滇池、抚仙湖、阳宗海长期水位变化(1988—2015年)及驱动因子
|
摘要
水位变化影响湖泊水质、水量和生态系统功能,是研究湖泊演变的重要内容,但目前针对滇中高原湖群水位变化特征还少见系统报道.本文选择滇池、抚仙湖、阳宗海3个滇中高原湖泊作为研究对象,基于1988—2015年实测水位数据和Mann-Kendall趋势检验法评估了3个湖泊水位变化特征;运用RClimDex模型获得了流域极端降水指标,结合其他指标构建了基于极端气象因子的湖泊水位驱动力指标体系;采用主成分—多元回归模型,解析了极端降水、蒸发等气象因子对滇中高原湖泊水位变化的贡献.结果表明:①滇池、抚仙湖、阳宗海水位年际波动不突出.滇池的年平均水位总体略呈上升趋势,年均上升0.025 m.阳宗海和抚仙湖水位无明显变化.②滇中高原湖泊流域的极端降水指数年际变化趋势不明显.滇池的蒸发量呈明显减小趋势,年均减小21.05 mm.抚仙湖蒸发量呈明显增加趋势,平均每年增加5.52 mm.阳宗海蒸发量的变化不明显.③气象指标可解释滇池水位变化的49.7%,滇池水位变化受气候变化和人类活动的综合影响;阳宗海和抚仙湖水位变化主要受气象条件控制,蒸发量、综合降水指标和连续降水指标对阳宗海水位变化的解释率高达93.3%;综合降水指标和干旱状况指标可以解释抚仙湖水位变化的64.5%.极端降水指标对解释高原湖泊水位变化具有重要作用.
As an emerging research topics of limnology,variations in water level play a key role in regulating water quality,volume and ecosystem function of lakes. However,the characteristics of plateau lake group located in central Yunnan of China have not been well studied. Taking Lake Dianchi,Fuxian and Yangzong as the study cases,the trends of water level were analysed based on Mann-Kendall statistic approach,and an index system related to fluctuations of water level were established with extreme precipitation index generated from RClimDex and other metrological index. Coupling multiple linear regression and principal factor model,a model for water level alteration of plateau lakes was built to distinguish main driving factors and their effects. Results showed that no significant trend was observed in the annual water level fluctuation of these lakes from 1988 to 2015. However,water level had a significant increase trend in Lake Dianchi at a rate of 0.025 m per year,while no trends found in the other two lakes. The extreme climate index in the lake basins had no significantly statistic trend of temporal alteration. Reverse trends of evaporations were observed in Lake Dianchi and Fuxian that have been decreasing by 21.05 mm per year and increasing by 5.52 mm per year,respectively. The trend of evaporation in Lake Yangzong was not pronounced. Variation of water level in Lake Dianchi can be explained by climatic indexes which accounted for 49.7% of total variation,indicating that water level change can be ascribed to the combined effects of anthropogenic activities and climatic conditions. By contrast,water level variations of Lake Fuxian and Yangzong were mainly influenced by climatic conditions. For Lake Yangzong,evaporation,amount of precipitation and days of consecutive precipitation accounted for 93.3% of variation of water level. Index of precipitation and dry spell can explain 64.5% of variation of water level in Lake Fuxian. Extreme precipitation indices play an important role in explaining water level change in plateau lakes.
As an emerging research topics of limnology,variations in water level play a key role in regulating water quality,volume and ecosystem function of lakes. However,the characteristics of plateau lake group located in central Yunnan of China have not been well studied. Taking Lake Dianchi,Fuxian and Yangzong as the study cases,the trends of water level were analysed based on Mann-Kendall statistic approach,and an index system related to fluctuations of water level were established with extreme precipitation index generated from RClimDex and other metrological index. Coupling multiple linear regression and principal factor model,a model for water level alteration of plateau lakes was built to distinguish main driving factors and their effects. Results showed that no significant trend was observed in the annual water level fluctuation of these lakes from 1988 to 2015. However,water level had a significant increase trend in Lake Dianchi at a rate of 0.025 m per year,while no trends found in the other two lakes. The extreme climate index in the lake basins had no significantly statistic trend of temporal alteration. Reverse trends of evaporations were observed in Lake Dianchi and Fuxian that have been decreasing by 21.05 mm per year and increasing by 5.52 mm per year,respectively. The trend of evaporation in Lake Yangzong was not pronounced. Variation of water level in Lake Dianchi can be explained by climatic indexes which accounted for 49.7% of total variation,indicating that water level change can be ascribed to the combined effects of anthropogenic activities and climatic conditions. By contrast,water level variations of Lake Fuxian and Yangzong were mainly influenced by climatic conditions. For Lake Yangzong,evaporation,amount of precipitation and days of consecutive precipitation accounted for 93.3% of variation of water level. Index of precipitation and dry spell can explain 64.5% of variation of water level in Lake Fuxian. Extreme precipitation indices play an important role in explaining water level change in plateau lakes.
引文
[1] Jiang T,Zhang YJ,Bao ZF et al. Water level control for quality of lakes:A case study of Cihu Lake. Engineering Journal of Wuhan University,2018,51(7):570-576．[蒋婷，张艳军，鲍正风等．湖泊水质调控的水位研究———以磁湖为例．武汉大学学报:工学版，2018,51(7):570-576.]
[2] Gownaris NJ,Rountos KJ,Kaufman L et al. Water level fluctuations and the ecosystem functioning of lakes. Journal of Great Lakes Research,2018,44(6):1154-1163.
[3] Cheng JX,Xu LG,Wang Q et al. Temporal and spatial variations of water level and its driving forces in Lake Dongting over the last three decades. J Lake Sci,2017,29(4):974-983. DOI:10.18307/2017.0421．[程俊翔，徐力刚，王青等．洞庭湖近30a水位时空演变特征及驱动因素分析．湖泊科学，2017,29(4):974-983.]
[4] Zhang X,Wu YH,Zhang X. Water level variation of inland lakes on the south-central Tibetan Plateau in 1972-2012. Acta Geographica Sinica,2014,69(7):993-1001．[张鑫，吴艳红，张鑫．1972—2012年青藏高原中南部内陆湖泊的水位变化．地理学报，2014,69(7):993-1001.]
[5] Mima CR,Tian LD,Wen R et al. Recent water level change of Yamzhog Yumco Lake,Tibet. Journal of China Hydrology,2013,33(2):64-69．[米玛次仁，田立德，文蓉等．西藏羊卓雍错近期湖水水位变化及其原因分析．水文，2013,33(2):64-69.]
[6] Qin BQ. A preliminary investigation of lake evolution in 20-century in Inland Mainland Asia with relation to the global warming. J Lake Sci,1999,11(1):11-19. DOI:10.18307/1999.0102．[秦伯强．近百年来亚洲中部内陆湖泊演变及其原因分析．湖泊科学，1999,11(1):11-19.]
[7] Li JL,Chen X,Bao AM. Spatial-temporal characteristics of lake level changes in central Asia during 2003-2009. ACTA Geographica Sinica,2011,66(9):1219-1229．[李均力，陈曦，包安明．2003—2009年中亚地区湖泊水位变化的时空特征．地理学报，2011,66(9):1219-1229.]
[8] Li L,Zhu XD,Wang ZY et al. Impacting factors and changing tendency of water level in Qinghai lake in recent 42 years.Journal of Desert Research,2005,25(5):689-696．[李林，朱西德，王振宇等．近42a来青海湖水位变化的影响因子及其趋势预测．中国沙漠，2005,25(5):689-696.]
[9] Xiao K,Griffisa TJ,Bakera JM et al. Evaporation from a temperate closed-basin lake and its impact on present,past,and future water level. Journal of Hydrology,2018,561:59-75.
[10] Yapiyev V,Samarkhanov K,Tulegenova N et al. Estimation of water storage changes in small endorheic lakes in Northern Kazakhstan. Journal of Arid Environments,2019,160:42-55.
[11] Mishra PK,Prasad S,JehANGIR A et al. Investigating the role of meltwater versus precipitation seasonality in abrupt lakelevel rise in the high-altitude Tso Moriri Lake(India). Palaeogeography,Palaeoclimatology,Palaeoecology,2018,493:20-29.
[12] Alifujiang Y,Abuduwaili J,Ma L et al. System dynamics modeling of water level variations of Lake Issyk-Kul,Kyrgyzstan.Water,2017,9:989.
[13] Ma N,Szilagyi J,Niu GY et al. Evaporation variability of Nam Co Lake in the Tibetan Plateau and its role in recent rapid lake expansion. Journal of Hydrology,2016,537:27-35.
[14] Gao HZ,Yao YF. Quantitative effect of human activities on water level change of Bosten Lake in recent 50 years. Scientia Geographica Sinica,2005,25(3):305-309．[高华中，姚亦锋．近50年来人类活动对博斯腾湖水位影响的量化研究．地理科学，2005,25(3):305-309.]
[15] Wang R,Giese E,Gao QZ. The recent change of water level in the Bosten Lake and analysis of its causes. Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology,2003,25(1):60-64．[王润，GIESE E，高前兆．近期博斯腾湖水位变化及其原因分析．冰川冻土，2003,25(1):60-64.]
[16] Mamat A,Halik U,Keram A. Remote sensing based analysis on environment changes of typical lakes in Tian-shan mountains-A case study of Bosten Lake and Issyk-Kul Lake. Journal of ARID Land Resources and Environment,2017,31(8):143-147．[阿依努尔·买买提，玉米提·哈力克，阿依加马力·克然木．天山典型湖泊水位变化影响因素对比分析———以博斯腾湖与伊塞克湖为例．干旱区资源与环境，2017,31(8):143-147.]
[17] Zeng XF,Ye L,Zhai JQ et al. Research on changes of extreme precipitation in the Jialingjiang River basin and its potential impacts on hydrological process. Resources and Environment in the Yangtze Basin,2014,23(s1):159-164．[曾小凡，叶磊，翟建青等．嘉陵江流域极端降水变化及其对水文过程影响的初步研究．长江流域资源与环境，2014,23(s1):159-164.]
[18] Knapp AK,Beier C,Briske DD et al. Consequences of more extreme precipitation regimes for terrestrial ecosystems. Bio Science,2008,58(9):811-821.
[19] Zhang XB,Yang F. RClimDex(1.0)user manual. Canada,2004.
[20] Duan CQ,He F,Liu CE et al. Challenges and solutions of the water environmental issues of plateau lakes in Yunnan of China-from the perspective of ecosystem health. Engineering Sciences,2010,12(6):60-64,70．[段昌群，何峰，刘嫦娥等．基于生态系统健康视角下的云南高原湖泊水环境问题的诊断与解决理念．中国工程科学，2010,12(6):60-64,70.]
[21] Zhao GZ,He B eds. Research on sustainable development conditions and countermeasures in plateau lake basin of Yunnan.Beijing:Science Press,2011．[赵光洲，贺彬．云南高原湖泊流域可持续发展条件与对策研究．北京:科学出版社，2011.]
[22] Gao W,Chen Y,Xu M et al. Trend and driving factors of water quality change in Lake Fuxian(1980-2011). J Lake Sci,2013,25(5):635-642. DOI:10.18307/2013.0503．[高伟，陈岩，徐敏等．抚仙湖水质变化(1980-2011年)趋势与驱动力分析．湖泊科学，2013,25(5):635-642.]
[23] Chen CC,Zhang YQ,Wang LC et al. Research on the change of extreme precipitation in Jiangxi province based on RClimDex model. China Rural Water and Hydropower,2013,(11):41-45．[陈昌春，张余庆，王腊春等．基于RClimDex模型的江西省极端降水时空变化研究．中国农村水利水电，2013,(11):41-45.]
[24] Keggenhoff I,Elizbarashvili M,Amiri-farahani A et al. Trends in daily temperature and precipitation extremes over Georgia,1971-2010. Weather and Climate Extremes,2014,(4):75-85.
[25] Tang CB. Soil erosion in Dianchi Lake basin. Yunnan Environmental Protection,1991,(1):6-9．[汤承彬．滇池流域的水土流失．云南环保，1991,(1):6-9.]
[26] Bai LF. Study on ecological environment change in Dianchi Lake basin and urban development of Kunming during 1949-2009[Dissertation]. Kunming:Yunnan University,2011:92-122．[白龙飞．当代滇池流域生态环境变迁与昆明城市发展研究(1949—2009)[学位论文]．昆明:云南大学，2011:92-122.]
[27] Xiao Q,Yang K,Hong L. Remote sensing monitoring and temporal-spatial analysis of surface water body area changes of lakes on the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau over the past 30 years. J Lake Sci,2018,30(4):1083-1096. DOI:10. 18307/2018.0421．[肖茜，杨昆，洪亮．近30a云贵高原湖泊表面水体面积变化遥感监测与时空分析．湖泊科学，2018,30(4):1083-1096.]
[28] Li HJ,Zhong D,Fan S et al. Remote sensing monitoring of the nine plateau lakes’surface area in Yunnan in recent thirty years. Resources and Environment in the Yangtze Basin,2016,25(Z1):32-37．[李浩杰，种丹，范硕等．近三十年云南九大高原湖泊水面面积遥感变化监测．长江流域资源与环境，2016,25(Z1):32-37.]
[29] Zhu SS,Yao L. Analysis on the variation trend and affecting factors of water level in Dianchi Lake. Journal of Water Resources&Water Engineering,2012,23(2):182-184．[朱珊珊，姚林．滇池水位变化趋势及影响因素初步分析．水资源与水工程学报，2012,23(2):182-184.]
[30] Mao JZ,Sun YL,He KD et al. Study of water environment improvement effect by Niulan River-Dianchi Lake Water Supplement Project in Waihai area of Dianchi Lake. Water Resources Protection,2017,33(2):47-51．[毛建忠，孙燕利，贺克雕等．牛栏江———滇池补水工程对滇池外海的水环境改善效果研究．水资源保护，2017,33(2):47-51.]
[31] Chen JY. Research of impervious surface area change impact on Dianchi lake surface water temperature in recent 30 years[Dissertation]. Kunming:Yunnan Normal University,2017．[陈俊屹．近30年来滇池流域不透水表面演变对滇池表面水温影响研究[学位论文]．昆明:云南师范大学，2017.]
[32] Engel BA,Ahiablame ML,Leroy JD. Modeling the impacts of urbanization on lake water level using L-THIA. Urban Climate,2015,14:578-585.
[33] Mishra PK,Prasad S,Jehangir A et al. Investigating the role of melt water versus precipitation seasonality in abrupt lakelevel rise in the high-altitude Tso Moriri Lake(India). Palaeogeography,Palaeoclimatology,Palaeoecology,2018,493:20-29.
[34] Deng LX,Kong GF,Yang SQ et al. Study on the relationship between water quality and water quantity of Lake Yangzong.Journal of China Hydrology,2008,28(4):43-45,67．[邓丽仙，孔桂芬，杨绍琼等．阳宗海湖泊水质与来水量的关系研究．水文，2008,28(4):43-45,67.]
[35] Wang X,Li S. Volume change of Fuxian Lake in the last 40 years. Journal of Yuxi Normal University,2017,33(8):36-42．[王新，李石．近40年来抚仙湖湖泊面积与体积变化驱动力分析．玉溪师范学院学报，2017,33(8):36-42.]
[36] Ji WJ,Yang XP,Zhang JY. Variation characteristics and trend of evaporation in Dianchi Lake basin. Meteorological Science and Technology,2016,44(4):631-639．[吉文娟，杨晓鹏，张加云．滇池流域蒸发量时空变化特征及趋势分析．气象科技，2016,44(4):631-639.]
[37] Zhao Y,Li C,Wang D et al. Variation trend and cause analysis of evaporation and precipitation in Fuxian Lake watershed.Shandong Agricultural Sciences,2017,49(10):100-105．[赵耀，李超，王栋等．抚仙湖流域蒸发与降水的变化趋势及原因分析．山东农业科学，2017,49(10):100-105.]
[38] Wang G,Wang P,Wang TY et al. The variation of Lake Baikal water level and causal analysis since 1900. Resources Science,2018,40(11):2177-2185．[王冠，王平，王田野等．1900年以来贝加尔湖水位变化及其原因分析．资源科学，2018,40(11):2177-2185.]
[39] Langer TA,Cooper MJ,Reisinger LS et al. Water depth and lake-wide water level fluctuation influence onα-andβ-diversity of coastal wetland fish communities. Journal of Great Lakes Research,2018,44(1):70-76.
[40] Du BX,Xu LG,Zhang J et al. The spatial-temporal characteristics of eutrophication in Poyang Lake and its relationship with the water level. Research of Environmental Sciences,2019,32(5):795-801．[杜冰雪，徐力刚，张杰等．鄱阳湖富营养化时空变化特征及其与水位的关系．环境科学研究，2019,32(5):795-801.]
[41] Chen XK,Liu XB,Peng WQ et al. Hydroclimatic influence on the salinity and water volume of a plateau lake in southwest China. Science of the Total Environment,2018. DOI:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.12.013.
[42] Zhang SX,Wang RX,Shen JX et al. Potential relationship of wintering waterbirds community composition and water-level fluctuation in Lake Erhai. Asian Journal of Ecotoxicology,2018,13(4):143-148．[张淑霞，王荣兴，沈建新等．洱海冬季水鸟群落结构与水位变化的潜在关系．生态毒理学报，2018,13(4):143-148.]
[2] Gownaris NJ,Rountos KJ,Kaufman L et al. Water level fluctuations and the ecosystem functioning of lakes. Journal of Great Lakes Research,2018,44(6):1154-1163.
[3] Cheng JX,Xu LG,Wang Q et al. Temporal and spatial variations of water level and its driving forces in Lake Dongting over the last three decades. J Lake Sci,2017,29(4):974-983. DOI:10.18307/2017.0421．[程俊翔，徐力刚，王青等．洞庭湖近30a水位时空演变特征及驱动因素分析．湖泊科学，2017,29(4):974-983.]
[4] Zhang X,Wu YH,Zhang X. Water level variation of inland lakes on the south-central Tibetan Plateau in 1972-2012. Acta Geographica Sinica,2014,69(7):993-1001．[张鑫，吴艳红，张鑫．1972—2012年青藏高原中南部内陆湖泊的水位变化．地理学报，2014,69(7):993-1001.]
[5] Mima CR,Tian LD,Wen R et al. Recent water level change of Yamzhog Yumco Lake,Tibet. Journal of China Hydrology,2013,33(2):64-69．[米玛次仁，田立德，文蓉等．西藏羊卓雍错近期湖水水位变化及其原因分析．水文，2013,33(2):64-69.]
[6] Qin BQ. A preliminary investigation of lake evolution in 20-century in Inland Mainland Asia with relation to the global warming. J Lake Sci,1999,11(1):11-19. DOI:10.18307/1999.0102．[秦伯强．近百年来亚洲中部内陆湖泊演变及其原因分析．湖泊科学，1999,11(1):11-19.]
[7] Li JL,Chen X,Bao AM. Spatial-temporal characteristics of lake level changes in central Asia during 2003-2009. ACTA Geographica Sinica,2011,66(9):1219-1229．[李均力，陈曦，包安明．2003—2009年中亚地区湖泊水位变化的时空特征．地理学报，2011,66(9):1219-1229.]
[8] Li L,Zhu XD,Wang ZY et al. Impacting factors and changing tendency of water level in Qinghai lake in recent 42 years.Journal of Desert Research,2005,25(5):689-696．[李林，朱西德，王振宇等．近42a来青海湖水位变化的影响因子及其趋势预测．中国沙漠，2005,25(5):689-696.]
[9] Xiao K,Griffisa TJ,Bakera JM et al. Evaporation from a temperate closed-basin lake and its impact on present,past,and future water level. Journal of Hydrology,2018,561:59-75.
[10] Yapiyev V,Samarkhanov K,Tulegenova N et al. Estimation of water storage changes in small endorheic lakes in Northern Kazakhstan. Journal of Arid Environments,2019,160:42-55.
[11] Mishra PK,Prasad S,JehANGIR A et al. Investigating the role of meltwater versus precipitation seasonality in abrupt lakelevel rise in the high-altitude Tso Moriri Lake(India). Palaeogeography,Palaeoclimatology,Palaeoecology,2018,493:20-29.
[12] Alifujiang Y,Abuduwaili J,Ma L et al. System dynamics modeling of water level variations of Lake Issyk-Kul,Kyrgyzstan.Water,2017,9:989.
[13] Ma N,Szilagyi J,Niu GY et al. Evaporation variability of Nam Co Lake in the Tibetan Plateau and its role in recent rapid lake expansion. Journal of Hydrology,2016,537:27-35.
[14] Gao HZ,Yao YF. Quantitative effect of human activities on water level change of Bosten Lake in recent 50 years. Scientia Geographica Sinica,2005,25(3):305-309．[高华中，姚亦锋．近50年来人类活动对博斯腾湖水位影响的量化研究．地理科学，2005,25(3):305-309.]
[15] Wang R,Giese E,Gao QZ. The recent change of water level in the Bosten Lake and analysis of its causes. Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology,2003,25(1):60-64．[王润，GIESE E，高前兆．近期博斯腾湖水位变化及其原因分析．冰川冻土，2003,25(1):60-64.]
[16] Mamat A,Halik U,Keram A. Remote sensing based analysis on environment changes of typical lakes in Tian-shan mountains-A case study of Bosten Lake and Issyk-Kul Lake. Journal of ARID Land Resources and Environment,2017,31(8):143-147．[阿依努尔·买买提，玉米提·哈力克，阿依加马力·克然木．天山典型湖泊水位变化影响因素对比分析———以博斯腾湖与伊塞克湖为例．干旱区资源与环境，2017,31(8):143-147.]
[17] Zeng XF,Ye L,Zhai JQ et al. Research on changes of extreme precipitation in the Jialingjiang River basin and its potential impacts on hydrological process. Resources and Environment in the Yangtze Basin,2014,23(s1):159-164．[曾小凡，叶磊，翟建青等．嘉陵江流域极端降水变化及其对水文过程影响的初步研究．长江流域资源与环境，2014,23(s1):159-164.]
[18] Knapp AK,Beier C,Briske DD et al. Consequences of more extreme precipitation regimes for terrestrial ecosystems. Bio Science,2008,58(9):811-821.
[19] Zhang XB,Yang F. RClimDex(1.0)user manual. Canada,2004.
[20] Duan CQ,He F,Liu CE et al. Challenges and solutions of the water environmental issues of plateau lakes in Yunnan of China-from the perspective of ecosystem health. Engineering Sciences,2010,12(6):60-64,70．[段昌群，何峰，刘嫦娥等．基于生态系统健康视角下的云南高原湖泊水环境问题的诊断与解决理念．中国工程科学，2010,12(6):60-64,70.]
[21] Zhao GZ,He B eds. Research on sustainable development conditions and countermeasures in plateau lake basin of Yunnan.Beijing:Science Press,2011．[赵光洲，贺彬．云南高原湖泊流域可持续发展条件与对策研究．北京:科学出版社，2011.]
[22] Gao W,Chen Y,Xu M et al. Trend and driving factors of water quality change in Lake Fuxian(1980-2011). J Lake Sci,2013,25(5):635-642. DOI:10.18307/2013.0503．[高伟，陈岩，徐敏等．抚仙湖水质变化(1980-2011年)趋势与驱动力分析．湖泊科学，2013,25(5):635-642.]
[23] Chen CC,Zhang YQ,Wang LC et al. Research on the change of extreme precipitation in Jiangxi province based on RClimDex model. China Rural Water and Hydropower,2013,(11):41-45．[陈昌春，张余庆，王腊春等．基于RClimDex模型的江西省极端降水时空变化研究．中国农村水利水电，2013,(11):41-45.]
[24] Keggenhoff I,Elizbarashvili M,Amiri-farahani A et al. Trends in daily temperature and precipitation extremes over Georgia,1971-2010. Weather and Climate Extremes,2014,(4):75-85.
[25] Tang CB. Soil erosion in Dianchi Lake basin. Yunnan Environmental Protection,1991,(1):6-9．[汤承彬．滇池流域的水土流失．云南环保，1991,(1):6-9.]
[26] Bai LF. Study on ecological environment change in Dianchi Lake basin and urban development of Kunming during 1949-2009[Dissertation]. Kunming:Yunnan University,2011:92-122．[白龙飞．当代滇池流域生态环境变迁与昆明城市发展研究(1949—2009)[学位论文]．昆明:云南大学，2011:92-122.]
[27] Xiao Q,Yang K,Hong L. Remote sensing monitoring and temporal-spatial analysis of surface water body area changes of lakes on the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau over the past 30 years. J Lake Sci,2018,30(4):1083-1096. DOI:10. 18307/2018.0421．[肖茜，杨昆，洪亮．近30a云贵高原湖泊表面水体面积变化遥感监测与时空分析．湖泊科学，2018,30(4):1083-1096.]
[28] Li HJ,Zhong D,Fan S et al. Remote sensing monitoring of the nine plateau lakes’surface area in Yunnan in recent thirty years. Resources and Environment in the Yangtze Basin,2016,25(Z1):32-37．[李浩杰，种丹，范硕等．近三十年云南九大高原湖泊水面面积遥感变化监测．长江流域资源与环境，2016,25(Z1):32-37.]
[29] Zhu SS,Yao L. Analysis on the variation trend and affecting factors of water level in Dianchi Lake. Journal of Water Resources&Water Engineering,2012,23(2):182-184．[朱珊珊，姚林．滇池水位变化趋势及影响因素初步分析．水资源与水工程学报，2012,23(2):182-184.]
[30] Mao JZ,Sun YL,He KD et al. Study of water environment improvement effect by Niulan River-Dianchi Lake Water Supplement Project in Waihai area of Dianchi Lake. Water Resources Protection,2017,33(2):47-51．[毛建忠，孙燕利，贺克雕等．牛栏江———滇池补水工程对滇池外海的水环境改善效果研究．水资源保护，2017,33(2):47-51.]
[31] Chen JY. Research of impervious surface area change impact on Dianchi lake surface water temperature in recent 30 years[Dissertation]. Kunming:Yunnan Normal University,2017．[陈俊屹．近30年来滇池流域不透水表面演变对滇池表面水温影响研究[学位论文]．昆明:云南师范大学，2017.]
[32] Engel BA,Ahiablame ML,Leroy JD. Modeling the impacts of urbanization on lake water level using L-THIA. Urban Climate,2015,14:578-585.
[33] Mishra PK,Prasad S,Jehangir A et al. Investigating the role of melt water versus precipitation seasonality in abrupt lakelevel rise in the high-altitude Tso Moriri Lake(India). Palaeogeography,Palaeoclimatology,Palaeoecology,2018,493:20-29.
[34] Deng LX,Kong GF,Yang SQ et al. Study on the relationship between water quality and water quantity of Lake Yangzong.Journal of China Hydrology,2008,28(4):43-45,67．[邓丽仙，孔桂芬，杨绍琼等．阳宗海湖泊水质与来水量的关系研究．水文，2008,28(4):43-45,67.]
[35] Wang X,Li S. Volume change of Fuxian Lake in the last 40 years. Journal of Yuxi Normal University,2017,33(8):36-42．[王新，李石．近40年来抚仙湖湖泊面积与体积变化驱动力分析．玉溪师范学院学报，2017,33(8):36-42.]
[36] Ji WJ,Yang XP,Zhang JY. Variation characteristics and trend of evaporation in Dianchi Lake basin. Meteorological Science and Technology,2016,44(4):631-639．[吉文娟，杨晓鹏，张加云．滇池流域蒸发量时空变化特征及趋势分析．气象科技，2016,44(4):631-639.]
[37] Zhao Y,Li C,Wang D et al. Variation trend and cause analysis of evaporation and precipitation in Fuxian Lake watershed.Shandong Agricultural Sciences,2017,49(10):100-105．[赵耀，李超，王栋等．抚仙湖流域蒸发与降水的变化趋势及原因分析．山东农业科学，2017,49(10):100-105.]
[38] Wang G,Wang P,Wang TY et al. The variation of Lake Baikal water level and causal analysis since 1900. Resources Science,2018,40(11):2177-2185．[王冠，王平，王田野等．1900年以来贝加尔湖水位变化及其原因分析．资源科学，2018,40(11):2177-2185.]
[39] Langer TA,Cooper MJ,Reisinger LS et al. Water depth and lake-wide water level fluctuation influence onα-andβ-diversity of coastal wetland fish communities. Journal of Great Lakes Research,2018,44(1):70-76.
[40] Du BX,Xu LG,Zhang J et al. The spatial-temporal characteristics of eutrophication in Poyang Lake and its relationship with the water level. Research of Environmental Sciences,2019,32(5):795-801．[杜冰雪，徐力刚，张杰等．鄱阳湖富营养化时空变化特征及其与水位的关系．环境科学研究，2019,32(5):795-801.]
[41] Chen XK,Liu XB,Peng WQ et al. Hydroclimatic influence on the salinity and water volume of a plateau lake in southwest China. Science of the Total Environment,2018. DOI:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.12.013.
[42] Zhang SX,Wang RX,Shen JX et al. Potential relationship of wintering waterbirds community composition and water-level fluctuation in Lake Erhai. Asian Journal of Ecotoxicology,2018,13(4):143-148．[张淑霞，王荣兴，沈建新等．洱海冬季水鸟群落结构与水位变化的潜在关系．生态毒理学报，2018,13(4):143-148.]
© 2004-2018 中国地质图书馆版权所有 京ICP备05064691号 京公网安备11010802017129号 地址：北京市海淀区学院路29号 邮编：100083 电话：办公室：(+86 10)66554848；文献借阅、咨询服务、科技查新：66554700 |