广东惠州—从化典型地热田水文地球化学特征及成因分析
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摘要
本文通过对广东惠州至从化典型中低温对流型热水和冷水的水化学特征和同位素数据的分析,研究了热水的补给来源及其经历的深部地热过程。研究区热水均起源于大气降水,黄沙洞热水具有循环深度大,径流时间长,水岩反应强烈的特点,使其获取了更高的热量;从化热水具有滞留时间短,交替作用强,水岩反应较弱的特点。综合分析惠州黄沙洞热水循环深度为2600～4000m,冷水混合比例为62%～92%,储层温度为125～180℃;从化热水循环深度为1700～3200 m,冷水混合比例为48%～89%,储层温度为90～150℃。
This article analyzes the origin and the deep circulation process of low-to-medium temperature geothermal fields distributed within the Huangshadong and Conghua thermal fields in Guangdong Province, basic on the analysis of the hydrochemical characteristics and isotope data of the hot water and cold water in the study area. The thermal groundwater is originated from meteoric precipitation. The Huangshadong thermal field has the characteristics of a deeper circulation, longer cycle period, and smaller cycle rate, which allows it to obtain more heat from the surrounding rock. The Conghua thermal fields have the characteristics of short retention time, strong alternation and weak water—rock reaction. Both thermal fields in study area have two reservoirs, the temperature of shallow reservoir in Huangshadong thermal field is about 125 ℃, with the depth of the thermal cycle is about 2600 m; the temperature of deep reservoir is about 180℃, with the depth of the thermal cycle is about 4000 m. The temperature of shallow reservoir in Conghua thermal field is about 90 ℃, with the depth of the thermal cycle is about 1700 m; the temperature of deep reservoir is about 150℃, with the depth of the thermal cycle is about 3200 m.
This article analyzes the origin and the deep circulation process of low-to-medium temperature geothermal fields distributed within the Huangshadong and Conghua thermal fields in Guangdong Province, basic on the analysis of the hydrochemical characteristics and isotope data of the hot water and cold water in the study area. The thermal groundwater is originated from meteoric precipitation. The Huangshadong thermal field has the characteristics of a deeper circulation, longer cycle period, and smaller cycle rate, which allows it to obtain more heat from the surrounding rock. The Conghua thermal fields have the characteristics of short retention time, strong alternation and weak water—rock reaction. Both thermal fields in study area have two reservoirs, the temperature of shallow reservoir in Huangshadong thermal field is about 125 ℃, with the depth of the thermal cycle is about 2600 m; the temperature of deep reservoir is about 180℃, with the depth of the thermal cycle is about 4000 m. The temperature of shallow reservoir in Conghua thermal field is about 90 ℃, with the depth of the thermal cycle is about 1700 m; the temperature of deep reservoir is about 150℃, with the depth of the thermal cycle is about 3200 m.
引文
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陈华强.2012.广东省惠州地区地下热水形成及分布规律.科技传播,(1) :27～28.
郭静,毛绪美,童晟,冯亮.2016.水化学温度计估算粤西沿海深部地热系统热交换温度.地球科学,41(12):2075～2087.
郭政昇,王娟,赵培.2017,珠江流域大气降水稳定性氢氧同位素特征.水文,37(2):78～82.
郝永河,2010.阿克苏地区地下水化学特征及其形成原因分析.导师:叶含春.塔里木大学硕士学位论文:1～50.
黄宗万.2010.广东东莞盆地地热地质条件及勘探前景.华南地质与矿产,(3):68～72.
郎旭娟,蔺文静,刘志明,邢林啸,王贵玲.2016,贵德盆地地下热水水文地球化学特征.地球科学,41(10):1723～1734.
李汉川.2006.广东省惠州市大点顶岩体特征及就位机制分析.西部探矿工程,(7):166～168.
李修成.2016.秦岭山前地下热水同位素演化特征及其指示意义——以东大地区为例.导师:马致远.长安大学硕士学位论文:1～75.
蔺文静,甘浩男,王贵玲,马峰.2016.我国东南沿海干热岩赋存前景及与靶区选址研究.地质学报,90(8):2043～2058.
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佟伟,章铭陶,张知非,等.1981.西藏地热.北京:科学出版社:74～118.
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王贵玲,张发旺,刘志明.2000.国内外地热能开发利用现状及前景分析.地球学报,21(2):134～139.
许庭武.2011.广州从化新温泉地热资源勘查分析与新地热井开发设计.导师:周训.中国地质大学(北京)硕士学位论文:1～63.
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叶青.2012.广东从化新温泉地热地质特征及地热资源评价.导师:周训.中国地质大学硕士学位论文:1～69.
袁建飞.2013.广东沿海地热系统水文地球化学研究.导师:王焰新.中国地质大学(武汉)博士学位论文:1～140.
张保建,徐军祥,马振民,沈照理,亓麟,等.2010.运用H、O同位素资料分析地下热水的补给来源:以鲁西北阳谷—齐河凸起为例.地质通报,29(4):603～609.
赵季初,高宗军.2015.水—岩平衡在馆陶组热储温度估算中的应用.地下水,37 (5):19～21.
郑西来,刘鸿俊.1996.地热温标中的水-岩平衡状态研究.西安工程学院学报,18(1):74～79.
周海燕,周训,姚锦梅.2007.广东从化温泉的水文地球化学模拟.现代地质.21(4):619～624.
周海燕,周训,柳春晖,虞岚,李娟,梁永国.2008.广东省从化温泉热矿水水化学与同位素特征.自然资源学报,23(4):705～712.
周训,等.2010.地下水科学专论.北京:地质出版社.
Alcicek H,Bulbul A,Brogi A,Liotta D,Ruggieri G,Capezzuoli E,Meccheri M,Yavuzer I,Alcicek M C.2018.Origin,evolution and geothermometry of the thermal waters in the G?lemezli Geothermal Field,Denizli Basin (SW Anatolia,Turkey).Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research,349:1～30.
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Chen Changliang.2015&.Study on the Reserve Regularity and Hydrochemical Characteristics of Geothermal Resources in Changbai Mountain Basalt Region.Supervisor:Xiao Changlai.Master’s thesis of Jilin University:1～74.
Chen Huaqiang.2012#.The formation and distribution of geothermal water in Huizhou,Guangdong province.Science communication,(1):27～28.
Chen,Liuzhu,Ma Teng,Du Yao,Xiao Cong ,Chen Xinming.Liu Cunfu,Wang,Yanxin,2016.Hydrochemical and isotopic (2H,18O and 37Cl) constraints on evolution of geothermal water in coastal plain of Southwestern Guangdong Province,China.Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research.318:45～54.
Craig H.1953.The geochemistry of the stable carbon isotopes.Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta,3(2):53～92.
Dong Wei,Zhang Mingtao,Zhang Zhifei,et al.,1981#.Tibet geothermal.Beijing:Science Press:74～118.
Fournier R O,Truesdell A H,1973.An empirical Na—K—Ca geothermometer for natural waters.Geochimica Et Cosmochimica Acta,37(5):1255～1275.
Giggenbach W F,1988.Geothermal solute equilibria.Derivation of Na—K—Mg—Ca geoindicators.Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta,52(12) 2749～2765.
Giggenbach W F,Sheppard D S,Robinson B W,et al.,1994.Geochemical structure and position of the Waiotapu geothermal field,New Zealand.Geothermics 23:599～644.
Guo Jing,Mao Xumei,Tong Sheng,Feng Liang.2016&.Using hydrochemical geothermometers calculate exchange temperature of deep geothermal system in west coastal area of Guangdong Province.Earth Science,41(12):2075～2087.
Guo Zhengsheng,Wang Juan,Zhao Pei.2017&.Characteristics of Hydrogen and Oxygen Stable Isotopes in Precipitation in Pearl River Basin.Journal of China hydrology,37(2):78～82.
Hao Yonghe.2010.Study on Chemistry Characteristic of Groundwater and Formation Mechanism in Akesu Area.Supervisor:Ye Hanchun.Master’s thesis of Tarim University:1～50.
Huang Zongwan.2010&.The Geothermal Geological Conditions and Exploration Prospect of Dongguan Basin,Guangdong Province.Geology and Mineral Resources of South China,(3):68～72.
Lang Xujuan,Lin Wenjing,Liu Zhiming,Xin Linxiao,Wang Guiling,2016&.Hydrochemical characteristics of geothermal water in Guide Basin.Earth Science,41(10):1723～1734.
Li Hanchuan.2006#.Analysis on the rock mass characteristics and emplacement mechanism of the big point roof in Huizhou,Guangdong Province.West-China Exploration Engineering,(7):166～168.
Li Xiucheng.2016&.The Characteristics of Isotopes Evolution for Geothermal Water in the Piedmont of Qinling Mountain and their Significance —as Dongda area for an example.Supervisor:Ma Zhiyuan.Master’s thesis of Chang’an University:1～75.
Lin Wenjing,Gan Haonan,Wang Guiling,Ma Feng.2016&.Occurrence prospect of HDR and target site selection study in southeastern of China.Acta Geologica Sinica,90(8):2043～2058.
Mao Xumei,Wang Hua,Feng Liang.2018.Impact of additional dead carbon on the circulation estimation of thermal springs exposed from deep-seated faults in the Dongguan basin,southern China.Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research:1～11.
Mao Xumei,Wang Yanxin,Zhan Hongbin.2015.Geochemical and isotopic characteristics of geothermal springs hosted by deep-seated faults in Dongguan Basin.Southern China.Journal of Geochemical Exploration,158:112～121.
Mondal N C,Singh V P,2010.Determing the interation between groundwater and saline water through groundwater major ions chemistry.Journal of Hydrology,38(1):100～ 111.
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Reed M,Spycher N.1984.Calculation of pH and mineral equilibria in hydrothermal waters with application to geothermometry and studies of boiling and dilution.Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta,48(7):1479～1492.
Sanchez N,Coloma L,Perez-Garcia.2004.Evaluation of geothermal flow at the springs in Aragon (Spain),and its relation to geologic structure.Hydrogeology Journal,12:601～609.
Shakeri A,Moore F,Kompani-Zare M.2008.Geochemistry of the thermal springs of Mount Taftan,southeastern Iran.Journal of Volcanology & Geothermal Research,178:829～836.
Sharifi R,Moore F,Mohammadi Z,Keshavarzi B.2016.Estimation of deepwater temperature and hydrogeochemistry of springs in the Takab Geothermal Field,West Azerbaijan,Iran.Environmental Monitoring and Assessment,188(1):1～20.
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陈华强.2012.广东省惠州地区地下热水形成及分布规律.科技传播,(1) :27～28.
郭静,毛绪美,童晟,冯亮.2016.水化学温度计估算粤西沿海深部地热系统热交换温度.地球科学,41(12):2075～2087.
郭政昇,王娟,赵培.2017,珠江流域大气降水稳定性氢氧同位素特征.水文,37(2):78～82.
郝永河,2010.阿克苏地区地下水化学特征及其形成原因分析.导师:叶含春.塔里木大学硕士学位论文:1～50.
黄宗万.2010.广东东莞盆地地热地质条件及勘探前景.华南地质与矿产,(3):68～72.
郎旭娟,蔺文静,刘志明,邢林啸,王贵玲.2016,贵德盆地地下热水水文地球化学特征.地球科学,41(10):1723～1734.
李汉川.2006.广东省惠州市大点顶岩体特征及就位机制分析.西部探矿工程,(7):166～168.
李修成.2016.秦岭山前地下热水同位素演化特征及其指示意义——以东大地区为例.导师:马致远.长安大学硕士学位论文:1～75.
蔺文静,甘浩男,王贵玲,马峰.2016.我国东南沿海干热岩赋存前景及与靶区选址研究.地质学报,90(8):2043～2058.
沈照理,等.1993.水文地球化学基础.北京:地质出版社.
佟伟,章铭陶,张知非,等.1981.西藏地热.北京:科学出版社:74～118.
汪啸.2018.广东沿海典型深大断裂带地热水系统形成条件及水文地球化学特征.导师:卢国平.中国地质大学(武汉)博士毕业论文:1～152..
王大纯,等.1980.水文地质学基础.北京:地质出版社.
王贵玲,张发旺,刘志明.2000.国内外地热能开发利用现状及前景分析.地球学报,21(2):134～139.
许庭武.2011.广州从化新温泉地热资源勘查分析与新地热井开发设计.导师:周训.中国地质大学(北京)硕士学位论文:1～63.
杨勇俊.2008.矮陂镇黄沙洞地热田的探讨分析.中国西部科技.33(7):27～29.
叶青.2012.广东从化新温泉地热地质特征及地热资源评价.导师:周训.中国地质大学硕士学位论文:1～69.
袁建飞.2013.广东沿海地热系统水文地球化学研究.导师:王焰新.中国地质大学(武汉)博士学位论文:1～140.
张保建,徐军祥,马振民,沈照理,亓麟,等.2010.运用H、O同位素资料分析地下热水的补给来源:以鲁西北阳谷—齐河凸起为例.地质通报,29(4):603～609.
赵季初,高宗军.2015.水—岩平衡在馆陶组热储温度估算中的应用.地下水,37 (5):19～21.
郑西来,刘鸿俊.1996.地热温标中的水-岩平衡状态研究.西安工程学院学报,18(1):74～79.
周海燕,周训,姚锦梅.2007.广东从化温泉的水文地球化学模拟.现代地质.21(4):619～624.
周海燕,周训,柳春晖,虞岚,李娟,梁永国.2008.广东省从化温泉热矿水水化学与同位素特征.自然资源学报,23(4):705～712.
周训,等.2010.地下水科学专论.北京:地质出版社.
Alcicek H,Bulbul A,Brogi A,Liotta D,Ruggieri G,Capezzuoli E,Meccheri M,Yavuzer I,Alcicek M C.2018.Origin,evolution and geothermometry of the thermal waters in the G?lemezli Geothermal Field,Denizli Basin (SW Anatolia,Turkey).Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research,349:1～30.
Arnórsson S,Andrésdóttir A.1995.Processes controlling the distribution of boron and chlorine in natural waters in Iceland.Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta ,59:4125～4146.
Chen Changliang.2015&.Study on the Reserve Regularity and Hydrochemical Characteristics of Geothermal Resources in Changbai Mountain Basalt Region.Supervisor:Xiao Changlai.Master’s thesis of Jilin University:1～74.
Chen Huaqiang.2012#.The formation and distribution of geothermal water in Huizhou,Guangdong province.Science communication,(1):27～28.
Chen,Liuzhu,Ma Teng,Du Yao,Xiao Cong ,Chen Xinming.Liu Cunfu,Wang,Yanxin,2016.Hydrochemical and isotopic (2H,18O and 37Cl) constraints on evolution of geothermal water in coastal plain of Southwestern Guangdong Province,China.Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research.318:45～54.
Craig H.1953.The geochemistry of the stable carbon isotopes.Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta,3(2):53～92.
Dong Wei,Zhang Mingtao,Zhang Zhifei,et al.,1981#.Tibet geothermal.Beijing:Science Press:74～118.
Fournier R O,Truesdell A H,1973.An empirical Na—K—Ca geothermometer for natural waters.Geochimica Et Cosmochimica Acta,37(5):1255～1275.
Giggenbach W F,1988.Geothermal solute equilibria.Derivation of Na—K—Mg—Ca geoindicators.Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta,52(12) 2749～2765.
Giggenbach W F,Sheppard D S,Robinson B W,et al.,1994.Geochemical structure and position of the Waiotapu geothermal field,New Zealand.Geothermics 23:599～644.
Guo Jing,Mao Xumei,Tong Sheng,Feng Liang.2016&.Using hydrochemical geothermometers calculate exchange temperature of deep geothermal system in west coastal area of Guangdong Province.Earth Science,41(12):2075～2087.
Guo Zhengsheng,Wang Juan,Zhao Pei.2017&.Characteristics of Hydrogen and Oxygen Stable Isotopes in Precipitation in Pearl River Basin.Journal of China hydrology,37(2):78～82.
Hao Yonghe.2010.Study on Chemistry Characteristic of Groundwater and Formation Mechanism in Akesu Area.Supervisor:Ye Hanchun.Master’s thesis of Tarim University:1～50.
Huang Zongwan.2010&.The Geothermal Geological Conditions and Exploration Prospect of Dongguan Basin,Guangdong Province.Geology and Mineral Resources of South China,(3):68～72.
Lang Xujuan,Lin Wenjing,Liu Zhiming,Xin Linxiao,Wang Guiling,2016&.Hydrochemical characteristics of geothermal water in Guide Basin.Earth Science,41(10):1723～1734.
Li Hanchuan.2006#.Analysis on the rock mass characteristics and emplacement mechanism of the big point roof in Huizhou,Guangdong Province.West-China Exploration Engineering,(7):166～168.
Li Xiucheng.2016&.The Characteristics of Isotopes Evolution for Geothermal Water in the Piedmont of Qinling Mountain and their Significance —as Dongda area for an example.Supervisor:Ma Zhiyuan.Master’s thesis of Chang’an University:1～75.
Lin Wenjing,Gan Haonan,Wang Guiling,Ma Feng.2016&.Occurrence prospect of HDR and target site selection study in southeastern of China.Acta Geologica Sinica,90(8):2043～2058.
Mao Xumei,Wang Hua,Feng Liang.2018.Impact of additional dead carbon on the circulation estimation of thermal springs exposed from deep-seated faults in the Dongguan basin,southern China.Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research:1～11.
Mao Xumei,Wang Yanxin,Zhan Hongbin.2015.Geochemical and isotopic characteristics of geothermal springs hosted by deep-seated faults in Dongguan Basin.Southern China.Journal of Geochemical Exploration,158:112～121.
Mondal N C,Singh V P,2010.Determing the interation between groundwater and saline water through groundwater major ions chemistry.Journal of Hydrology,38(1):100～ 111.
Nicholson K.1993.Geothermal Fluids:Chemistry and Exploration Techniques.Berlin:Springer-Verlag.
Reed M,Spycher N.1984.Calculation of pH and mineral equilibria in hydrothermal waters with application to geothermometry and studies of boiling and dilution.Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta,48(7):1479～1492.
Sanchez N,Coloma L,Perez-Garcia.2004.Evaluation of geothermal flow at the springs in Aragon (Spain),and its relation to geologic structure.Hydrogeology Journal,12:601～609.
Shakeri A,Moore F,Kompani-Zare M.2008.Geochemistry of the thermal springs of Mount Taftan,southeastern Iran.Journal of Volcanology & Geothermal Research,178:829～836.
Sharifi R,Moore F,Mohammadi Z,Keshavarzi B.2016.Estimation of deepwater temperature and hydrogeochemistry of springs in the Takab Geothermal Field,West Azerbaijan,Iran.Environmental Monitoring and Assessment,188(1):1～20.
Shen Zhaoli.1993#.Basis of Hydrogeochemical.Beijing:Geosciences Press.
Sorey M L,Colvard E M.1997.Hydrologic investigations in the Mammoth Corridor,Yellow-Stone National Parkand Vicinity,U.S.A.Geothermics,26(2):221～249.
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