煤巷复合顶板结构对其稳定性影响试验
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摘要
煤层巷道复合顶板结构较为复杂,其自身稳定性与岩性、岩层厚度、层数、岩层位置及层间黏结力等因素有关。基于简化的复合顶板组合梁结构力学理论,建立了简化的组合梁力学测试模型,通过不同试验分析复合顶板结构特征对其稳定性的影响,其目的是为复合顶板稳定性分类及控制提供科学依据。研究结果表明:煤巷复合顶板厚度不变时,其自身稳定性随岩层强度提高、硬岩层厚度增加、硬厚岩层到煤层距离的减小及层间黏结力的增大而提高,随分层数的增多而降低,当层数达到4层及以上时,顶板稳定性受其层数变化的影响变小。各因素的影响程度由大到小依次:岩性>岩层厚度>层数>岩层位置>层间黏结力;强度低、厚度小的软弱薄夹层较其他岩层更易产生应力集中,且破坏早于其他岩层。
The composite roof structure of coal roadway is rather complex. Its stability is related to lithology,thickness of strata, number of strata, location of strata and cohesive force between layers. Based on mechanics theory of simplified composite roof composite beams, a simplified mechanical test model of composite beams was established, and the effects of the structural characteristics of composite roof on the stability of composite beams were analyzed by experiments. The purpose is to provide a scientific basis for the classification and control of composite roof stability. The results show that the stability of the roof increases with the increase of the lithology,the increase of the thickness of the hard rock, the decrease of the distance between the hard and thick layers and the strengthening of the interlayer bonding force when the thickness of the composite roof of the coal roadway is certain, but it reduce with the manifold of the number of layers, until the number of layers is more than four layers,and the stability of roof is affected by the number of layers. The influence of variation is small, and the influence degree of its influence factors from large to small is: lithology > rock thickness > layer > rock location > interlayer cohesive force. Compared with other rock formations, the weak thin interlayer with lower strength and small thickness is more prone to produce stress concentration anterior to other damages of layers.
The composite roof structure of coal roadway is rather complex. Its stability is related to lithology,thickness of strata, number of strata, location of strata and cohesive force between layers. Based on mechanics theory of simplified composite roof composite beams, a simplified mechanical test model of composite beams was established, and the effects of the structural characteristics of composite roof on the stability of composite beams were analyzed by experiments. The purpose is to provide a scientific basis for the classification and control of composite roof stability. The results show that the stability of the roof increases with the increase of the lithology,the increase of the thickness of the hard rock, the decrease of the distance between the hard and thick layers and the strengthening of the interlayer bonding force when the thickness of the composite roof of the coal roadway is certain, but it reduce with the manifold of the number of layers, until the number of layers is more than four layers,and the stability of roof is affected by the number of layers. The influence of variation is small, and the influence degree of its influence factors from large to small is: lithology > rock thickness > layer > rock location > interlayer cohesive force. Compared with other rock formations, the weak thin interlayer with lower strength and small thickness is more prone to produce stress concentration anterior to other damages of layers.
引文
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[15]王建宇.地下工程锚喷支护原理和设计[M].北京:中国铁道出版社,1980.
[16]于远祥.矩形巷道围岩变形破坏机理及在王村矿的应用研究[D].西安:西安科技大学,2013.
[17]王景春.煤层巷道复合顶板结构对其稳定性影响分析[D].西安:西安科技大学,2018.
[18]林崇德,孙同迟.煤巷层状顶板破坏机理分析[J].煤矿开采,1998,3(1):41-46.LIN Chongde,SUN Tongchi.Analysis of failure mechanism of layered roof in coal roadway[J].Coal Mining,1998,3(1):41-46.
[2]杨峰,王连国,贺安民,等.复合顶板的破坏机理与锚杆支护技术[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2008,25(3):286-289.YANG Feng,WANG Lianguo,HE Anmin,et al.The failure mechanism of composite roof and bolt support technology[J].Journal of Mining and Safety Engineering,2008,25(3):286-289.
[3]侯朝炯,郭励生.煤巷锚杆支护[M].徐州:中国矿业大学出版社,1999.
[4]宫显斌.复合顶板条件下煤巷锚杆支护技术[J].煤炭科学技术,2000,28(10):7-9.GONG Xianbin.Bolt support technology for coal roadway under compound roof condition[J].Coal Science and Technology,2000,28(10):7-9.
[5]郭忠平,何希林.复合顶板煤巷锚带网加锚索联合支护[J].矿山压力与顶板管理,2000,17(1):13-15.GUO Zhongping,HE Xilin.Combined roof coal roadway,anchor belt net and anchor rope combined support[J].Mine Pressure and Roof Management,2000,17(1):13-15.
[6]靳钟铭,徐林生.煤矿坚硬顶板控制[M].北京:煤炭工业出版社,1994.
[7]杨逾,冯国才,梁冰.工作面厚硬顶板力学变形研究[J].科学技术与工程,2009,9(6):1402-1405.YANG Yu,FENG Guocai,LIANG Bing.Study on mechanical deformation of thick and hard roof of working face[J].Science Technology and Engineering,2009,9(6):1402-1405.
[8]GOLSHANIA A,DA M,OKUI Y,et al.Numerical simulation of the excavation damaged zone around an opening in brittle rock[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics&Mining Sciences,2007(44):835-845.
[9]朱义欢,邵国建.地下洞室围岩短长期稳定性的评判准则综述[J].地下空间与工程学报,2013,9(增刊2):2093-2098.ZHU Yihuan,SHAO Guojian.Summary of short term and long-term stability criteria for underground caverns[J].Journal of Underground Space and Engineering,2013,9(S2):2093-2098.
[10]MAEIIMA T S,MORIOKA H S,MORI T Y.Evaluation of loosened zones on excavation of a large underground rock cavern and application of observational construction techniques[J].Tunneling and Underground Space Technology,2003(18):223-232.
[11]贾蓬,唐春安,王述红.巷道层状岩层顶板破坏机理[J].煤炭学报,2006,31(1):11-15.JIA Peng,TANG Chun’an,WANG Shuhong.Roof failure mechanism of roadway bedding strata[J].Joural of China Coal Society,2006,31(1):11-15.
[12]谷拴成.层状顶板岩层中巷道稳定性研究[J].建井技术,1991,12(4):17-19.GU Shuancheng.Study on roadway stability in layered roof strata[J].Well Construction Technology,1991(4):17-19.
[13]PENG S.Coal mine ground control[M].Xuzhou:China University Mining and Technology Press,2013.
[14]谷拴成,苏锋,崔希鹏.煤巷复合顶板变形破坏规律分析[J].煤炭科学技术,2012,40(5):20-23.GU Shuancheng,SU Feng,CUI Xipeng.Analysis on deformation and failure law of complex roof in seam gateway[J].Coal Science and Technology,2012,40(5):20-23.
[15]王建宇.地下工程锚喷支护原理和设计[M].北京:中国铁道出版社,1980.
[16]于远祥.矩形巷道围岩变形破坏机理及在王村矿的应用研究[D].西安:西安科技大学,2013.
[17]王景春.煤层巷道复合顶板结构对其稳定性影响分析[D].西安:西安科技大学,2018.
[18]林崇德,孙同迟.煤巷层状顶板破坏机理分析[J].煤矿开采,1998,3(1):41-46.LIN Chongde,SUN Tongchi.Analysis of failure mechanism of layered roof in coal roadway[J].Coal Mining,1998,3(1):41-46.
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