锰离子在多孔介质-凝胶体系中扩散及伤害凝胶的可视化实验和数值模拟
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摘要
基于核磁共振成像技术和Mn~(2+)的信号抑制特性,探索矿物离子对凝胶结构损害的可视化新方法。通过氯化锰溶液静态扩散实验和驱替凝胶实验,研究了Mn~(2+)在多孔介质-凝胶体系中的扩散和分布特征,测得凝胶的核磁图像和驱替压力。实验结果显示,Mn~(2+)在多孔介质-凝胶体系中的静态扩散符合Fick扩散定律,其扩散速度随Mn~(2+)浓度上升而加快,凝胶图像面积随之缩小;浓度较高的氯化锰溶液驱替凝胶过程中凝胶的图像减小更快,水驱压力降幅更大。考虑Mn~(2+)与凝胶的化学吸附反应,建立了Mn~(2+)的扩散反应数学模型,分析Mn~(2+)浓度分布特征,数值模拟结果与核磁共振成像实验结果吻合,计算得到Mn~(2+)的扩散系数约为1.6 mm~2/h,显著影响凝胶核磁成像信号的浓度不低于2.5 g/L。研究表明,岩心中Mn~(2+)向凝胶中扩散,抑制了凝胶的成像信号并损伤其强度,且浓度越高影响越大;增加凝胶的反应吸附量、采用离子吸附隔离剂、提高反应速度、减少扩散时间均可以降低Mn~(2+)对凝胶的影响。
A new visualization method for studying the damage to gel structure caused by high salinity ions is explored by using the characteristics of suppression image signal of Mn~(2+)and nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR)imaging technique.The diffusion and distribution characteristics of Mn~(2+)in porous media-gel system were studied based on manganese chloride static diffusion and gel flooding experiments,and the gel’s nuclear magnetic image and displacement pressure were tested.The results show that the diffusion of Mn~(2+)conforms to the Fick diffusion law in porous media-gel system,and the diffusion speed of Mn~(2+)increases and the area of gel image decreases gradually with the increase of concentration,and the image of gel decreases faster and the pressure drop of water drive is larger in flooding experiment of manganese chloride with higher concentration.Reaction-diffusion model with the reaction of Mn~(2+)with gel was established to study the concentration distribution characteristics of Mn~(2+).The model is validated by comparing the results with magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)experiments and the diffusion coefficient of Mn~(2+)equals 1.6 mm~2/h,and the minimum concentration of Mn~(2+)to impact gel NMR image signals is 2.5 g/L.The above results show that the diffusion of Mn~(2+)into the gel in the rock core inhibits the imaging signal of the gel and damages its strength,and the greater the concentration is,the greater the influence.Increase of adsorption amount of gel and reaction rate,reduction of diffusion time,and addition of ion adsorption isolator all can reduce the impact of Mn~(2+)on the gel.
A new visualization method for studying the damage to gel structure caused by high salinity ions is explored by using the characteristics of suppression image signal of Mn~(2+)and nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR)imaging technique.The diffusion and distribution characteristics of Mn~(2+)in porous media-gel system were studied based on manganese chloride static diffusion and gel flooding experiments,and the gel’s nuclear magnetic image and displacement pressure were tested.The results show that the diffusion of Mn~(2+)conforms to the Fick diffusion law in porous media-gel system,and the diffusion speed of Mn~(2+)increases and the area of gel image decreases gradually with the increase of concentration,and the image of gel decreases faster and the pressure drop of water drive is larger in flooding experiment of manganese chloride with higher concentration.Reaction-diffusion model with the reaction of Mn~(2+)with gel was established to study the concentration distribution characteristics of Mn~(2+).The model is validated by comparing the results with magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)experiments and the diffusion coefficient of Mn~(2+)equals 1.6 mm~2/h,and the minimum concentration of Mn~(2+)to impact gel NMR image signals is 2.5 g/L.The above results show that the diffusion of Mn~(2+)into the gel in the rock core inhibits the imaging signal of the gel and damages its strength,and the greater the concentration is,the greater the influence.Increase of adsorption amount of gel and reaction rate,reduction of diffusion time,and addition of ion adsorption isolator all can reduce the impact of Mn~(2+)on the gel.
引文
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[2]罗文利,马德胜,罗云,等.高温高盐油藏可动凝胶-渗吸调驱配方体系研究与应用[J].中国科学:技术科学,2017,47(1):103-110.LUO Wenli,MA Desheng,LUO Yun,et al.Study and application of displacement formula system movable gel-imbibition for high-temperature and high-salt reservoirs[J].SCIENTIA SINICATechnologica,2017,47(1):103-110.
[3]刘进祥,卢祥国,李国桥,等.特高矿化度Cr3+交联聚合物溶液渗流特性及其机制[J].中国石油大学学报(自然科学版),2013,37(6):145-152.LIU Jinxiang,LU Xiangguo,LI Guoqiao,et al.Seepage characteristics and mechanism of Cr3+cross-linked polymer solution in ultra-high salinity media[J].Journal of China University of Petroleum(Edition of Natural Science),2013,37(6):145-152.
[4]郭平,袁恒璐,李新华,等.碳酸盐岩缝洞型油藏气驱机制微观可视化模型试验[J].中国石油大学学报(自然科学版),2012,36(1):89-93.GUO Ping,YUAN Henglu,LI Xinhua,et al.Experiments on gas injection mechanisms in carbonate fracture-cavity reservoir using microvisual model[J].Journal of China University of Petroleum(Edition of Natural Science),2012,36(1):89-93.
[5]郑波,侯吉瑞,张蔓,等.应用CT技术研究交联聚合物驱油机理[J].新疆石油地质,2016,37(1):97-101.ZHENG Bo,HOU Jirui,ZHANG Man,et al.Research on oil displacement mechanism of crosslinked polymer using CTtechnique[J].Xinjiang Petroleum Geology,2016,37(1):97-101.
[6]狄勤丰,张景楠,华帅,等.聚合物-弱凝胶调驱核磁共振可视化实验[J].石油勘探与开发,2017,44(2):270-274.DI Qinfeng,ZHANG Jingnan,HUA Shuai,et al.Visualization experiments on polymer-weak gel profile control and displacement by NMR technique[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2017,44(2):270-274.
[7]BALDWIN B A,YAMANASHI W S.Detecting fluid movement and isolation in reservoir core with medical NMR imaging techniques[J].SPE Reservoir Engineering,1989,4(2):207-212.
[8]蒋帆,顾春元,狄勤丰,等.Mn2+对岩心内凝胶成像信号与封堵效果的影响研究[J].钻采工艺,2016,39(4):81-84.JIANG Fan,GU Chunyuan,DI Qinfeng,et al.The effects of Mn2+on gel MRI imaging and profile control[J].Drilling&Production Technology,2016,39(4):81-84.
[9]饶伟,刘静.水凝胶中NaOH的二维扩散性质研究[J].工程热物理学报,2011,32(2):314-316.RAO Wei,LIU Jing.Two-dimensional diffusion of NaOH into hydrogel[J].Journal of Engineering Thermophysics,2011,32(2):314-316.
[10]DAVISON W,ZHANG H,GRIME G W.Performance characteristics of gel probes used for measuring the chemistry of pore waters[J].Environmental Science and Technology,1994,28(9):1623-1632.
[11]翁丽惠,徐坚,梁松苗,等.水凝胶中物质扩散过程研究进展[J].高分子通报,2005(5):102-109.WENG Lihui,XU Jian,LIANG Songmiao,et al.Progress in the research of the molecular diffusion in hydrogels[J].Polymer Bulletin,2005(5):102-109.
[12]GIRMA K B,VOLKER L,STEFFEN B,et al.Coordination chemistry of acrylamide:2.Classical complexes of acrylamide with manganese(Ⅱ),iron(Ⅱ)and nickel(Ⅱ)chlorides:Syntheses and crystal structures[J].Zeitschrift Für Anorganische Chemie,2005,631(13/14):2763-2769.
[13]陈猛猛,高品,黄光速,等.水溶性酚醛交联聚丙烯酰胺凝胶体系耐盐老化性研究[J].石化技术与应用,2009,27(5):424-428.CHEN Mengmeng,GAO Pin,HUANG Guangsu,et al.Study on salt resistance of resol crosslinking partial hydrolytic polyacrylamide gel[J].Petrochemical Technology and Application,2009,27(5):424-428.
[14]LI Y H,GREGORY S.Diffusion of ions in sea water and in deep-sea sediments[J].Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta,1974,38(5):703-714.
[15]郝立根,黎钢,金付强,等.多价金属离子与部分水解聚丙烯酰胺络合行为的研究[J].河北工业大学学报,2004,33(5):48-51.HAO Ligen,LI Gang,JIN Fuqiang,et al.Study on complexation behavior of polyvalent metal ions with partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide[J].Journal of Hebei University of Technology,2004,33(5):48-51.
[16]李克华,王任芳,赵福麟,等.铬离子与聚丙烯酰胺交联反应动力学研究[J].石油学报(石油加工),2001,17(6):50-55.LI Kehua,WANG Renfang,ZHAO Fulin,et al.Study on the reaction kinetics of Cr3+with polyacrylamide[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica(Petroleum Processing Section),2001,17(6):50-55.
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