江南过渡带奥陶系层序地层分析
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摘要
文章根据露头层序地层原理和方法,考虑层序关键界面、体系域特征、层序区域追踪对比性,对江南过渡带周边(石台—黟县一带)江南地层分区、江南过渡地层分区及下扬子地层分区奥陶系进行了露头层序地层研究。研究表明:江南过渡带周边奥陶系可识别出2个完整二级层序(SS1、SS2)与1个二级层序低水位体系域(SS3-LST)和11个三级层序(OSQ1～OSQ11),平均每个三级层序约为4.05 Ma,反映了研究区奥陶纪具有11次相对较大的海平面升降旋回;三级层序发育海侵体系域(transgressive system tract,TST)和高水位体系域(highstand system tract,HST),有时缺失低水位体系域(lowstand system tract,LST),局部凝缩段(condensed section,CS)难以识别;二级层序能进行较好的区域对比,三级层序不能完全对比;研究区北西高南东低,海水向北西方向持续海侵;北西侧灰质成分较高,水体相对较浅,而南东侧泥质成分较高,水体较深,在中间的江南过渡带,主体为斜坡相沉积,局部发育重力流沉积,其成因可能与江南断裂为同沉积断裂有较为密切的关系。
Based on the principle and method of outcrop sequence stratigraphy, considering the key surfaces of sequence, characteristics of systems tract and comparison of sequence region tracking, the outcrop sequence around Jiangnan transitional zone(from Shitai to Yixian area) during the Ordovician including the Lower Yangtze stratigraphic region, Jiangnan transitional stratigraphic region and Jiangnan stratigraphic region is researched. The results show that during the Ordovician the Jiangnan transitional zone can be divided into two complete second-order sequences(SS1,SS2), one lowstand system tract(SS3-LST), eleven third-order sequences(OSQ1-OSQ11), and the average age of each third-order sequence is 4.05 Ma. It is indicated that the studied area has eleven relatively large eustatic cycles during the Ordovician; the third-order sequences developed transgressive system tract(TST) and highstand system tract(HST) with local lowstand system tract(LST), partial condensed section(CS) is difficult to identify; the second-order sequences can be correlated, while the third-order sequences can not be completely correlated. Through the comparison research of five profiles, it is shown that the studied area inclined from NW to SE, and the continuous regressive happened to south-east; on the NW side, Lower Yangtze stratigraphic region is rich in lime and its water body is shallow; on the SE side, Jiangnan stratigraphic region is rich in argillaceous components and its water body is relatively deep; the middle part is Jiangnan transitional zone, the main part of it is the clinothem slope facies,and the gravity flow sediments are found in some areas. The origin of the complex sedimentation is related closely to Jiangnan fault zone with the synsedimentary movements.
Based on the principle and method of outcrop sequence stratigraphy, considering the key surfaces of sequence, characteristics of systems tract and comparison of sequence region tracking, the outcrop sequence around Jiangnan transitional zone(from Shitai to Yixian area) during the Ordovician including the Lower Yangtze stratigraphic region, Jiangnan transitional stratigraphic region and Jiangnan stratigraphic region is researched. The results show that during the Ordovician the Jiangnan transitional zone can be divided into two complete second-order sequences(SS1,SS2), one lowstand system tract(SS3-LST), eleven third-order sequences(OSQ1-OSQ11), and the average age of each third-order sequence is 4.05 Ma. It is indicated that the studied area has eleven relatively large eustatic cycles during the Ordovician; the third-order sequences developed transgressive system tract(TST) and highstand system tract(HST) with local lowstand system tract(LST), partial condensed section(CS) is difficult to identify; the second-order sequences can be correlated, while the third-order sequences can not be completely correlated. Through the comparison research of five profiles, it is shown that the studied area inclined from NW to SE, and the continuous regressive happened to south-east; on the NW side, Lower Yangtze stratigraphic region is rich in lime and its water body is shallow; on the SE side, Jiangnan stratigraphic region is rich in argillaceous components and its water body is relatively deep; the middle part is Jiangnan transitional zone, the main part of it is the clinothem slope facies,and the gravity flow sediments are found in some areas. The origin of the complex sedimentation is related closely to Jiangnan fault zone with the synsedimentary movements.
引文
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[19] 王鸿祯,史晓颖.沉积层序及海平面旋回的分类级别:旋回周期的成因讨论[J].现代地质,1998,12(1):1-16.
[20] 王训练.露头层序地层学研究的几个基本理论问题[J].中国科学(D辑),1999,29(1):22-30.
[2] VAIL P R, MITCHUM R M,Jr, THOMPSON S, Ⅲ.Seismic stratigraphy and global changes of sea level, part 4: global cycles of relative changes of sea level[M]//PAYTON C E.Memoir 26:Seismic Stratigraphy:Application to Hydrocarbon Exploration.Tulsa,Oklahoma,U.S.A.:The American Association of Petroleum Geologists, 1977:83-98.
[3] VAIL P R.Seismic stratigraphy interpretation using sequence stratigraphy, part I:seismic stratigraphy interpretation procedure[M]//BALLY A W.AAPG Studies in Geology,27,Vol 1:Atlas of Seismic Stratigraphy.Tulsa,Oklahoma,U.S.A.:The American Association of Petroleum Geologists,1987:1-10.
[4] SHANLEY K W, MCCABE P J.Perspective on the sequence stratigraphy of continental strata[J].AAPG Bulletin,1994,78(4):544-568.
[5] HAQ B U, HARDENBOL J, VAIL P R.Mesozoic and Cenozoic chronostratigraphy and eustatic cycles of sea-level change [M]//WILGUS C K,HASTINGS B S,POSAMENTIRE H, et al.Society of Economic Paleontologists and Mineralogists Special Publication,42:Sea-level Changes: An Integrated Approach.[S.l.]:SEPM Society for Sedimentary Geology,1988:71-108.
[6] 杜森官,王莉莉.安徽石台六都地区的奥陶系[J].地层学杂志,1980,4(2):120-128.
[7] 俞剑华,方一亭,黄志诚.皖南石台地区奥陶系沉积相及其构造控制[J].地层学杂志,1984,8(2):107-114.
[8] 夏邦栋,吕宏波.浙西皖南晚奥陶世复理石的沉积环境,兼谈鲍马层序应用问题[J].沉积学报,1988,6(4):44-52.
[9] 曹隽,刘建波,江崎洋一,等.安徽东至早奥陶世红花园组生物礁:奥陶纪生物大辐射前的微生物礁[J].北京大学学报(自然科学版),2008,45(2):79-88.
[10] 栾晓聪,刘建波,詹仁斌,等.安徽南部下、中奥陶统紫台组碳酸盐岩微相与海平面变化[J].古地理学报,2015,17(2):249-264.
[11] 吴跃东,钟华明.皖南地区奥陶系层序地层学分析[J].现代地质,2002,16(1):45-51.
[12] 宫维莉,毕治国,姜立富,等.安徽宁国胡乐地区奥陶系层序地层学初探[J].地层学杂志,2010,34(3):321-327.
[13] 齐永安,施振生.河南奥陶系层序地层学研究[J].焦作工学院学报(自然科学版),2002,21(1):29-32.
[14] 李志明,陈建强,苏文博,等.湘西北奥陶纪层序地层研究[J].地球科学:中国地质大学学报,1997,22(5):471-478.
[15] 李庆平,董仁国,李秀章,等.鲁西寒武系—下奥陶统层序地层研究新进展[J].地层学杂志,2005,29(4):376-380,386.
[16] 田树刚,章雨旭.华北地台北部奥陶纪露头层序地层[J].地球学报,1997,18(1):87-97.
[17] 贾振远,蔡华,蔡忠贤,等.鄂尔多斯地区南缘奥陶纪层序地层及海平面变化[J].地球科学:中国地质大学学报,1997,22(5):491-503.
[18] 于炳松,陈建强,林畅松.塔里木地台北部寒武纪—奥陶纪层序地层及其与扬子地台和华北地台的对比[J].中国科学(D辑),2001,31(1):17-26.
[19] 王鸿祯,史晓颖.沉积层序及海平面旋回的分类级别:旋回周期的成因讨论[J].现代地质,1998,12(1):1-16.
[20] 王训练.露头层序地层学研究的几个基本理论问题[J].中国科学(D辑),1999,29(1):22-30.
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