2011年初秋河南连阴雨期间大气环流异常机制分析
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摘要
利用2011年9月河南119个地面气象站逐日降水资料及同期NCEP/NCAR再分析资料数据,分析连阴雨降水特点及大气环流特征。用相关分析法找出中高纬度影响河南连阴雨降水的关键区,采用正斜压大气分解、E-P通量诊断方法从基本气流和扰动气流相互作用的角度分析连阴雨期间关键区的大气环流异常机制。正、斜压涡度的演变特征表明:关键区高压系统的建立和维持主要是由高纬度地区负的正压涡度向关键区输送造成,斜压扰动对关键区的高压系统的发展起抑制作用,基本气流中负的正压涡度起主导作用,大气环流的准正压性及基本气流的正压涡度对扰动气流起发展与维持作用。E-P通量诊断显示,降水时段40—120°E范围中高纬度对流层中上层的E-P通量矢量为辐合状态,导致中西伯利亚地区基本气流减速,使大气环流倾向于径向型;降水减弱或处于间歇期时,中高纬度E-P通量矢量为辐散状态时,基本气流加速,大气环流趋向纬向型。
Using the daily precipitation data of 119 observation stations in Henan and NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data in September 2011, the characteristics of the continuous precipitation and atmospheric circulation were analyzed. The key region affecting the continuous rain of Henan was found using correlation analysis method. The mechanism of atmospheric circulation anomaly in key region during the continuous precipitation was studied of by barotropic and baroclinic atmospheric decomposition and E-P flux diagnosis method from the angle of the interaction between the basic airflow and disturbed airflow. The evolution characteristics of barotropic vorticity and baroclinic vorticity shows that the formation and maintaining of the key region high-pressure systems are caused by the transporting of the minus barotropic vorticity from high latitude, while baroclinic vorticity tends to suppress the development of the key region high-pressure systems, but the minus barotropic vorticity of the basic flow plays the leading role, so the quasi-barotropy of the general atmospheric circulation and the barotropic vorticity of the basic flow play an important role on the formation and maintaining of the eddy flow. Diagnosis of E-P flux shows that during the continuous rain, the E-P flux is convergence at 40—120°E, the basic flow at central Siberia decelerates, and the circulation tends to be radial. During the weakening or intermission of the continuous rain, the E-P flux is divergence, the basic flow accelerates, and the circulation tends to be zonal.
Using the daily precipitation data of 119 observation stations in Henan and NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data in September 2011, the characteristics of the continuous precipitation and atmospheric circulation were analyzed. The key region affecting the continuous rain of Henan was found using correlation analysis method. The mechanism of atmospheric circulation anomaly in key region during the continuous precipitation was studied of by barotropic and baroclinic atmospheric decomposition and E-P flux diagnosis method from the angle of the interaction between the basic airflow and disturbed airflow. The evolution characteristics of barotropic vorticity and baroclinic vorticity shows that the formation and maintaining of the key region high-pressure systems are caused by the transporting of the minus barotropic vorticity from high latitude, while baroclinic vorticity tends to suppress the development of the key region high-pressure systems, but the minus barotropic vorticity of the basic flow plays the leading role, so the quasi-barotropy of the general atmospheric circulation and the barotropic vorticity of the basic flow play an important role on the formation and maintaining of the eddy flow. Diagnosis of E-P flux shows that during the continuous rain, the E-P flux is convergence at 40—120°E, the basic flow at central Siberia decelerates, and the circulation tends to be radial. During the weakening or intermission of the continuous rain, the E-P flux is divergence, the basic flow accelerates, and the circulation tends to be zonal.
引文
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[26]黄荣辉,邹捍.球面斜压大气中上传行星波与纬向平均气流的相互作用[J].大气科学,1989,13(4):383-392.
[2]李苗苗,张艳玲.夏玉米开花至灌浆期连阴雨天气对植株性状及产量结构的影响[J].气象与环境科学,2014,37(1):88-92.
[3]王秀文,李月安.北方麦收期间连阴雨天气环流特征[J].气象,2005,31(9):52-56.
[4]张秀雯.上海地区早秋连阴雨的中期预报方法[J].气象,1979,5(12):26-27.
[5]王建兵,安华银,汪治桂,等.近30 a甘南高原秋季连阴雨的气候特征及主要环流形势[J].干旱气象,2013,31(1):70-77.
[6]张涛.北方罕见连阴雨南方大范围秋旱[J].气象,2008,34(1):118-123.
[7]于凤英,常平,杨学斌.鲁西北罕见的秋季连阴雨环流特征分析[J].气象,2009,35(10):71-78.
[8]张景珍,张莉,李建明,等.2007年秋季罕见的连阴雨天气成因分析[J].山东气象,2011(1):9-13.
[9]王记芳,朱业玉.近50年河南省连阴雨灾害气候特点[J].河南气象,2000(4):16-17.
[10]常军,史恒斌,左璇.黄河流域秋季降水及环流对ENSO和 IOD的响应分析[J].气象与环境科学,2013,36(2):15-20.
[11]魏秀兰,赵熙,黄玉芳.2010年和2011年鲁西南初秋罕见连阴雨天气对比分析[J].干旱气象,2015,33(4):626-634.
[12]张芹,王文波,高晓梅,等.2011年山东一次罕见秋季连阴雨的环流特征分析[J].中国农学通报,2013,29(2):183-189.
[13]方建刚,易俊莲.2011年陕西秋季强连阴雨天气的大气环流异常特征分析[J].灾害学,2013,28(1):6-10.
[14]Wiin-Nielsen A.On the transformation of kinetic energy between the vertical shear flow and the vertical mean flow in the atmosphere[J].Monthly Weather Review,1962,90(8):311-323.
[15]黄荣辉.球面大气定常行星波的波作用守恒方程与用波作用通量所表征的定常行星波传播波导[J].中国科学B辑,1984,14(8):766-775.
[16]谷秀杰,孔海江,王友贺.2005年河南省秋季持续阴雨天气成因分析[J].气象与环境科学,2011,34(2):44-48.
[17]孔海江,吴胜安,王蕊,等.2009年秋季河南一次连阴雨天气成因分析[J].气象与环境学报,2011,27(2):39-44.
[18]时兴合,秦宁生,马元仓,等.1999年夏季青海多雨形势分析[J].高原气象,2002,21(2):222-224.
[19]周伟灿,朱乾根,刘宣飞.阻塞动力学研究进展与展望[J].南京气象学院学报,1999,22(2):279-286.
[20]Chen T C,Shukla J.Diagnostics analysis and spectral energetics of a blocking event in GLAS climate model simulation[J].Monthly Weather Review,1983,111(1):3-22.
[21]陆日宇,黄荣辉.关于阻塞形势演变过程中波数域能量的诊断分析[J].大气科学,1996,20(3):269-278.
[22]Eliassen A,Palm E.On the transfer of energy in stationary mountain waves[J].Geofy Publikasjoner,1961,22(3):1-23.
[23]Andrews D G,McIntyre M E.Planetary waves in horizontal and vertical shear:the generalized Eliassen-Palm relation and the mean zonal acceleration[J].Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences,1976,33(11):2031-2048.
[24]Edmon H J,Hoskins B J,McIntyre M E.Eliassen-Palm cross sections for the troposphere[J].Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences,1980,37(12):2600-2616.
[25]Dunkerton T J,Hsu C P F,McIntyre M E.Some Eulerian and Lagrangian diagnostics for a model stratospheric warming[J].Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences,1981,38(4):819-843.
[26]黄荣辉,邹捍.球面斜压大气中上传行星波与纬向平均气流的相互作用[J].大气科学,1989,13(4):383-392.
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