不同运移方向下断盖配置对油气运移作用的差异性
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摘要
为了研究含油气盆地不同运移方向下油气分布规律,在断盖配置类型及其确定方法研究的基础上,根据断盖配置类型与油气垂向和侧向运移方向、距离及所需条件之间关系,对不同运移方向下断盖配置对油气运移作用的差异性进行了对比研究。其差异性主要有3个方面:(1)对油气运移作用方式的差异性,断盖配置封闭对油气垂向运移起变径输导作用,而对油气侧向运移起继续输导作用;断盖配置不封闭对油气垂向运移起继续输导作用,而对油气侧向运移起变径输导作用;(2)对油气运移距离作用的差异性,断盖配置封闭使油气垂向运移至盖层之下,而使油气侧向运移超过输导断裂;断盖配置不封闭使油气垂向运移至盖层之上,而使油气侧向运移至输导断裂处;(3)阻止油气运移所需条件的差异性,油气垂向运移欲通过断盖配置运移动力相对较强,所需阻止油气运移所需的最小断接厚度相对较大,而油气侧向运移欲通过断盖配置运移动力相对较弱,阻止油气运移所需封油气最小断接厚度相对较小。研究成果对指导含油气盆地源内和源外断裂发育区油气勘探具有重要意义。
In order to study the distribution law of the oil and gas under different migration directions in hydrocarbon-bearing basins, based on the research of the fault-caprock configuration types and their determining methods, by means of the relationships between the configuration types and oil-gas vertical-lateral migration directions, distance and required conditions, the contrast studies were conducted for the differentials of the fault-caprock configuration types acting on the oil and gas migration actions. The differentials are mainly showed in following 3 aspects: ①For the differential in the hydrocarbon migration way, the fault-caprock configuration sealing action plays a role of changing the path and transporting for the vertical migration, while for the lateral migration, the role is continuously transporting; the non-sealing of the fault-caprock configuration plays a role of continuous transporting for the vertical migration, while for the lateral migration, the role is changing the path.② For the difference in the migration distance of the oil and gas, the configuration sealing makes the vertical migration to the bottom of the caprock, while for the lateral migration, the migration distance is over the transporting fault; the non-sealing of the fault-caprock configuration makes the vertical migration to the top of the caprock, while for the lateral migration, the migration distance is only up to the transporting fault.③The difference in the required conditions of stopping the hydrocarbon migration, the vertical migration power of the oil and gas needed through the fault cap configuration/allocation should be relatively stronger, and the minimal connected thickness required to prevent the oil and gas migration is relatively larger, while for the lateral migration, the power is relatively weaker, so as the minimal connected thickness. The study results possess important significances for guiding the petroleum exploration of the fault well-developed regions both in the source and outside the source of the hydrocarbon-bearing basin.
In order to study the distribution law of the oil and gas under different migration directions in hydrocarbon-bearing basins, based on the research of the fault-caprock configuration types and their determining methods, by means of the relationships between the configuration types and oil-gas vertical-lateral migration directions, distance and required conditions, the contrast studies were conducted for the differentials of the fault-caprock configuration types acting on the oil and gas migration actions. The differentials are mainly showed in following 3 aspects: ①For the differential in the hydrocarbon migration way, the fault-caprock configuration sealing action plays a role of changing the path and transporting for the vertical migration, while for the lateral migration, the role is continuously transporting; the non-sealing of the fault-caprock configuration plays a role of continuous transporting for the vertical migration, while for the lateral migration, the role is changing the path.② For the difference in the migration distance of the oil and gas, the configuration sealing makes the vertical migration to the bottom of the caprock, while for the lateral migration, the migration distance is over the transporting fault; the non-sealing of the fault-caprock configuration makes the vertical migration to the top of the caprock, while for the lateral migration, the migration distance is only up to the transporting fault.③The difference in the required conditions of stopping the hydrocarbon migration, the vertical migration power of the oil and gas needed through the fault cap configuration/allocation should be relatively stronger, and the minimal connected thickness required to prevent the oil and gas migration is relatively larger, while for the lateral migration, the power is relatively weaker, so as the minimal connected thickness. The study results possess important significances for guiding the petroleum exploration of the fault well-developed regions both in the source and outside the source of the hydrocarbon-bearing basin.
引文
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[11]付广,杨敬博.断盖配置对沿断裂运移油气的封闭作用:以南堡凹陷中浅层为例[J].地球科学——中国地质大学学报,2013,38(4):783-791.FU Guang,YANG Jingbo.Sealing of matching between fault and caprock to oil-gas migration along fault:An example from middle and shallow strata in Nanpu Depression[J].Earth Science:Journal of China University of Geoscience,2013,38(4):783-791.
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[15]于永利,徐佑德,肖永军,等.松辽盆地长岭断陷东岭地区烃源岩热演化对油气成藏的控制作用[J].天然气地球科学,2013,24 ( 4) :712-718.YU Yongli,XU Youde,XIAO Yongjun,et al.The controlling effect of source rock thermal evolution on hydrocarbon accumulation in Dongling area of Changling Fault Depression,Songliao Basin[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2013,24 (4):712-718.
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[17]卢学军,刘华,王建瑞,等.渤海湾盆地霸县凹陷输导体系与新近系油气运聚特征[J].石油实验地质,2010,32 ( 3):258-261.LU Xuejun,LIU Hua,WANG Jianrui,et al.Petroleum migration system and neogene petroleum accumulation features in the Baxian Sag,Bohai Bay Basin[J].Petroleum Geology & Experiment,2010,32 ( 3) :258-261.
[18]张万福,李晓恒,翟宪兰,等.霸县凹陷文安斜坡构造特征及勘探潜力分析 [J].石油地球物理勘探,2012,47(增刊1) :118-124.ZHANG Wanfu,LI Xiaoheng,ZHAI Xianlan,et al.Structure features and potential prospect of Wenan Slope in Baxian Depression[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2012,47(S1) :118-124.
[2]吕延防,许辰璐,付广,等.南堡凹陷中浅层盖-断组合控油模式及有利含油层位预测[J].石油与天然气地质,2014,35(1):86-97.Lü Yanfang,XU Chenlu,FU Guang,et al.Oil-controlling models of caprock-fault combination and predition of favorable horizons for hydrocarbon accumulation in middle-shallow sequences of Nanpu Sag[J].Oil & Gas Geology,2014,35(1):86-97.
[3]付晓飞,贾茹,王海学,等.断层-盖层封闭性定量评价:以塔里木盆地库车凹陷大北—克拉苏构造带为例[J].石油勘探与开发,2015,42(3):200-309.FU Xiaofei,JIA Ru,WANG Haixue,et al.Quantitative evaluation of fault-caprock sealing capacity:A case from Dabei-Kelasu structural belt in Kuqu Depression,Tarim Basin,NW China[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2015,42(3):200-309.
[4]孙永河,赵博,董月霞,等.南堡凹陷断裂对油气运聚成藏的控制作用[J].石油与天然气地质,2013,34(4):540-549.SUN Yonghe,ZHAO Bo,DONG Yuexia,et al.Control of faults on hydrocarbon migration and accumulation in the Nanpu Sag[J].Oil & Gas Geology,2013,34(4):540-549.
[5]付广,王浩然,胡欣蕾.断裂带盖层油气封盖断接厚度下限的预测方法及其应用[J].中国石油大学学报(自然科学版),2015,39(3):30-37.FU Guang,WANG Haoran,HU Xinlei.Prediton method and application of caprock faulted-contact thickness lower limit for oil-gas sealing in fault zone[J].Journal of China University of Petroleum(Edition of Natural Sciences),2015,39(3):30-37.
[6]付广,展铭望.油气沿断裂垂向与砂体侧向运移转换条件分析:以渤海湾盆地局部构造为例[J].中国矿业大学学报,2017,46(2):336-343.FU Guang,ZHAN Mingwang.Converson condition analysis for vertical migration along faults and lateral migration along sand bodies of oil and gas:Taking the local structure of Bohai Bay Basin as an example[J].Journal of China University of Ming & Technology,2017,46(2):336-343.
[7]刘哲,吕延防,孙永河,等.同生断裂分段生长特征及其石油地质意义:以辽河西部凹陷鸳鸯沟断裂为例[J].中国矿业大学学报,2012,41(5):793-799.LIU Zhe,Lü Yanfang,SUN Yonghe,et al.Characteristics and significance of syngenetic fault segmentation in hydrocarbon accumulation:An example of Yuanyangou fault in Western Sag,Liaohe Depression[J].Journal of China University of Mining & Technology,2012,41(5):793-799.
[8]付晓飞,陈哲,闫百泉,等.海拉尔-塔木察格盆地中部断陷带油气富集主控因素分析——断层和盖层双控模式[J].中国科学:地球科学,2013,43(8):1338-1351.FU Xiaofei,CHEN Zhe,YAN Baiquan,et al.Analysis of main controlling factors for hydrocarbon accumulation in central rift zones of the Hailar-Tamtsag Basin using a fault-caprock dual control mode[J].Science China:Earth Sciences,2013,43(8):1338-1351.
[9]王海学,付晓飞,付广,等.三肇凹陷断层垂向分段生长与扶杨油层油源断裂的厘定[J].地球科学——中国地质大学学报,2014,39(11):1639-1646.WANG Haixue,FU Xiaofei,FU Guang,et al.Vertical segmentation growth of fault and oil source fault determination in Fuyang oil layer of Sanzhao Depression[J].Earth Science:Journal of China University of Geoscience,2014,39(11):1639-1646.
[10]付广,历娜,胡明.盖层断接厚度封气下限及其对天然气分布的控制:以松辽盆地徐家围子断陷为例[J].天然气地球科学,2014,25(7):972-979 .FU Guang,LI Na,HU Ming.Gas sealing limit of faulted thickness of caprock and its controlling effect on gas distribution:An example from Xujiaweizi Depression of Songliao Basin[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2014,25(7):972-979.
[11]付广,杨敬博.断盖配置对沿断裂运移油气的封闭作用:以南堡凹陷中浅层为例[J].地球科学——中国地质大学学报,2013,38(4):783-791.FU Guang,YANG Jingbo.Sealing of matching between fault and caprock to oil-gas migration along fault:An example from middle and shallow strata in Nanpu Depression[J].Earth Science:Journal of China University of Geoscience,2013,38(4):783-791.
[12]付广,周亮,安立刚.油源断裂输导油气能力定量评价与油气聚集:以南堡凹陷东一段为例[J].岩性油气藏,2012,24(4):8-12.FU Guang,ZHOU Liang,AN ligang.Quantitative evaluation for hydrocarbon transport ability of faults connected with source rocks and relation with hydrocarbon accumulation:An example from Ed1 of Nanpu Depression [J].Lithologic Reservoirs,2012,24(4):8-12.
[13]孙同文,付广,吕延防,等.南堡1号构造中浅层油气富集主控因素分析[J].天然气地球科学,2014,25(7):1042-1051.SUN Tongwen,FU Guang,Lü Yanfang,et al.Main controlling factors on the hydrocarbon accumulation in the middle-shallow layer of 1st struction,Nanpu Sag[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2014,25(7):1042-1051.
[14]孙同文,吕延防,刘哲,等.断裂控藏作用定量评价及有利区预测:以辽河坳陷齐家—鸳鸯沟地区古近系沙河街组三段上亚段为例[J].石油与天然气地质,2013,34(6):790-796.SUN Tongwen,Lü Yanfang,LIU Zhe,et al.Quantitative evalution of control of faults on hydrocarbon accumulation and play fairway predition:A case from ES■ in Qijia-Yuanyanggou area,the Liaohe Depression[J].Oil & Gas Geology,2013,34(6):790-796.
[15]于永利,徐佑德,肖永军,等.松辽盆地长岭断陷东岭地区烃源岩热演化对油气成藏的控制作用[J].天然气地球科学,2013,24 ( 4) :712-718.YU Yongli,XU Youde,XIAO Yongjun,et al.The controlling effect of source rock thermal evolution on hydrocarbon accumulation in Dongling area of Changling Fault Depression,Songliao Basin[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2013,24 (4):712-718.
[16]刘华,蒋有录,徐昊清,等.冀中坳陷新近系油气成藏机理与成藏模式[J].石油学报,2011,32 ( 6) :928-936.LIU Hua,JIANG Youlu,XU Haoqing,et al.Accumulation mechanisms and modes of Neogene hydrocarbons in Jizhong Depression[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2011,32 ( 6) :928-936.
[17]卢学军,刘华,王建瑞,等.渤海湾盆地霸县凹陷输导体系与新近系油气运聚特征[J].石油实验地质,2010,32 ( 3):258-261.LU Xuejun,LIU Hua,WANG Jianrui,et al.Petroleum migration system and neogene petroleum accumulation features in the Baxian Sag,Bohai Bay Basin[J].Petroleum Geology & Experiment,2010,32 ( 3) :258-261.
[18]张万福,李晓恒,翟宪兰,等.霸县凹陷文安斜坡构造特征及勘探潜力分析 [J].石油地球物理勘探,2012,47(增刊1) :118-124.ZHANG Wanfu,LI Xiaoheng,ZHAI Xianlan,et al.Structure features and potential prospect of Wenan Slope in Baxian Depression[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2012,47(S1) :118-124.
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