餐厨垃圾粉碎脱水一体机设计
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摘要
针对我国目前餐厨垃圾集中处理耗时、费力,难以在源头处理而造成环境污染、资源浪费的问题,设计了一种小型餐厨垃圾粉碎脱水一体机。对机器总体结构和关键零部件参数进行了设计,并对关键零部件进行了应力分析和计算。设计的餐厨垃圾粉碎脱水一体机能够实现在社区或庭院内对餐厨垃圾进行降解,实现有机废物减量化、无害化和资源化利用。机器粉碎效果较好,粉碎后废料直径可控制在10～30 mm;机器脱水率较高,可达20%以上;机器节省资源与空间。
In view of problem that centralized treatment of kitchen waste in China is time-consuming and laborious,and it is difficult to deal with environmental pollution and waste of resources. A small kitchen waste crushing and dewatering machine was designed. Overall structure of machine and parameters of key components were designed,stresses of key components were analyzed and calculated. Kitchen waste could be degraded in community or courtyard by this kitchen waste crushing and dewatering machine,reduction and harmless utilization of organic waste could be realized. Test results showed that the machine has good grinding effect,diameter of water could be controlled to 10 ～ 30 mm after grinding,dehydration rate is higher,which could reach more than 20%,and resources and space could be saved.
In view of problem that centralized treatment of kitchen waste in China is time-consuming and laborious,and it is difficult to deal with environmental pollution and waste of resources. A small kitchen waste crushing and dewatering machine was designed. Overall structure of machine and parameters of key components were designed,stresses of key components were analyzed and calculated. Kitchen waste could be degraded in community or courtyard by this kitchen waste crushing and dewatering machine,reduction and harmless utilization of organic waste could be realized. Test results showed that the machine has good grinding effect,diameter of water could be controlled to 10 ～ 30 mm after grinding,dehydration rate is higher,which could reach more than 20%,and resources and space could be saved.
引文
[1]王丽华,李宇宸,韩聪.城市餐厨垃圾处理技术分析及思路分析[J].中国资源综合利用,2018,36(12):73-75.WANG Lihua, LI Yuchen, HAN Cong. Technical analysis and thinking analysis of urban kitchen waste treatment technology[J].China Resources Comprehensive Utilization,2018,36(12):73-75.
[2]许勇坚.家用食品粉碎机的优化设计[J].设备管理与维修,2018(23):99-100.
[3]郑芳芹.城市餐厨垃圾特点及处理技术分析[J].环境与发展,2018,30(9):67-68.ZHENG Fangqin. Analysis on the characteristics and treatment technology of urban kitchen waste[J]. Environment and Development,2018,30(9):67-68.
[4]冯洋,王刚,林宇钢,等.农村生活垃圾粉碎机研究现状与分析[J].农业开发与装备,2018(1):95-96.
[5]唐浩.高强度有机垃圾快速处理技术研究:餐厨垃圾处理方案比选研究[D].武汉:华中科技大学,2007.TANG Hao. Study on the rapid treatment technology of high-intensity organic waste:study on the program selection of food waste treatment[D]. Wuhan:Huazhong University of Science and Technology,2007.
[6]陈博.我国餐厨垃圾处理行业现状分析[J].科技风,2017(17):264.
[7]彭芬.小型餐厨垃圾处理设备的应用研究[J].再生资源与循环经济,2017,10(2):37-39.PENG Fen. Application research on mini-type treatment facility of food waste[J]. Recyclable Resources and Circular Economy,2017,10(2):37-39.
[8]王滨,晏习鹏,肖小兰,等.餐饮和厨余垃圾处理技术的现状与建议[J].广东化工,2018,45(18):114-115.WANG Bin,YAN Xipeng,XIAO Xiaolan, et al. Current status and recommendations of catering and kitchen waste treatment technologies[J]. Guangdong Chemical Industry, 2018, 45(18):114-115.
[9]王亦宸.厨余垃圾处置现状及前景展望[J].现代商贸工业,2018,39(25):189-190.
[10]左润国.卧式食品脱水机的设计与仿真[D].泰安:山东农业大学,2017.ZUO Runguo. Design and simulation of horizontal food dewatering machine[D]. Taian:Shandong Agricultural University,2017.
[11]张万里.餐厨垃圾厌氧消化特性及调控策略研究[D].大连:大连理工大学,2016.ZHANG Wanli. Anaerobic digestion of food waste:process performance and control strategies[D]. Dalian:Dalian University of Technology,2016.
[12]王徽,郑晓茜,魏兴.一种新型双级螺旋压榨脱水机设计[J].中国造纸,2016,35(5):55-58.WANG Hui,ZHENG Xiaoxi,WEI Xing. Design of a new doublestage screws press dewatering machine[J]. China Pulp&Paper,2016,35(5):55-58.
[13]刘威,关贺.筛分式双齿辊破碎机辊齿受力及强度分析[J].煤矿机械,2015,36(3):126-127.LIU Wei,GUAN He. Investigations on stress and strength of tooth of screening double toothed-roll crusher[J]. Coal Mine Machinery,2015,36(3):126-127.
[14]张雪峰,潘永泰,马浩,等.差速破碎机理分析及试验研究[J].煤矿机械,2013,34(8):84-86.ZHANG Xuefeng, PAN Yongtai, MA Hao, et al. Differential crushing mechanism analysis and experimental study[J]. Coal Mine Machinery,2013,34(8):84-86.
[15]张强,稽冶,冀伟.餐厨垃圾能源化研究进展[J].化工进展,2013,32(3):558-562,574.ZHANG Qiang,JI Ye,JI Wei. Research progress of energy production from kitchen garbage[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress,2013,32(3):558-562,574.
[2]许勇坚.家用食品粉碎机的优化设计[J].设备管理与维修,2018(23):99-100.
[3]郑芳芹.城市餐厨垃圾特点及处理技术分析[J].环境与发展,2018,30(9):67-68.ZHENG Fangqin. Analysis on the characteristics and treatment technology of urban kitchen waste[J]. Environment and Development,2018,30(9):67-68.
[4]冯洋,王刚,林宇钢,等.农村生活垃圾粉碎机研究现状与分析[J].农业开发与装备,2018(1):95-96.
[5]唐浩.高强度有机垃圾快速处理技术研究:餐厨垃圾处理方案比选研究[D].武汉:华中科技大学,2007.TANG Hao. Study on the rapid treatment technology of high-intensity organic waste:study on the program selection of food waste treatment[D]. Wuhan:Huazhong University of Science and Technology,2007.
[6]陈博.我国餐厨垃圾处理行业现状分析[J].科技风,2017(17):264.
[7]彭芬.小型餐厨垃圾处理设备的应用研究[J].再生资源与循环经济,2017,10(2):37-39.PENG Fen. Application research on mini-type treatment facility of food waste[J]. Recyclable Resources and Circular Economy,2017,10(2):37-39.
[8]王滨,晏习鹏,肖小兰,等.餐饮和厨余垃圾处理技术的现状与建议[J].广东化工,2018,45(18):114-115.WANG Bin,YAN Xipeng,XIAO Xiaolan, et al. Current status and recommendations of catering and kitchen waste treatment technologies[J]. Guangdong Chemical Industry, 2018, 45(18):114-115.
[9]王亦宸.厨余垃圾处置现状及前景展望[J].现代商贸工业,2018,39(25):189-190.
[10]左润国.卧式食品脱水机的设计与仿真[D].泰安:山东农业大学,2017.ZUO Runguo. Design and simulation of horizontal food dewatering machine[D]. Taian:Shandong Agricultural University,2017.
[11]张万里.餐厨垃圾厌氧消化特性及调控策略研究[D].大连:大连理工大学,2016.ZHANG Wanli. Anaerobic digestion of food waste:process performance and control strategies[D]. Dalian:Dalian University of Technology,2016.
[12]王徽,郑晓茜,魏兴.一种新型双级螺旋压榨脱水机设计[J].中国造纸,2016,35(5):55-58.WANG Hui,ZHENG Xiaoxi,WEI Xing. Design of a new doublestage screws press dewatering machine[J]. China Pulp&Paper,2016,35(5):55-58.
[13]刘威,关贺.筛分式双齿辊破碎机辊齿受力及强度分析[J].煤矿机械,2015,36(3):126-127.LIU Wei,GUAN He. Investigations on stress and strength of tooth of screening double toothed-roll crusher[J]. Coal Mine Machinery,2015,36(3):126-127.
[14]张雪峰,潘永泰,马浩,等.差速破碎机理分析及试验研究[J].煤矿机械,2013,34(8):84-86.ZHANG Xuefeng, PAN Yongtai, MA Hao, et al. Differential crushing mechanism analysis and experimental study[J]. Coal Mine Machinery,2013,34(8):84-86.
[15]张强,稽冶,冀伟.餐厨垃圾能源化研究进展[J].化工进展,2013,32(3):558-562,574.ZHANG Qiang,JI Ye,JI Wei. Research progress of energy production from kitchen garbage[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress,2013,32(3):558-562,574.
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