华南东部白垩纪晚期-古近纪构造转换的沉积记录——以粤北南雄盆地为例
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摘要
粤北南雄盆地的形成与演化过程受控于华南东部晚白垩世-古近纪构造体制的转换。本文从沉积学角度,利用盆地内沉积碎屑记录、沉积特征和碎屑锆石U-Pb年代学,获得盆地内部的岩石碎屑组分信息和相应源区的特性。研究表明南雄盆地是一个不对称的伸展断陷盆地,与盆地两侧的花岗岩体共同构成了一个半地堑式的构造体系。盆地在侏罗纪-早白垩世挤压造山的基础上,于早白垩世晚期,在区域伸展构造背景下,以前寒武纪-早古生代碎屑岩为基底,发育了一套完整的晚白垩世-古近纪红色碎屑岩沉积。盆地形成初期,碎屑沉积物主要来自前寒武系-下古生界;伴随着两侧花岗岩体的抬升、剥露,后期物源主要来自加里东期、印支期和早燕山期岩体。结合盆地沉积相和物源变化的研究,认为盆地形成和演化经历了一个由扩张到萎缩的过程,反映了在晚白垩世-古近纪华南东部区域经历了由伸展向挤压的构造体制转换,转换时间为古新世中晚期(约60Ma),主要动力学背景为印度板块与欧亚板块汇聚碰撞以及太平洋板块俯冲。
Formation and evolution of the Nanxiong Basin were dominated by the transformation of the Late Cretaceous-Paleogene tectonic mechanism in the eastern South China Block. In this paper we report new detrital records and sedimentary characteristics of the sediments and U-Pb geochronology of detrital zircons from siliciclastic rocks in the basin. These results indicate that the Nanxiong Basin is an asymmetrical extensional rift basin and constitutes the half-graben tectonic system with granites on both sides. The basin formed in the late Early Cretaceous under a background of regional tectonic extension, and accumulated the Late Cretaceous to Paleocene red siliciclastic rocks that unconformably overlies the Precambrian and lower Paleozoic sequences. U-Pb ages of detrital zircons from the siliciclastic rocks suggest that the sediments at the base of basin mainly came from the Precambrian-Lower Paleozoic strata, whereas the detritus at the upper part of the basin mainly came from the Caledonian, Indosinian, and Early Yanshanian granites exposed on both sides of the basin, which reveals a history of uplift and denudation of the granites accompanying with the evolution of the basin. Considering the sedimentary facies and provenance changes, it is believed that the formation and evolution of the Nanxiong Basin experienced a transition from expansion to atrophy,which is in accordance with the extension to compression tectonic transformation in the eastern South China Block during Late Cretaceous to Paleocene. The transformation is attributed to both of the collision between the Indian and the Eurasian plates and the subduction of the Pacific plate in Mid-Late Paleocene(ca. 60 Ma).
Formation and evolution of the Nanxiong Basin were dominated by the transformation of the Late Cretaceous-Paleogene tectonic mechanism in the eastern South China Block. In this paper we report new detrital records and sedimentary characteristics of the sediments and U-Pb geochronology of detrital zircons from siliciclastic rocks in the basin. These results indicate that the Nanxiong Basin is an asymmetrical extensional rift basin and constitutes the half-graben tectonic system with granites on both sides. The basin formed in the late Early Cretaceous under a background of regional tectonic extension, and accumulated the Late Cretaceous to Paleocene red siliciclastic rocks that unconformably overlies the Precambrian and lower Paleozoic sequences. U-Pb ages of detrital zircons from the siliciclastic rocks suggest that the sediments at the base of basin mainly came from the Precambrian-Lower Paleozoic strata, whereas the detritus at the upper part of the basin mainly came from the Caledonian, Indosinian, and Early Yanshanian granites exposed on both sides of the basin, which reveals a history of uplift and denudation of the granites accompanying with the evolution of the basin. Considering the sedimentary facies and provenance changes, it is believed that the formation and evolution of the Nanxiong Basin experienced a transition from expansion to atrophy,which is in accordance with the extension to compression tectonic transformation in the eastern South China Block during Late Cretaceous to Paleocene. The transformation is attributed to both of the collision between the Indian and the Eurasian plates and the subduction of the Pacific plate in Mid-Late Paleocene(ca. 60 Ma).
引文
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贾承造,何登发,陆洁民.2004.中国喜马拉雅运动的期次及其动力学背景.石油与天然气地质,25(2):121-125.
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吴元保,郑永飞.2004.锆石成因矿物学研究及其对U-Pb年龄解释的制约.科学通报,49(16):1589-1604.
肖庆辉,刘勇,冯艳芳,邱瑞照,张昱.2010.中国东部中生代岩石圈演化与太平洋板块俯冲消减的关系的讨论.中国地质,37(4):1092-1101.
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徐先兵,张岳桥,舒良树,贾东,王瑞瑞,许怀智.2009.闽西南玮埔岩体和赣南菖蒲混合岩锆石LA-ICP-MSU-Pb年代学:对武夷山加里东运动时代的制约.地质论评,55(2):277-285.
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徐亚军,杜远生,杨江海.2007.沉积物物源分析研究进展.地质科技情报,26(3):26-32.
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张旗.2013.中国东部中生代岩浆活动与太平洋板块向西俯冲有关吗?岩石矿物学杂志,32(1):113-128.
张显球,凌秋贤.2004.南雄盆地白垩-古近系(E/K)界线研究现状.中国脊椎动物学学术年会论文集:35-42.
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Hu X M,Garzanti E,Moore T and Isabella R.2015.Direct stratigraphic dating of India-Asia collision onset at the Selandian(Middle Paleocene,59±1 Ma).Geology,43(10):859-862.doi:10.1130/g36872.1
Hu Z C,Gao S,Liu Y S,Hu S H,Chen H H and Yuan H L.2008.Signal enhancement in Laser Ablation ICP-MSby addition of nitrogen in the central channel gas.Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry,23(8):1093-1101.doi:10.1039/b804760j
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Liu Y S,Hu Z C,Zong K Q,Gao C G,Gao S,Xu J and Chen H H.2010.Reappraisement and refinement of zircon U-Pb isotope and trace element analyses by LA-ICP-MS.Chinse Science Bulletin,55(15):1535-1546.doi:10.1007/s11434-010-0052-3
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邓平,任纪舜,凌洪飞,沈渭洲,孙立强,朱捌,谭正中.2012.诸广山南体印支期花岗岩的SHRIMP锆石U-Pb年龄及其构造意义.科学通报,57(14):1231-1241.
广东省地质矿产局.1988.广东省区域地质志.北京:地质出版社.
广东省核工业地质局二九一大队.2015.粤北南雄盆地区域地质图.
贾承造,何登发,陆洁民.2004.中国喜马拉雅运动的期次及其动力学背景.石油与天然气地质,25(2):121-125.
李佩贤,程政武,张志军,方晓思.2007.广东南雄盆地的“南雄层”和“丹霞层”.地球学报,28(2):181-189.
林昌荣,张启明.1990.沉积相类型划分的相命名法则和相标志的研究.中国海上油气(地质),4(4):57-63.
凌秋贤,张显球,林建南.2005.南雄盆地白垩纪-古近纪地层研究进展.地层学杂志,29(S1):596-601.
刘和甫,梁慧社,李晓清,殷进垠,朱德丰,刘立群.2000.中国东部中新生代裂陷盆地与伸展山岭耦合机制.地学前缘,7(4):477-486.
刘训,付德荣.1986.湖南衡阳盆地沉积相及构造发展的若干问题.中国地质科学院院报,13:13-36.
马之力.2015.华南东部白垩纪火山岩盆地构造演化与动力学过程.合肥:合肥工业大学硕士学位论文.
舒良树.2012.华南构造演化的基本特征.地质通报,31(7):1035-1053.
舒良树,邓平,王彬.2004.南雄诸广地区晚中生代盆山演化的岩石化学、运动学与年代学制约.中国科学(D辑),34(1):1-13.
孙立强,凌洪飞,沈渭洲,黄国龙,谭正中.2010.南岭地区油山岩体和坪田岩体形成年龄及其地质意义.高校地质学报,16(2):186-197.
孙卫东,凌明星,汪方跃,丁兴,胡艳华,周继彬,杨晓勇.2008.太平洋板块俯冲与中国东部中生代地质事件.矿物岩石地球化学通报,27(3):218-225.
童永生,李茜,王元青.2013.中国早古近纪陆相地层划分框架研究.地层学杂志,37(4):428-440.
王雨豪.2017.粤北南雄盆地构造演化及其对红层地貌发育的影响.石家庄:河北地质大学硕士学位论文.
吴崇筠.1981.湖泊沉积相的划分.石油勘探与开发,(2):3-12.
吴元保,郑永飞.2004.锆石成因矿物学研究及其对U-Pb年龄解释的制约.科学通报,49(16):1589-1604.
肖庆辉,刘勇,冯艳芳,邱瑞照,张昱.2010.中国东部中生代岩石圈演化与太平洋板块俯冲消减的关系的讨论.中国地质,37(4):1092-1101.
邢光福,卢清地,程荣,张正义,聂童春,李龙明,黄家龙,林敏.2008.华南晚中生代构造体制转折结束时限研究--兼与华北燕山地区对比.地质学报,82(4):451-463.
徐先兵,张岳桥,舒良树,贾东,王瑞瑞,许怀智.2009.闽西南玮埔岩体和赣南菖蒲混合岩锆石LA-ICP-MSU-Pb年代学:对武夷山加里东运动时代的制约.地质论评,55(2):277-285.
徐亚军,杜远生.2018.从板缘碰撞到陆内造山:华南东南缘早古生代造山作用演化.地球科学,43(2):333-353.
徐亚军,杜远生,杨江海.2007.沉积物物源分析研究进展.地质科技情报,26(3):26-32.
张国伟,郭安林,王岳军,李三忠,董云鹏,刘少峰,何登发,程顺有,鲁如魁,姚安平.2013.中国华南大陆构造与问题.中国科学:地球科学,43(10):1553-1582.
张旗.2013.中国东部中生代岩浆活动与太平洋板块向西俯冲有关吗?岩石矿物学杂志,32(1):113-128.
张显球,凌秋贤.2004.南雄盆地白垩-古近系(E/K)界线研究现状.中国脊椎动物学学术年会论文集:35-42.
张岳桥,董树文,李建华,崔建军,施炜,苏金宝,李勇.2012.华南中生代大地构造研究新进展.地球学报,33(3):257-279.
Chen W S,Huang Y C,Liu C H,Feng H T,Chuang S L and Lee Y H.2016.U-Pb zircon geochronology constraints on the ages of the Tananao schist belt and timing of orogenic events in Taiwan:Implications for a new tectonic evolution of the South China Block during the Mesozoic.Tectonophysics,686:68-81.doi:10.1016/j.tecto.2016.07.021
Hu X M,Garzanti E,Moore T and Isabella R.2015.Direct stratigraphic dating of India-Asia collision onset at the Selandian(Middle Paleocene,59±1 Ma).Geology,43(10):859-862.doi:10.1130/g36872.1
Hu Z C,Gao S,Liu Y S,Hu S H,Chen H H and Yuan H L.2008.Signal enhancement in Laser Ablation ICP-MSby addition of nitrogen in the central channel gas.Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry,23(8):1093-1101.doi:10.1039/b804760j
Li G,Hirano H,Batten D J,Wan X Q,Willems H and Zhang X Q.2010.Biostratigraphic significance of spinicaudatans from the upper Cretaceous Nanxiong Group in Guangdong,South China.Cretaceous Research,31(4):387-395.doi:10.1016/j.cretres.2010.05.003
Li J H,Zhang Y Q,Dong S W and Stephen T J.2014.Cretaceous tectonic evolution of South China:Apreliminary synthesis.Earth-Science Reviews,134(1):98-136.doi:10.1016/j.earscirev.2014.03.008
Liang X Q and Li X H.2005.Late Permian to Middle Triassic sedimentary records in Shiwandashan Basin:Implication for the Indosinian Yunkai Orogenic Belt,South China.Sedimentary Geology,177(3-4):297-320.doi:10.1016/j.sedgeo.2005.03.009
Liu Y S,Hu Z C,Zong K Q,Gao C G,Gao S,Xu J and Chen H H.2010.Reappraisement and refinement of zircon U-Pb isotope and trace element analyses by LA-ICP-MS.Chinse Science Bulletin,55(15):1535-1546.doi:10.1007/s11434-010-0052-3
Ludwig K R.2003.A Geochronological Toolkit for Microsoft Excel.Berkeley:Berkeley Geochronology Center.
Qi L,Xu Y J,Cawood,P A and Du Y S.2018.Reconstructing cryogenian to Ediacaran successions and paleogeography of the South China Block.Precambrian Research,314:452-467.http://doi.org/10.1016/j.precamres.2018.07.003
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