西昆仑穆呼锰矿晚石炭世含锰碳酸盐岩地质地球化学特征及其沉积环境
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摘要
西昆仑玛尔坎苏地区晚石炭世发育一套碎屑岩—碳酸盐岩建造,近期研究成果揭示其具有巨大的菱锰矿找矿前景而备受关注。通过对穆呼锰矿含锰岩系剖面测量、薄片鉴定、电子探针、扫描电镜、地球化学分析和碳酸盐岩锶同位素测试,对其进行碎屑岩—碳酸盐岩岩相划分与沉积环境分析。研究结果表明,含锰岩系可以识别出八种碎屑岩—碳酸盐岩岩相:泥灰岩相、砂屑灰岩相、微晶碳酸锰相、微晶—粉晶灰岩相、砾屑灰岩相、含砾砂屑灰岩相、钙质砂岩相、钙质砾岩相和3种岩相组合。结合矿体及其顶底板岩石地球化学和锶同位素特征,指示古海水温度平均22.68℃,属于亚热带区。含锰岩系为海水较浅的碎屑滨岸相和浅海陆棚相沉积,矿体顶底板处于海水相对较浅的氧化—弱还原环境,菱锰矿则形成于海水相对较深的浅海陆棚沉积洼地,处于还原沉积环境,与海底火山热液有关。
A set of clastic-carbonate rocks developed in the Maerkansu of West Kunlun during the Late Carboniferous recently revealed that it has a great potential for rhodochrosite prospecting and has attracted significant attention. The clastic-carbonate lithofacies division and sedimentary environment analyses were carried out by measuring the manganese-bearing rock series profile, thin section identification, electron probe, scanning electron microscope, geochemical analysis, and strontium isotope testing of the carbonate rocks in the Muhu manganese mine. Our study indicates that the manganese-bearing rock series consists of eight clastic-carbonate rock facies: marlite, arenaceous limestone, microcrystalline manganese carbonate, microcrystalline-micrite limestone, gravelly limestone, gravelly arenaceous limestone, calcareous sandstone, calcareous conglomerate, and combinations of three rock facies. Based on the geochemical and strontium isotope characteristics of the ore body and its roof and floor rocks, the ancient seawater temperature averaged 22.68 ℃, which belongs to the subtropical zone. In all, the manganese-bearing rocks are clastic shore facies and shallow sea-land shelf facies deposits with shallow seawater. The roof and floor rocks of the ore body were in a relatively shallow oxidation-weak reduction environment with seawater, while the rhodochrosite was formed in shallow sea-land shelf sedimentary depressions with relatively deep seawater under a reduced sedimentary environment, which is related to submarine volcanic hydrothermal activity.
A set of clastic-carbonate rocks developed in the Maerkansu of West Kunlun during the Late Carboniferous recently revealed that it has a great potential for rhodochrosite prospecting and has attracted significant attention. The clastic-carbonate lithofacies division and sedimentary environment analyses were carried out by measuring the manganese-bearing rock series profile, thin section identification, electron probe, scanning electron microscope, geochemical analysis, and strontium isotope testing of the carbonate rocks in the Muhu manganese mine. Our study indicates that the manganese-bearing rock series consists of eight clastic-carbonate rock facies: marlite, arenaceous limestone, microcrystalline manganese carbonate, microcrystalline-micrite limestone, gravelly limestone, gravelly arenaceous limestone, calcareous sandstone, calcareous conglomerate, and combinations of three rock facies. Based on the geochemical and strontium isotope characteristics of the ore body and its roof and floor rocks, the ancient seawater temperature averaged 22.68 ℃, which belongs to the subtropical zone. In all, the manganese-bearing rocks are clastic shore facies and shallow sea-land shelf facies deposits with shallow seawater. The roof and floor rocks of the ore body were in a relatively shallow oxidation-weak reduction environment with seawater, while the rhodochrosite was formed in shallow sea-land shelf sedimentary depressions with relatively deep seawater under a reduced sedimentary environment, which is related to submarine volcanic hydrothermal activity.
引文
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