used as monitoring electrode for current transmission and signal acquisition; monitoring electrodes of the return air way can be arranged on the way floor for protection. On the basis of above research, a resistivity monitoring system for mining working face is arranged for a super high mining face. The signal test results are consistent with the feasibility test results.
引文
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[18]孙长礼,王经明.地电场监测在预防祁东煤矿7130工作面顶板突水中的应用[J].华北科技学院学报,2016,13(1):39-44.SUN Changli,WANG Jingming.Application of ground electric field monitoring in prevention of roof water inrush in 7130working face of Qidong coal mine[J].Journal of North China University of Science and Technology,2016,13(1):39-44.
[19]张平松,孙斌杨.煤层回采工作面底板破坏探查技术的发展现状[J].地球科学进展,2017,32(6):577-588.ZHANG Pingsong,SUN Binyang.Development status of the detection technology for coal-seam stope floor damage[J].Advances in Earth Science,2017,32(6):577-588.
[20]张平松,胡雄武,吴荣新.岩层变形与破坏电法测试系统研究[J].岩土力学,2012,33(3):952-956.ZHANG Pingsong,HU Xiongwu,WU Rongxin.Study of detection system of distortion and collapsing of top rock by resistivity method in working face[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2012,33(3):952-956.
[2]岳建华,刘树才.矿井直流电法勘探[M].徐州:中国矿业大学出版社,1999.
[3]王莹,梁德贤,翟培合.采动影响下煤层覆岩电性变化规律研究[J].煤炭科学技术,2015,43(5):122-125.WANG Ying,LIANG Dexian,ZHAI Peihe.Study on electrical property variation law of overburden strata above seam under mining influences[J].Coal Science and Technology,2015,43(5):122-125.
[4]BRACE W F,ORANGE A S.Electrical resistivity changes in saturated rocks during fracture and frictional sliding[J].Journal of Geophysical Research,1968,73(4):1433-1445.
[5]MAZZELLA A.Electrical resistivity variations associated with earthquake on the San Andreas faull[J].Science,1974,185(41):1109-1118.
[6]李秉生,金焕东,张世同.“形变电阻率法”的初步探讨[C]//全国首届工程地质学术会议论文选集.1979.
[7]STOPINSKL W.Precursory rock resistivity variations related to mining tremors[J].Acta Geophysics Petroleum,1982,30(4):367-379.
[8]程久龙.形变-电阻率法探测煤层顶板裂高的电算模拟解释[J].中国煤田地质,1989,1(2):68-71.CHENG Jiulong.The numerical simulation interpretation of the deformation resistivity method for detecting the crack height of coal seam roof[J].Coal Geology of China,1989,1(2):68-71.
[9]侯克昌.形变-电阻率法探测煤层底板水导高[J].煤田地质与勘探,1991,19(6):46-49.HOU Kechang.The application of deformation-resistivity method to uplift height of the bottom water about the coal seam[J].Coal Geology&Exploration,1991,19(6):46-49.
[10]刘盛东,吴荣新,胡水根,等.网络分布式并行电法勘探系统[C]//中国地球物理年会论文集.2006:251.
[11]李建楼,刘盛东,张平松,等.并行网络电法在煤层覆岩破坏监测中的应用[J].煤田地质与勘探,2008,36(2):61-64.LI Jianlou,LIU Shengdong,ZHANG Pingsong,et al.Failure dynamic observation of upper covered stratum under mine suing parallel network electricity method[J].Coal Geology&Exploration,2008,36(2):61-64.
[12]王勃,刘盛东,张朋.采用网络并行电法仪进行煤矿底板动态监测[J].中国煤炭地质,2009,21(3):53-57.WANG Bo,LIU Shengdong,ZHANG Peng.Application of network parallel electrical instrument on dynamic coal floor monitoring[J].Coal Geology of China,2009,21(3):53-57.
[13]吴荣新,张卫,张平松.并行电法监测工作面“垮落带”岩层动态变化[J].煤炭学报,2012,37(4):571-577.WU Rongxin,ZHANG Wei,ZHANG Pingsong.Exploration of parallel electrical technology for the dynamic variation of caving zone strata in coal face[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2012,37(4):571-577.
[14]孙希奎,许进鹏,杨圣伦,等.电阻率法动态监测煤层底板破坏变形规律研究[J].煤炭科学技术,2013,41(1):113-115.SUN Xikui,XU Jinpeng,YANG Shenglun,et al.Study on electric resistivity method applied to dynamically monitor and measure failure deformation law of seam floor[J].Coal Science and Technology,2013,41(1):113-115.
[15]吴涛,张周鑫,张平松,等.采煤面顶板覆岩破坏模拟试验研究[J].工程地球物理学报,2014,11(2):166-172.WU Tao,ZHANG Zhouxin,ZHANG Pingsong,et al.Simulation test on overburden failure in the roof of mining workface[J].Journal of Engineering Geophysics,2014,11(2):166-172.
[16]LI S,LIU B,NIE L,et al.Detecting and monitoring of water inrush in tunnels and coal mines using direct current resistivity method:A review[J].Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering,2015,7(4):469-478.
[17]高召宁,郑志伟,应治中.电法测试技术在覆岩破坏监测中应用[J].中国煤炭,2015,41(3):36-39.GAO Zhaoning,ZHENG Zhiwei,YING Zhizhong.Application of testing technology of electrical method on monitoring overburden failure[J].China Coal,2015,41(3):36-39.
[18]孙长礼,王经明.地电场监测在预防祁东煤矿7130工作面顶板突水中的应用[J].华北科技学院学报,2016,13(1):39-44.SUN Changli,WANG Jingming.Application of ground electric field monitoring in prevention of roof water inrush in 7130working face of Qidong coal mine[J].Journal of North China University of Science and Technology,2016,13(1):39-44.
[19]张平松,孙斌杨.煤层回采工作面底板破坏探查技术的发展现状[J].地球科学进展,2017,32(6):577-588.ZHANG Pingsong,SUN Binyang.Development status of the detection technology for coal-seam stope floor damage[J].Advances in Earth Science,2017,32(6):577-588.
[20]张平松,胡雄武,吴荣新.岩层变形与破坏电法测试系统研究[J].岩土力学,2012,33(3):952-956.ZHANG Pingsong,HU Xiongwu,WU Rongxin.Study of detection system of distortion and collapsing of top rock by resistivity method in working face[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2012,33(3):952-956.
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